Stress experience and coping mechanisms of female inmates in BJMP: implications to correctional nursing
Abstract
Objective
The stress experienced by female Persons Deprived of Liberty (PDLs) in correctional facilities is a significant yet underexplored issue. This study aims to explore the stressors and coping mechanisms of female PDLs using Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model (RAM) to understand their adaptive processes within a prison environment.
Methods
A qualitative design was employed using purposive sampling. Ten female PDLs from a Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP) facility in Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines were interviewed using 3 guided questions to explore their stress experiences and coping strategies. Thematic analysis was applied to identify key themes from the collected data.
Results
The study identified interpersonal conflicts, family separation, legal delays, and challenging prison environments as primary sources of stress. To manage these stressors, the participants employed various coping strategies, including emotional introspection, engagement in physical activities, participation in religious practices, and seeking support from peers and family members. These strategies reflect adaptive responses within the framework of RAM.
Conclusions
The findings highlight the need for comprehensive interventions that promote the mental well-being of female PDLs. Recommendations include implementing conflict resolution programs, facilitating family communication, organizing physical and group activities, and providing mental health services. The study highlights the importance of adopting a holistic approach to inmate care, recognizing the complex nature of stress and adaptation. These insights can guide correctional institutions and healthcare professionals in developing targeted interventions to improve the well-being and rehabilitation outcomes of female PDLs, thereby enhancing their reintegration into society.
© 2026 Nicole Angelu S. Aranda, Jeshierlyn P. Baua, Rinoa Lei S. Guntalilib, Janelle V. Pasamonte, Joman J. Baliton, published by Shanxi Medical Periodical Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.