Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Meaning, personal purpose and the Big Five personality traits in exploring leader effectiveness in South Africa’s FMCG sector during the Fourth Industrial Revolution Cover

Meaning, personal purpose and the Big Five personality traits in exploring leader effectiveness in South Africa’s FMCG sector during the Fourth Industrial Revolution

Open Access
|Mar 2025

References

  1. Abu-Ulbeh, W., Hatamleh, A., Anayreh, K., & Bamansoor, S. (2012). The role of leadership in the industrial revolution (IR4.0): Achievement and creative thinking strategies. International Journal of Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity, 12(1), 15-24. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/352260706_THE_ROLE_OF_LEADERSHIP_IN_INDUSTRIAL_REVOLUTION_IR_40_ACHIEVEMENT_AND_CREATIVE_THINKING_STRATEGIES
  2. Bass, B. M., & Stogdill, R. M. (1990). Bass & Stogdill’s handbook of leadership: Theory, research, and managerial applications (3rd ed.). Simon and Schuster.
  3. Behjat, F. (2012). Interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligences: Do they really work in foreign language learning? Social Behavioural Science, 32, 351-355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.01.052
  4. Berg, J. L. (2015). The role of personal purpose goals in symbiotic vision. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 443. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00443
  5. Boyatzis, R., & Dhar, U. (2021). Dynamics of the ideal self. Journal of Management, 41(1). https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-09-2021-0247
  6. Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2016). Thematic analysis. In H. Cooper., P. M. Camic., D. L. Long., A. T. Panter., D. Rindskopf., & Sher, K. J. (Eds.), APA handbook of research methods in psychology (Vol. 2: Research designs: quantitative, qualitative, neuro-psychological and biological; pp. 57-71). American Psychological Association.
  7. Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2021). To saturate or not to saturate? Questioning data saturation as a useful concept for thematic analysis and sample-size rationales. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 13(2), 201-216. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1704846
  8. Cardona, P., Rey, C., & Craig, N. (2019). Purpose-driven leadership. In C. Rey., M. Bastons., & P. Sotok (Eds.), Purpose-driven organizations (pp. 57-70). Pal-grave MacMillian. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17674-7_5
  9. Cohen, N., & Arieli, T. (2011). Field research in conflict environments: Methodological challenges and snowball sampling. Journal of Peace Research, 48(4), 423-435. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022343311405698
  10. Creswell, J. W. (2019). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five traditions. Sage.
  11. Deloitte. (2019). Success personified in the Fourth Industrial Revolution: Four leadership personas for an era of change and uncertainty. https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/global/Documents/gx-davos-DI_Success-personified-fourth-industrial-revolution.pdf
  12. Dolan, S. L., & Garcia, S. (2002). Managing by values: Cultural redesign for strategic organizational change at the dawn of the twenty-first century. Journal of Management Development, 21(2), 101-117. https://doi.org/10.1108/02621710210417411
  13. Frankl, V. E. (2008). Man’s search for meaning (6th ed.). Rider.
  14. George, L. S., & Park, C. S. (2013). Are meaning and purpose distinct? An examination of correlates and predictors. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 8(5), 365-375. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2013.805801
  15. Gibson, C. B., Dunlop, P. D., & Raghav, S. (2020). Navigating identities in global work: Antecedents and consequences of intrapersonal identity conflict. Human Relations, 74(4), 556-586. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726719895314
  16. Gøtze, J. (2013). The changing role of the enterprise architect. In 2013 17th IEEE International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops (pp. 319-326). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/EDOCW.2013.42
  17. Guzmán, V. E. C., Muschard, B., Gerolamo, M., Kohl, H., & Rozenfeld, H. (2020). Characteristics of skills of leadership in the context of Industry 4.0. Procedia Manufacturing, 43, 543-550. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2020.02.167
  18. Guzmán, V. E. C. (2021). Leadership 4.0: Prioritization of competencies based on the challenges towards Industry 4.0 [Master’s thesis]. University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo. https://repositorio.usp.br/item/003040504
  19. Hai, S., & Park, I.-J. (2024). How and when does the career future time perspective motivate service performance? The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 35(6), 1193-1224. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2023.2266678
  20. Hao, M. J., & Yazdanifard, R. (2015). How effective leadership can facilitate change in organizations through improvement and innovation. Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 15(9). https://journalofbusiness.org/index.php/GJMBR/article/view/1737/1639
  21. Herbert, J., Ferri, L., Hernandez, B., Zamarripa, I., Hofer, K., Fazeli, M. S., Shnitsar, I., & Abdallah, K. (2023). Personality diversity in the workplace: A systematic literature review on introversion. Journal of Workplace Behavioral Health, 38(2), 165-187. https://doi.org/10.1080/15555240.2023.2192504
  22. Henderson, R. (2021). Innovation in the 21st century: Architectural change, purpose, and the challenges of our time. Management Science, 67(9), 5479-5488. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2020.3746
  23. Ibarra, H., & Scoular, A. (2019). The leader as coach: How to unleash innovation, energy, and commitment. Harvard Business Review, 3-11. https://hbr.org/2019/11/the-leader-as-coach
  24. Judge, T. A., Bono, J. E., Ilies, R., & Gerhardt, M. W. (2002). Personality and leadership: A qualitative and quantitative review. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 765-780. https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-9010.87.4.765
  25. Kelly, R. (2019). Constructing Leadership 4.0: Swarm leadership and the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Palgrave Macmillan.
  26. Kılınç, S., Hannah E., Healey R., & Cole, J. (2020). Finding meaning and purpose: A framework for the self-management of neurological conditions. Disability and Rehabilitation, 44(2), 219-230. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2020.1764115
  27. Kwiotkowska, A., Gajdzik, B., Wolniak, R., Vvinhardt, J., & Gebczynska, M. (2021). Leadership competencies in making Industry 4.0 effective: The case of Polish heat and power industry. Energies, 14(14), 4338. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14144338
  28. Leonhard, G. (2017). Technology vs. humanity: The coming clash between man and machine. Fast Future Books
  29. Leurent, H., & Shook, E. (2019). Leading through the Fourth Industrial Revolution putting people at the centre. World Economic Forum/Accenture. http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Leading_through_the_Fourth_Industrial_Revolution.pdf
  30. Li, H., Zhao, T., Li, C., & Pang, X. (2023). Linking leadership with employee creativity: Perceived organizational support as a mediator. Social Behaviour and Personality, 51(1). https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.12098
  31. Maguire, M., & Delahunt, B. (2017). Doing a thematic analysis: A practical, step-by-step guide for learning and teaching scholars. All Ireland Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 9(3), 3351-33513. https://ojs.aishe.org/index.php/aishe-j/article/view/335/553
  32. Maluleke, R. (2024). Quarterly Labour Force Survey (QLFS) Q4:2024. Statistics South Africa. https://www.statssa.gov.za/publications/P0211/Presentation%20QLFS%20Q4%202024.pdf
  33. McCrae, R. R. (2002). Cross-cultural research on the five-factor model of personality. Online readings in Psychology and Culture, 4(4). https://doi.org/10.9707/2307-0919.1038
  34. McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T., Jr. (1996). Toward a new generation of personality theories: Theoretical contexts for the five-factor model. In J. S. Wiggins (Eds.), The five-factor model of personality (pp. 51-87). Guilford Press.
  35. McKnight, P. E., & Kashdan, T. B. (2009). Purpose in life as a system that creates and sustains health and well-being: An integrative, testable theory. Review of General Psychology, 13, 242-251. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017152
  36. Merdiaty, N. (2024). Person-job fit on work engagement with meaningful work as mediator. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science, 13(1), 134-145. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v13i1.3146
  37. Mothersbaugh, D. L., & Hawkins, D. I. (2016). Consumer behavior: Building marketing strategy. McGraw-Hill.
  38. National Economic Development and Labour Council. (2019). Futures of work in South Africa. IFR. https://cdn.lgseta.co.za/resources/research_and_reports/4IR%20Resources/Futures%20of%20Work%20in%20South%20Africa_NEDLAC_2019.pdf
  39. Nai, A., & Toros, E. (2020). The peculiar personality of strongmen: Comparing the Big Five and Dark Triad traits of autocrats and non-autocrats. Political Research Exchange, 2(1), 1707697. https://doi.org/10.1080/2474736X.2019.1707697
  40. Naudé, W. (2019). Brilliant technologies and brave entrepreneurs: A new narrative for African manufacturing. Journal of Internal Affairs, 72(1), 143-158. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26588350?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
  41. Nel, C. (2009). The new economy – a revolution of leadership. Management Today, 25(4), 14-20.
  42. Ng, K.-Y., Ang, S., & Chan, K.-Y. (2008). Personality and leader effectiveness: A moderated mediation model of leadership self-efficacy, job demands, and job autonomy. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(4), 733-743. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.93.4.733
  43. Northouse, P. G. (2021). Leadership: Theory and practice (9th ed.). Sage Publications.
  44. Oberer, B., & Erkollar, A. (2018). Leadership 4.0: Digital leadership in the age of Industry 4.0. International Journal of Organizational Leadership, 7(4), 404-412. https://doi.org/10.33844/ijol.2018.60332
  45. Oosthuizen, R. M., & Mayer, C.-H. (2019). At the edge of the Fourth Industrial Revolution: Employees’ perceptions of employment equity from a CIBART perspective. South African Journal of Industrial Psychology, 45, a1695. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v45i0.1695
  46. Percy, W. H., Kostere, K., & Kostere, S. (2015). Generic qualitative research in psychology. The Qualitative Report, 20(2), 76-85. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2015.2097
  47. Petrillo, A., De Felice, F., Cioffi, R., & Zomparelli, F. (2018). Fourth Industrial Revolution: Current practices, challenges, and opportunities. In A. Petrillo, F. De Felice, R. Cioffi, & F. Zomparelli (Eds.), Digital transformation in smart manufacturing (pp. 62-70). Intech. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.72304
  48. Rasul, S. G., Por, F. P., & Kanesin, T. (2023). Multiple intelligence: Learning interactive guidebook for enhancing children’s intrapersonal and interpersonal intelligence. Dinamika Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 15(1), 46-56. https://doi.org/10.30595/dinamika.v15i1.17342
  49. Reay, T., Zafar, A., Monteiro, P., & Glaser, V. (2019). Presenting findings from qualitative research: One size does not fit all! In T. B. Zilber, J. M. Amis., & J. Mair (Eds.), The production of managerial knowledge and organizational theory: New approaches to writing, producing and consuming theory (Research in the Sociology of Organizations, Vol. 59, pp. 201-216). Emerald Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X20190000059011
  50. Rey, C., & Bastons, M. (2019). Three dimensions of purpose: Knowledge, motivation and action. In C. Rey, M. Baston, & R. Sotok (Eds.), Purpose-driven organisations: management ideas for a better world (pp. 29-41). Palgrave MacMillan.
  51. Rey, C., Malbašić, I., & Posarić, N. (2019). Congruence between personal and organizational mission: The role of balanced organizational values. Economic Thought and Practice, 27(2), 545-563. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329782467_Congruence_Between_Personal_and_Organizational_Mission_The_Role_of_Balanced_Organizational_Values
  52. Roger, D. D., & George, B. (2018, September 1). Discover your true north. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/rodgerdeanduncan/2018/09/01/discover-your-true-north/?sh=4b5e86b36988
  53. Roos, J. M., & Kazemi, A. (2022). The five-factor model of personality as a predictor of online shopping: Analyzing data from a large representative sample of Swedish internet users. Cogent Psychology, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2021.2024640
  54. Roser, C. (2015). A critical look at Industry 4.0. AllAboutLean.com. https://www.allaboutlean.com/industry-4-0/
  55. Saunders, M. N. K., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. D. (2019). Research methods for business students (8th ed.). Pearson.
  56. Savić, D. (2018). Rethinking the role of grey literature in the fourth industrial revolution. Grey Journal, 14, 7-14. https://inis.iaea.org/records/w8p05-kva73
  57. Schwab, K. (2016). The Fourth Industrial Revolution. World Economic Forum.
  58. Smith, E. E. (2017). The power of meaning: Crafting a life that matters. The Crow Publishing Group.
  59. Soto, C. J. (2020). Four confessions from a Big Fiver about a six-dimensional model of personality traits. European Journal of Personality, 34(4), 549-550.
  60. Steger, M. F. (2012). Making meaning in life. Psychology Inquiry, 23(4), 381-385. https://doi.org/10.1080/1047840X.2012.720832
  61. Steger, M. F. (2017). Creating meaning and purpose at work. In L. G. Oades, M. F. Steger, A. D. Fave, & J. Passmore (Eds.), The Wiley Blackwell handbook of the psychology of positivity and strengths-based approaches at work (pp. 60-81). Wiley and Sons.
  62. Szcześniak, M., Rodzeń, W., Malinowska, A., & Kroplewski, Z. (2020). Big Five personality traits and gratitude: The role of emotional intelligence. Psychology Research and Behaviour Management, 977-988. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S268643
  63. Teodorescu, T. (2015). Herminia Ibarra: Working identity, your personal story, strategies for reinventing your career. An extended book review. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.4872.5920
  64. Toendepi, J. (2021). The catalytic role of authentic leadership in raising consciousness in the South African social systems. Journal of Contemporary Management, 18(2). https://doi.org/10.35683/jcm20082.116
  65. Toendepi, J., & Viljoen, R. C. (2019). The importance of leadership in radical change efforts. In R. C. Viljoen, H. Van Zyl, J. Toendepi, & S. Viljoen (Eds.), Co-determination: The answer to South Africa’s industrial relations crisis (pp. 121-141). KR Publishing.
  66. Tong, A., Sainsbury, P., & Craig, J. (2007). Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): A 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 19(6), 349-357. https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzm042
  67. Triwijayati, A. (2024). Five-Factor Model (FFM) of personality toward adoption of innovative purchasing Indonesia consumer across generation. Husnayain Business Review, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.54099/hbr.v4i1.909
  68. Tulasi, D., Sigit, R. H. L., Pradana, D. W., & Ellitan, L. (2019). The role of leadership in Industrial Revolution 4.0. International Journal of Trend in Research and Development, 6(5), 97-100. https://repository.ukwms.ac.id/id/eprint/29029/4/1-The_role_of_leadership__Hasil%20Cek%20Similarity.pdf
  69. Veldsman, T. (2019). Designing fit-for-purpose organisations: A comprehensive, integrated route map. Knowledge Resources.
  70. World Economic Forum [WEF]. (2019). HR 4.0: Shaping people strategies in the Fourth Industrial Revolution. http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_NES_Whitepaper_HR4.0.pdf
  71. World Economic Forum [WEF]. (2023). Future of jobs report: Insight report 2023. https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-future-of-jobs-report-2023/
  72. West, R., & Turner, R. (2018). Interpersonal communication (4th ed.). West-Emerson College.
  73. Writer, S. (2020). This is how the world sees South Africa. https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/366660/this-is-how-the-world-sees-south-africa/
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22367/jem.2025.47.06 | Journal eISSN: 2719-9975 | Journal ISSN: 1732-1948
Language: English
Page range: 138 - 163
Submitted on: Sep 13, 2024
Accepted on: Feb 21, 2025
Published on: Mar 19, 2025
Published by: University of Economics in Katowice
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2025 Lebohang Duduzile Moloko, Joyce Toendepi, published by University of Economics in Katowice
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License.