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An investigation of nursing practices and processes and patient experiences in relation to virtual outpatient clinics in an acute care hospital–considerations for nurse managers† Cover

An investigation of nursing practices and processes and patient experiences in relation to virtual outpatient clinics in an acute care hospital–considerations for nurse managers†

Open Access
|Mar 2026

Figures & Tables

Table 1.

Audit of virtual clinics.

ItemResult
Clinic Data
Number of clinicsTotal 200
Mode of communication100% telephone
Duration of consultationNot recorded
Duration of preparation, running, and follow-up of virtual clinic0.5—12 h
Average number of patients per week9–30 patients
Total number of patients scheduled2019
Total number of patients attended1555
Clinic personnel
Lead nurse—years qualifiedRange 7–36 years
Lead nurse—highest qualification50% had masters
Virtual clinics training0
MDT involvement75% had MDT involvement
Patient support
Informal psychological support75% provided
Referrals17 different services identified
Patient satisfaction assessed25% informally assessed
Resources
Nurses locationVariety of locations; outpatients department, office, nurse’s home
Admin supportNot recorded. Estimates range 1–10 h
Protected/scheduled time for virtual clinic66%
Technical support usedTelephone/email/digital health records,
Technical support desiredAccess to reliable virtual platform for consultations Webcam/headset

1 Note: MDT, multi-disciplinary team.

Figure 1.

Documents supporting virtual clinics.

Table 2.

VCSQ Scores.

NQuestion how satisfied are you….?MeanSD
1.Purpose of virtual clinic appointment was explained4.50.9
2.Contacted in a timely manner4.490.93
3.Diagnosis/treatment fully explained4.211.1
4.Nursing/medical care/advice received4.410.98
5.Duration of virtual clinic appointment4.420.96
6.Technology used and ability to take part4.410.89
7.Convenience of virtual clinic4.490.91
8.Concerns/problems were addressed4.21.17
9.To be treated through virtual clinic in the future4.161.2
10.Access further nursing/medical advice4.271.08
11.Overall satisfaction4.40.95

1 Note: SD, standard deviation; VCSQ, Virtual Clinics Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire.

Table 3.

Difference between nurse-led and MDT clinics.

Clinic typenMean scoreSDMann–Whitney UP
1. Purpose was explained91950.201
   Nurse-led754.530.96
   MDT2664.480.88
2. Contacted in a timely manner93570.318
   Nurse-led754.481.07
   MDT2664.490.89
3. Diagnosis/treatment explained90180.160
   Nurse-led754.351.02
   MDT2664.171.13
4. Nursing/medical care/advice95120.471
   Nurse-led754.431.03
   MDT2664.410.96
5. Duration80570.003**
   Nurse-led754.680.70
   MDT2664.351.02
6. Technology used and ability to take part76510.000***
   Nurse-led754.650.81
   MDT2664.350.90
7. Convenience96350.579
   Nurse-led754.510.74
   MDT2664.490.90
8. Concerns/problems were addressed83770.017*
   Nurse-led754.441
   MDT2664.141.20
9. Future87570.069
   Nurse-led754.371.04
   MDT2664.11.20
10. Access further nursing/medical advice77870.001***
   Nurse-led754.570.93
   MDT2664.181.11
11. Overall satisfaction90210.141
   Nurse-led754.520.88
   MDT2664.370.97

1 Note: MDT, multi-disciplinary team; SD, standard deviation;

1* P < 0.05,

1** P < 0.01,

1*** P < 0.001.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/FON-2026-0005 | Journal eISSN: 2544-8994 | Journal ISSN: 2097-5368
Language: English
Page range: 33 - 42
Submitted on: Mar 14, 2025
Accepted on: Apr 28, 2025
Published on: Mar 24, 2026
Published by: Shanxi Medical Periodical Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 2026 Elaine Harris, Marian Hayden, Joanna Rea, Patricia White, Margaret McCann, Leona Connolly, Catherine McCabe, published by Shanxi Medical Periodical Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.