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Degradation of Bisphenol A and Pyrene from Highway Retention Basin Water Using Ultrasound Enhanced by UV Irradiation Cover

Degradation of Bisphenol A and Pyrene from Highway Retention Basin Water Using Ultrasound Enhanced by UV Irradiation

Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment
Volume 15 (2022): Issue 2 (June 2022)
By: ,   and    
Open Access
|Aug 2022
Figures & tables

Figures & Tables

Table 1.

Chemical and physical properties of tested compounds [6]

PropertyValue/description
 BPAPYR
Molecular formulaC15H16O2C6H10
Molecular weight228.29 g mol-1202.25 g mol-1
Boiling point360°C404°C
Melting point160°C151°C
Solubility in water at 25°C300 mg L-10.135 mg L-1
Octanol-water partition coefficient Log (Kow)3.325.18
Figure 1.

Experimental setup used in the study

Figure 2.

Ultrasound intensity influence on BPA degradation (9, 17, 26 and 43 W/cm2)

Figure 3.

Ultrasound intensity influence on PYR degradation (9, 17, 26 and 43 W/cm2)

Table 2.

Parameters of the ultrasonication process

Compound (-)I (W/cm2)P (W)Pa (MPa)k (1/min)t(1/2) (min)
BPA9120.520.05313
17220.710.1106
26351.020.2133
43571.140.3202
PYR9120.520.01839
17220.710.03619
26351.020.05213
43571.140.213

1 I – ultrasound intensity, P – ultrasound power, Pa – acoustic pressure, k – first order reaction constant, t(1/2) – half-life of degradation reaction

Figure 4.

Ultrasound influence on BPA degradation at pulse ultrasonication modes (R=4:2, R=2:4) and continuous mode (R=cont)

Figure 5.

Ultrasound influence on PYR degradation at pulse ultrasonication modes (R=4:2, R=2:4) and continuous mode (R=cont)

Figure 6.

The degradation rate of BPA in US/UV and US process (intensity of 43 W/cm2)

Figure 7.

The degradation rate of PYR in US/UV and US process (Intensity of 43 W/cm2)

Table 3.

BPA and PRN intermediates identified in samples after ultrasonication

CompoundIntermediateProcess time, min
15102030
BPA4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]benzene-1,2-diol---++
 4,4′-isopropylidenebiscatechol---++
 4′-hydroxyacetophenone----+
 4-hydroxybenzoic acid----+
PYR1-hydroxypyrene--+++
 3-phenanthrenol---++
 9-phenanthrenol---++
 1,4-benzoquinone----+

1 (+) – presence of the compound in the sample, (-) – no presence of the compound in the sample

Table 4.

BPA and PRN intermediates identified in samples after ultrasonication supported by UV light

CompoundIntermediateProcess time, min
15102030
BPA4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]benzene-1,2-diol-++++
 4,4′-isopropylidenebiscatechol-++++
 4-(2-hydroxy-2-propanyl) phenol--+++
 4′-hydroxyacetophenone--+++
 4-hydroxybenzoic acid---++
 1,4-benzoquinone--+++
PYR1-hydroxypyrene--+++
 3-phenanthrenol----+
 4-phenanthrenol----+
 9-phenanthrenol---++
 1,2-benzenediol----+
 1,4-benzoquinone---++

1 (+) – presence of the compound in the sample, (-) – no presence of the compound in the sample

Figure 8.

Pathway of generation of BPA decomposition by-product (where: 1) BPA,

2) 4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]benzene-1,2-diol,

3) 4,4’-isopropylidenebiscatechol,

4) 4-(2-hydroxy-2-propanyl) phenol, 5) 4’-hydroxyacetophenone, 6) 1,4-benzoquinone)

Figure 9.

Pathway of generation of PRN decomposition by-product (where: 1) PRN,

2) 1-hydroxypyrene, 3) 3-phenanthrenol,

4) 4-phenanthrenol, 5) 9-phenanthrenol,

6) 1,2-benzenediol, 7) 1,4-benzoquinone)

Figure 10.

Toxicity of the samples after US/UV treatment for BPA removal

Figure 11.

Toxicity of the samples after US/UV treatment for PYR removal

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/acee-2022-0021 | Journal eISSN: 2720-6947 (formerly 1899-0142) | Journal ISSN: 1899-0142
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Language: English
Page range: 135 - 148
Submitted on: Mar 7, 2022
Accepted on: May 10, 2022
Published on: Aug 9, 2022
Published by: Silesian University of Technology
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
Retention basin water,
Ultrasound,
UV irradiation,
Water treatment
Related subjects:
Architecture and design,
Architecture,
Architects, buildings

© 2022 Jakub COPIK, Edyta KUDLEK, Mariusz DUDZIAK, published by Silesian University of Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 15 (2022): Issue 2 (June 2022)
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