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Cytogenetic characteristics of and prognosis for acute myeloid leukemia in 107 children Cover

Cytogenetic characteristics of and prognosis for acute myeloid leukemia in 107 children

Asian Biomedicine
Volume 15 (2021): Issue 2 (April 2021)
By: Wanzi Chen,  Jinghui Yang and  Ping Chen  
Open Access
|Apr 2021

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

FAB cooperative group subtype classification of the 107 cases of AML in childhood. AML, acute myeloid leukemia; FAB, French-American-British.
FAB cooperative group subtype classification of the 107 cases of AML in childhood. AML, acute myeloid leukemia; FAB, French-American-British.

Figure 2

FISH results. A. RUNX1-RUNX1T1 fusion, 2Y1R1G, ×1000, B. MLL breakage, 1Y1R1G, ×1000. When gene fusion occurred, two yellow fusion signals are produced by the proximity or superposition of green and red chromosomes, one red and one green (2Y1R1G) signal are presented. If not, two red and two green signals were presented (2R2G). When gene breakage occurred, one yellow chromosome breaks apart as one red and one green (1R1G) signal, and one yellow signal is presented (1Y1R1G). If not, two yellow signals are presented (2Y). Scale bars indicate 10 μm. FISH, fluorescence in situ hybridization.
FISH results. A. RUNX1-RUNX1T1 fusion, 2Y1R1G, ×1000, B. MLL breakage, 1Y1R1G, ×1000. When gene fusion occurred, two yellow fusion signals are produced by the proximity or superposition of green and red chromosomes, one red and one green (2Y1R1G) signal are presented. If not, two red and two green signals were presented (2R2G). When gene breakage occurred, one yellow chromosome breaks apart as one red and one green (1R1G) signal, and one yellow signal is presented (1Y1R1G). If not, two yellow signals are presented (2Y). Scale bars indicate 10 μm. FISH, fluorescence in situ hybridization.

Figure 3

The OS curves are shown for the 4 groups of childhood AML. Group A, AML with t(15;17)/PML-RARA; Group B, AML with t(8;21)/RUNX1-RUNX1T1 or inv(16) and t(16;16)/CBFB-MYH11; Group C, AML with -7 or complex karyotypes; Group D, AML with normal or other cytogenetic changes. AML, acute myeloid leukemia; OS, overall survival.
The OS curves are shown for the 4 groups of childhood AML. Group A, AML with t(15;17)/PML-RARA; Group B, AML with t(8;21)/RUNX1-RUNX1T1 or inv(16) and t(16;16)/CBFB-MYH11; Group C, AML with -7 or complex karyotypes; Group D, AML with normal or other cytogenetic changes. AML, acute myeloid leukemia; OS, overall survival.

Figure 4

The EFS curves are shown for the 4 groups of childhood AML. Group A, AML with t(15;17)/PML-RARA; Group B, AML with t(8;21)/RUNX1-RUNX1T1 or inv(16) and t(16;16)/CBFB-MYH11; Group C, AML with −7 or complex karyotypes; Group D, AML with normal or other cytogenetic changes. AML, acute myeloid leukemia; EFS, event-free survival.
The EFS curves are shown for the 4 groups of childhood AML. Group A, AML with t(15;17)/PML-RARA; Group B, AML with t(8;21)/RUNX1-RUNX1T1 or inv(16) and t(16;16)/CBFB-MYH11; Group C, AML with −7 or complex karyotypes; Group D, AML with normal or other cytogenetic changes. AML, acute myeloid leukemia; EFS, event-free survival.

Figure 5

Comparison of overall survival in FAB-M5/M2 with t(8;21)/RUNX1-RUNX1T1. FAB, French-American-British. AQ1
Comparison of overall survival in FAB-M5/M2 with t(8;21)/RUNX1-RUNX1T1. FAB, French-American-British. AQ1

Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses for overall survival

Univariate analysisMultivariate analysis
HR (95% CI)PHR (95% CI)P
Karyotype
  A1.0 1.0
  B6.52 (0.84–50.60)0.077.27 (0.91–58.11)0.06
  C20.26 (2.57–159.75)0.004*22.65 (2.73–187.84)0.004*
  D7.44 (0.91–61.16)0.065.72 (0.65–50.78)0.12
Sex
  Male1.0 1.0
  Female0.88 (0.43–1.81)0.730.26 (0.31–1.39)0.26
Age (month)
  <121.0 1.0
  ≥120.22 (0.05–0.93)0.250.11 (0.02–0.60)0.19
WBC (×109/L)
  <1001.0 1.0
  ≥1001.87 (0.65–5.32)0.04*2.06 (0.69–6.08)0.011*
Morphological CR in first course
  Not CR1.0 1.0
  CR0.89 (0.26–1.12)0.100.69 (0.32–1.46)0.33
Marrow transplantation
  Yes1.0 1.0
  No1.70 (0.41–7.13)0.472.44 (0.56–10.63)0.24

Relationship between cytogenetic abnormalities and FAB subtypes_

Cytogenetic abnormalitiesFAB subtype (case)Detection of fusion gene
FISHRT-qPCR
t(15;17)APL (13)+ (all)†+ (all)†
t(8;21)M2 (3), M5 (5)+ (all)+ (all)
t(8;21), −X/YM2 (7), M5 (3)+ (all)+ (all)
inv(16)/t(16;16)M4 (2)+ (all)‡+ (all)‡
Complex karyotypesM0 (2), M1 (2), M2 (7), M5 (11), M6 (2), M7 (1)− (all)− (all)
−7M0 (1)− (all)− (all)
Normal karyotypesM0 (2), M2 (2), M5 (10), M6 (1)+ (3)§+ (3)§
OthersM0 (3), M5 (4)− (all)− (all)
No split phaseM0 (1), M1 (4), M2 (7), M5 (14)+ (8)§+ (8)§

Clinical characteristics of 92 patients with AML cytogenetic abnormality

GroupCaseMale/femalePMedian age in months (range)PWBC (×109/L)PMorphological CR rate in first course (%)P
A137/60.54†0.93‡0.45§62.4 (36–168)0.32†0.84‡0.86§10.1 ± 13.50.21†0.33‡0.55§920.046†*0.017‡*0.10§
B3116/150.53||0.1078.0 (32–166)0.15||0.1843.0 ± 62.20.93||0.68800.55||0.83
C2515/100.31††71.0 (20–158)0.99††25.8 ± 28.80.92††680.47††
D2317/6/66.0 (10–168)/35.3 ± 41.5/58/
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/abm-2021-0010 | Journal eISSN: 1875-855X | Journal ISSN: 1905-7415
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Language: English
Page range: 79 - 89
Published on: Apr 30, 2021
Published by: Chulalongkorn University
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 6 issues per year
Keywords:
childhood leukemias,
cytogenetic analysis,
karyotype,
leukemia,
myeloid,
acute,
prognosis
Related subjects:
Medicine,
Assistive professions, nursing,
Basic medical science,
Basic medical science, other,
Clinical medicine,
Clinical medicine, other

© 2021 Wanzi Chen, Jinghui Yang, Ping Chen, published by Chulalongkorn University
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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