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A comprehensive analysis of the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in hematologic malignancies post-COVID-19 outbreak in King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thailand Cover

A comprehensive analysis of the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in hematologic malignancies post-COVID-19 outbreak in King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thailand

Open Access
|Jun 2026

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Diagram of distribution by type of disease and by year of the samples processed in the Cytogenetic laboratory during 2018–2024. AML, acute myeloid leukemia; CLL, chronic lymphocytic leukemia; MM, multiple myeloma; MPN, myeloproliferative neoplasms.

Figure 2.

Mean age of onset of patients with hematologic diseases received in the Cytogenetic laboratory for karyotype studies. AML, acute myeloid leukemia; CLL, chronic lymphocytic leukemia; MM, multiple myeloma; MPN, myeloproliferative neoplasms.

Figure 3.

Male-to-female ratio distribution by type of disease and by year of the samples processed in the Cytogenetic laboratory during 2018–2024. AML, acute myeloid leukemia; CLL, chronic lymphocytic leukemia; MM, multiple myeloma; MPN, myeloproliferative neoplasms.

Figure 4.

Distribution of chromosomal alterations in hematologic diseases received from 2018 to 2024. AML, acute myeloid leukemia; CLL, chronic lymphocytic leukemia; MM, multiple myeloma; MPN, myeloproliferative neoplasms.

Comparison of mean age of hematologic malignancy patients pre-COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 pandemic

Disease typePre-COVIDPost-COVIDP


Mean ± SDnMean ± SDn
MPN54.6 ± 16.913054.2 ± 19.82940.984
MDS/MPN overlap syndromes69.4 ± 8.9769.0 ± 16.3330.970
MDS62.5 ± 24.321762.8 ± 22.85880.988
AML50.5 ± 17.813248.6 ± 21.42470.914
Acute leukemia (unclassified)20.4 ± 20.31723.5 ± 26.3630.879
ALL30.1 ± 23.04526.6 ± 18.41570.868
MM63.6 ± 13.59664.4 ± 16.02370.949
CLL70.7 ± 10.61068.1 ± 25.1350.858
Lymphoma52.0 ± 20.53448.3 ± 25.51290.859

Number of bone marrow samples received by Cytogenetic laboratory during 2018–2024

YearTotal bone marrow samplesTotal cases included in the reportMaleFemale
2018622394212182
2019704452231221
2020623426226200
2021495425218207
2022601412209203
2023730485258227
January 1–October 31, 2024791483217266

Total4,5663,0771,5711,506

Comparison of hematologic disease frequencies pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic using OR and Fisher’s exact test

Disease typeOR95% CIFisher’s P-value
MPN0.790.64–0.980.03389
MDS/MPN1.680.74–3.810.27847
MDS0.960.81–1.130.63511
AML0.650.52–0.800.00014
Acute leukemia1.320.77–2.270.37042
ALL1.250.89–1.750.22189
MM0.870.68–1.110.27557
CLL1.250.62–2.520.61306
Lymphoma1.360.93–1.990.12476
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/abm-2026-0022 | Journal eISSN: 1875-855X | Journal ISSN: 1905-7415
Language: English
Page range: 194 - 201
Published on: Jun 30, 2026
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 2026 Montakarn Tansatit, Nutcharee Jongpornchai, Suwannee Songchart, Kittipornpan Krajokpap, Hudadini Da-oh, published by Chulalongkorn University
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.