Table 1.
Fourth-generation tests for HIV antigen-antibody
| Test | Manufacturer | Specificity (%) | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| ADVIA Centaur HIV Ag/Ab Combo | Siemens | 99.74 | [28] |
| AxSYM HIV Ag/Ab Combo | Abbott Laboratories | 99.9 | [29] |
| ARCHITECT HIV Combo | Abbott Laboratories | 99.4 | [30] |
| VIDAS HIV DUO Ultra | BioMerieux | 99.84 | [31] |
| Cobas Core HIV Combi EIA | Roche Diagnostics | 99.3 | [30] |
| Elecsys HIV Combi | Roche Diagnostics | 99.8 | [32] |
| HIV Combi Modular E170 | Roche Diagnostics | 99.7 | [30] |
| Enzygnost HIV Integral | Dade Behring | 99.6 | [30] |
| Genscreen Ag/Ab HIV Ultra | Bio Rad | 99.7 | [30] |
| Genscreen PlusHIV Ag/Ab | Bio Rad | 99.9 | [28] |
| Vironostika HIV Uniform II Ag/Ab | Organon Teknika | 97.21 | [30] |
| Liaison XL Murex HIV Ab/Ag | DiaSorin | 98.5 | [33] |
[i] EIA, HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.
Figure 1.
Recommended laboratory HIV testing algorithm by CDC [66]. CDC, Center for Disease Control; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.
Figure 2.
Recommended analytical framework by CDC for accurate HIV diagnosis. CDC, Center for Disease Control; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.
Table 2.
Emerging ultra-sensitive methods for detection of HIV p24 antigen
Figure 3.
Structure of HIV and p24 antigen. (A) A complete virion, (B) capsid fullerene cone superstructure, and (C) monomer unit [8]. HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.