Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Assessing the burden of dengue among household members in Alaminos, Laguna, the Philippines: a prospective cohort study Cover

Assessing the burden of dengue among household members in Alaminos, Laguna, the Philippines: a prospective cohort study

Asian Biomedicine
Volume 15 (2021): Issue 5 (October 2021)
By: Maria Rosario Capeding,  Melanie de Boer,  Silvia Damaso and  Adrienne Guignard  
Open Access
|Oct 2021

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Schematic representation of the study design. *Blood samples were collected at Visit 2, but not analyzed due to early study termination. **Body temperature ≥ 38.0 °C within the past 8 days lasting from 36–48 h to 7 days, potentially accompanied by other signs of dengue that by the study investigator’s opinion could only be related to dengue; †SDCs confirmed by RT-qPCR or NS1. 1. Detailed clinical examination assessing the participant’s general condition, cardiac and respiratory rates, blood pressure, dengue-associated clinical signs, and symptoms. 2a. Used for ELISA to detect anti-DENV indirect IgG. 2b. Used for i. DENV RT-qPCR, ii. DENV isolation for sequencing purposes, iii. DENV sequence, iv. DENV NS1 rapid test (ICT) or ELISA, v. IgM/IgG rapid test (ICT) or SD Bioline Dengue Duo (dengue NS1 antigen and IgG/IgM). 3. Participants were advised to contact study investigators to report any sign or symptom they perceived as an SAE. All SAEs related to study procedures (blood collection) were recorded and evaluated by the study investigator along with related signs, symptoms, and relevant clinical information. 4. A. Warning signs. At least one of the following should be present: abdominal pain or tenderness, persistent vomiting, clinical fluid accumulation, mucosal bleeding, liver enlargement, increase in hematocrit concurrent with a rapid decrease in platelet count, lethargy, restlessness. B. Criteria for severe dengue. Dengue with at least one of the following: severe plasma leakage leading to shock, fluid accumulation with respiratory distress, severe bleeding, severe organ involvement, failure of heart and other organs. DENV, dengue virus; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; ICT, immunochromatographic assay; IgG, immunoglobulin G; IgM, immunoglobulin M; NS1, nonstructural protein 1; RT-qPCR, reverse-transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction; SAE, serious adverse event; SDC, suspected dengue case.
Schematic representation of the study design. *Blood samples were collected at Visit 2, but not analyzed due to early study termination. **Body temperature ≥ 38.0 °C within the past 8 days lasting from 36–48 h to 7 days, potentially accompanied by other signs of dengue that by the study investigator’s opinion could only be related to dengue; †SDCs confirmed by RT-qPCR or NS1. 1. Detailed clinical examination assessing the participant’s general condition, cardiac and respiratory rates, blood pressure, dengue-associated clinical signs, and symptoms. 2a. Used for ELISA to detect anti-DENV indirect IgG. 2b. Used for i. DENV RT-qPCR, ii. DENV isolation for sequencing purposes, iii. DENV sequence, iv. DENV NS1 rapid test (ICT) or ELISA, v. IgM/IgG rapid test (ICT) or SD Bioline Dengue Duo (dengue NS1 antigen and IgG/IgM). 3. Participants were advised to contact study investigators to report any sign or symptom they perceived as an SAE. All SAEs related to study procedures (blood collection) were recorded and evaluated by the study investigator along with related signs, symptoms, and relevant clinical information. 4. A. Warning signs. At least one of the following should be present: abdominal pain or tenderness, persistent vomiting, clinical fluid accumulation, mucosal bleeding, liver enlargement, increase in hematocrit concurrent with a rapid decrease in platelet count, lethargy, restlessness. B. Criteria for severe dengue. Dengue with at least one of the following: severe plasma leakage leading to shock, fluid accumulation with respiratory distress, severe bleeding, severe organ involvement, failure of heart and other organs. DENV, dengue virus; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; ICT, immunochromatographic assay; IgG, immunoglobulin G; IgM, immunoglobulin M; NS1, nonstructural protein 1; RT-qPCR, reverse-transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction; SAE, serious adverse event; SDC, suspected dengue case.

Figure 2

SDCs. *SDCs confirmed by RT-qPCR or NS1. To be classified with a SDC a study participant should have a body temperature of ≥38.0 °C within the past 8 days lasting from 36–48 h to 7 days, potentially accompanied by other signs of dengue that by the study investigator’s opinion could only be related to dengue; †SDCs not classified as confirmed virologically or probable. Warning signs. At least one of the following should be present: abdominal pain or tenderness, persistent vomiting, clinical fluid accumulation, mucosal bleeding, liver enlargement, increase in hematocrit concurrent with a rapid decrease in platelet count, lethargy, restlessness. Criteria for severe dengue. Dengue with at least one of the following: severe plasma leakage leading to shock, fluid accumulation with respiratory distress, severe bleeding, severe organ involvement, failure of heart and other organs. DENV, dengue virus; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; ICT, immunochromatographic assay; IgG, immunoglobulin G; IgM, immunoglobulin M; na, not available; NS1, nonstructural protein 1; RT-qPCR, reverse-transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction; SDC, suspected dengue case.
SDCs. *SDCs confirmed by RT-qPCR or NS1. To be classified with a SDC a study participant should have a body temperature of ≥38.0 °C within the past 8 days lasting from 36–48 h to 7 days, potentially accompanied by other signs of dengue that by the study investigator’s opinion could only be related to dengue; †SDCs not classified as confirmed virologically or probable. Warning signs. At least one of the following should be present: abdominal pain or tenderness, persistent vomiting, clinical fluid accumulation, mucosal bleeding, liver enlargement, increase in hematocrit concurrent with a rapid decrease in platelet count, lethargy, restlessness. Criteria for severe dengue. Dengue with at least one of the following: severe plasma leakage leading to shock, fluid accumulation with respiratory distress, severe bleeding, severe organ involvement, failure of heart and other organs. DENV, dengue virus; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; ICT, immunochromatographic assay; IgG, immunoglobulin G; IgM, immunoglobulin M; na, not available; NS1, nonstructural protein 1; RT-qPCR, reverse-transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction; SDC, suspected dengue case.

Figure 3

Plain language summary.
Plain language summary.

Clinical evaluation of patients with cases of dengue confirmed virologically and other SDCs

Clinical symptomsVirologically confirmed dengue cases* n = 4Other SDC† n = 5Total n = 9
At first visit for SDC
Axillary body temperature, n (°C)
  <38.0257
  ≥38.0202
Symptoms recorded during the SDC episode, n
Lasting fever‡459
Cough235
Headache224
Nausea or vomiting123
Abdominal pain202
Nasal congestion022
Retroorbital pain (eye pain)101
Sore throat101
Petechia101
Other325

Proportion of DENV IgG+ participants by ELISA at Visit 1

nPositive dengue (%)Estimated GEE (%)*95%CI†
Overall494377 (76.3)76.271.9–80.0
Age group
  6 months to <12 months1121 (8.3)8.31.2–41.3
  12 months–4 years7423 (31.1)31.221.7–42.7
  5–8 years8544 (51.8)51.540.8–62.0
  9–17 years173160 (92.5)92.086.4–95.4
  18–50 years150149 (99.3)99.395.4–99.99

Sociodemographic characteristics of the participants

CharacteristicsN = 500
Households, number352
Sex, female, n (%)272 (54.4)
Age (years)
  Mean (SD)15.6 (12.6)
  Median12.0
  Range0.5–50
Age groups, n (%)
  6 months to <12 months12 (2.4)
  12 months–4 years75 (15.0)
  5–8 years88 (17.6)
  9–17 years175 (35.0)
  18–50 years150 (30.0)
Number of participants enrolled per household, n′ (%)
  1204 (58.0)
  2148 (42.0)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/abm-2021-0027 | Journal eISSN: 1875-855X | Journal ISSN: 1905-7415
Journal RSS Feed
Language: English
Page range: 213 - 222
Published on: Oct 29, 2021
Published by: Chulalongkorn University
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 6 issues per year
Keywords:
dengue,
epidemiology,
Philippines,
sentinel surveillance,
reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction
Related subjects:
Medicine,
Assistive professions, nursing,
Basic medical science,
Basic medical science, other,
Clinical medicine,
Clinical medicine, other

© 2021 Maria Rosario Capeding, Melanie de Boer, Silvia Damaso, Adrienne Guignard, published by Chulalongkorn University
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Previous articleVolume 15 (2021): Issue 5 (October 2021)Next article