Figure 1
Characteristics based on the BMD z score in pediatric patients with SLE
| Characteristic | First DXA (n = 60) | Follow-up DXA (n = 51) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMD z score | P | BMD z score | P | |||
| > −2 (n = 36) | ≤−2 (n = 24) | >−2 (n = 23) | ≤−2 (n = 28) | |||
| Age at time of DXA (years), mean (SD) | 11.34 (2.42) | 11.32 (2.72) | 0.98† | 10.62 (2.67) | 11.38 (2.05) | 0.28† |
| Disease duration (months), median (IQR) | 13.5 (7–21) | 17 (8.5–32.5) | 0.39‡ | 26 (22–37) | 40.5 (20.5–53.5) | 0.31‡ |
| Weight for age z score, mean (SD) | 1.05 (1.64) | –0.12 (1.78) | 0.014†* | 0.92 (1.98) | 0.16 (1.56) | 0.15† |
| Height for age z score, mean (SD) | –0.58 (1.46) | –1.00 (1.01) | 0.24† | –0.58 (1.07) | –0.92 (1.19) | 0.32† |
| SLEDAI score at DXA, mean (SD) | 5.21 (5.73) | 6.29 (4.94) | 0.48† | 4.25 (2.90) | 5.89 (4.24) | 0.25† |
| C3 level, mean (SD) | 89.31 (29.30) | 88.11 (36.16) | 0.89† | 93.40 (21.10) | 99.31 (28.10) | 0.40† |
| Vitamin D level, median (IQR) | 20 (8–29) | 30.50 (13.5–60) | 0.26‡ | 24.5 (19.6–33.1) | 20.1 (13.3–29.2) | 0.41‡ |
| Cumulative corticosteroid dose (g), mean (SD) | 11.70 (7.00) | 17.38 (13.58) | 0.10† | 15.91 (6.19) | 23.65 (14.62) | 0.059† |
| Immunosuppressant, n (%) | 25 (69.4) | 17 (70.8) | 0.53§ | 18 (78.3) | 23 (82.1) | 0.73§ |
| Vitamin D supplement, n (%) | 17 (47.2) | 10 (41.7) | 0.53§ | 13 (56.5) | 20 (71.4) | 0.61§ |
| Calcium supplement, n (%) | 19 (52.8) | 7 (29.2) | 0.16§ | 18 (78.3) | 17 (60.7) | 0.64§ |
Factors associated with low BMD in patients with childhood SLE
| Characteristic | First DXA | Follow-up DXA | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||||
| OR (95% CI) | P† | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P¶ | OR (95% CI) | P† | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P¶ | |
| Weight for age z score | 0.67 (0.45–0.93) | 0.03 | 0.78 (0.50–1.17) | 0.25 | 0.87 (0.62–1.20) | 0.394 | ||
| Cumulative steroid dose | 1.06 (0.99–1.13) | 0.10 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.10 | 1.07 (0.99–1.16) | 0.059 | 1.08 (1.00–1.17) | 0.050 |