Figure 1.
Univariate analysis to identify factors associated with AKI-free survival using the log-rank test and the log-rank test for trend
| Characteristics | Median AKI-free survival in each subgroup (d) | P |
|---|---|---|
| Age (quartile) | >32, >35, 13, 14 | 0.65 |
| Gender (male vs. female) | 8 vs. >32 | 0.01 |
| HIV infection (yes vs. no) | 14 vs. >21 | 0.79 |
| Hematologic malignancies (yes vs. no) | 5 vs. 16 | 0.21 |
| Diabetes mellitus (yes vs. no) | 10 vs. 14 | 0.51 |
| Cryptococcosis (yes vs. no) | 16 vs. 5 | 0.11 |
| Concomitant nephrotoxics (yes vs. no) | 16 vs. 13 | 0.78 |
| Body weight (quartile) | 17, >35, 14, 5 | 0.06 |
| Dose of AmBd (quartile) | >21, 10, 16, 5 | 0.40 |
| NSS/BW (quartile) | 6, 14, >35, 17 | 0.09 |
| NSS/AmBd (quartile) | 5, 14, 17, >21 | 0.03 |
| Baseline BUN (quartile) | 8, 6, 14, >35 | 0.04 |
| Baseline Cr (quartile) | 14, 10, 7, 18 | 0.87 |
| Baseline CKD-EPI eGFR (quartile) | 18, 20, 13, 6 | 0.17 |
| Baseline BUN/Cr ratio (quartile) | 5, 7, 16, 18 | 0.09 |
| Baseline sodium (quartile) | 16, 8, >21, 6 | 0.25 |
| Baseline potassium (quartile) | 13, 16, >35, 8 | 0.45 |
| Baseline chloride (quartile) | 6, 13, 9, 17 | 0.35 |
| Baseline bicarbonate (quartile) | 18, 14, 5, 6 | 0.04 |
| Baseline magnesium (quartile) | 10, 18, 13, 6 | 0.67 |
The 14 d AKI-free survival rate in each group/quartile of the significant risk factors
| Particulars | 14 d AKI-free survival rate (percentage without AKI) |
|---|---|
| Gender | |
| Male | 37.2 |
| Female | 63.1 |
| NSS/AmBd (mL/mg) | |
| <10† | 15.6 |
| 10–11 | 44.9 |
| 11.1–14.2 | 54.2 |
| >14.2† | 61.4 |
| Baseline BUN (mg/dL) | |
| <9 | 36.4 |
| 9–12‡ | 29.4 |
| 13–15 | 47.6 |
| >15‡ | 73.4 |
| Baseline bicarbonate (mEq/L) | |
| <21§ | 65.7 |
| 21–22 | 47.3 |
| 23–24§ | 34.1 |
| >24 | 40.7 |
Characteristics of the participants
| Characteristics | Participants (n = 60) |
|---|---|
| Age (years) | 40.3 ± 13.8 |
| Female gender | 27 (45.0%) |
| Comorbidity | |
| HIV infection | 41 (68.3%) |
| Hematologic malignancies | 10 (16.7%) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 2 (3.3%) |
| Fungal infection | |
| Cryptococcosis | 46 (76.7%) |
| Aspergillosis | 14 (23.3%) |
| Concomitant use of nephrotoxic drugs | |
| Amikacin | 2 (3.3%) |
| Vancomycin | 5 (8.3%) |
| Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate | 4 (6.7%) |
| Body weight (kg) | 50.3 ± 10.8 |
| Dose of AmBd (mg/kg/d) | 0.90 ± 0.15 |
| Duration of AmBd therapy (d) | 14 (7–20) |
| Dose of NSS pre-infusion | |
| (a) Adjusted to body weight, NSS/BW (mL/kg BW) | 10.5 ± 2.0 |
| (b) Adjusted to AmBd dose, NSS/AmBd (mL/mg AmBd) | 11.9 ± 3.0 |
| Baseline BUN (mg/dL) | 12.8 ± 5.3 |
| Baseline Cr (mg/dL) | 0.77 ± 0.21 |
| Baseline CKD-EPI eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 106.3 ± 23.1 |
| Baseline BUN/Cr ratio | 17.3 ± 7.4 |
| Baseline sodium (mEq/L) | 132.5 ± 5.6 |
| Baseline potassium (mEq/L) | 3.90 ± 0.43 |
| Baseline chloride (mEq/L) | 99.0 ± 5.7 |
| Baseline bicarbonate (mEq/L) | 22.6 ± 3.6 |
| Baseline magnesium (mg/dL), incomplete data (n = 40) | 0.79 ± 0.14 |
| Acute kidney injury | 31 (51.7%) |
Effect of the significant covariates on association between risk factors and AKI-free survival examined by the stratified log-rank test and the stratified log-rank test for trend
| Risk factors | P value for association between risk factors and AKI-free survival | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender-stratified | NSS/AmBd-stratified | BUN-stratified | Bicarb-stratified | |
| Gender | – | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.08 |
| NSS/AmBd (quartile) | 0.04 | – | 0.03 | 0.02 |
| BUN (quartile) | 0.02 | 0.01 | – | 0.04 |
| Bicarb (quartile) | 0.18 | 0.04 | 0.36 | – |