Review: the Lutheran blood group system–1991

Poole, J.

doi:10.21307/immunohematology-2019-973

Abstract

The Lutheran blood group system, comprised of 18 antigens with four pairs of alleles at closely linked loci, is complex. This article outlines current knowledge of the Lutheran system with special reference to recent serologic, Immunochemical, and clinical findings. Immunohematology 1992;8:1–8.

References

Callender ST, Race RR. A serological and genetical study of multiple antibodies formed in response to blood transfusion by a patient with lupus erythematosus diffusus. Ann Eugen (Lond) 1946; 13:102-17.10.1111/j.1469-1809.1946.tb02346.x21001365
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cutbush M, Chanarin I. The expected blood-group antibody, anti-Lu^b. Nature (Lond) 1956;178:855-6.10.1038/178855b013369558
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Marsh WL. Anti-Lu5, anti-Lu6 and anti-Lu7. Three antibodies defining high frequency antigens related to the Lutheran blood group system. Transfusion 1972;12:27-34.10.1111/j.1537-2995.1972.tb00018.x
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
MacIlroy M, McCreary J, Stroup M. Anti-Lu8, an antibody recognising another Lutheran-related antigen. Vox Sang 1972;23:455-7.10.1111/j.1423-0410.1972.tb03835.x5077743
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Molthan L, Crawford MN, Marsh WL, Allen Jr FH. Lu9, another new antigen of the Lutheran blood-group system. Vox Sang 1973;24:468-71.10.1111/j.1423-0410.1973.tb03487.x4691240
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Judd WJ, Marsh WL, Øyen R, et al. Anti-Lu14: Lutheran antibody defining the product of an allele at the Lu8 blood group locus. Vox Sang 1977;32:214-19.10.1111/j.1423-0410.1977.tb00632.x857422
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Daniels GL, Khalid G. Identification, by immunoblotting, of the structure carrying Lutheran and para-Lutheran blood group antigens. Vox Sang 1989;57:137-41.10.1111/j.1423-0410.1989.tb01151.x2781741
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Mohr J. A search for linkage between the Lutheran blood group and other hereditary characters. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand 1951;28:207-10.10.1111/j.1699-0463.1951.tb03688.x14829286
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Mohr J. Estimation of linkage between the Lutheran and the Lewis blood groups. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand 1951;29:339-44.10.1111/j.1699-0463.1951.tb00136.x14933035
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Renwick JH, Bundey SE, Ferguson-Smith MA, Izatt MM. Confirmation of linkage of the loci for myotonic distrophy and ABH secretion. J Med Genet 1971;8:407-16.10.1136/jmg.8.4.40714690825149523
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Daniels G. The Lutheran blood group system: monoclonal antibodies, biochemistry and the effect of In(Lu). In: Pierce SR, Macpherson CR (eds). Blood group systems: Duffy, Kidd and Lutheran. Arlington, VA: American Association of Blood Banks, 1988:119-47.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Crawford MN, Greenwalt TJ, Saski T, Tippett P, Sanger R, Race RR. The phenotype Lu(a−b−) together with unconventional Kidd groups in one family. Transfusion 1961;1:228-32.10.1111/j.1537-2995.1961.tb00047.x
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Taliano V, Guevin R-M, Tippett P. The genetics of a dominant inhibitor of the Lutheran antigens. Vox Sang 1973;24:42-7.10.1111/j.1423-0410.1973.tb03855.x4682512
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Tippett P. A case of suppressed Lu^a and Lu^b antigens. Vox Sang 1971;20:378-80.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Crawford MN, Tippett P, Sanger R. The antigens Au^a, i and Pļ of the dominant type of Lu(a-b-). Vox Sang 1974;26: 283-7.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Poole J, Giles CM. Observations on the Anton antigen and antibody. Vox Sang 1982;43:220-2.10.1111/j.1423-0410.1982.tb00015.x6182694
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Daniels GL, Shaw MA, Lomas CG, Leak MR, Tippett P. The effect of In(Lu) on some high-frequency antigens. Transfusion 1986;26:171-2.10.1046/j.1537-2995.1986.26286152909.x3952792
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Spring FA, Dalchau R, Daniels GL, et al. The In^a and In^b blood group antigens are located on a glycoprotein of 80,000 MW (the CDw44 glycoprotein) whose expression is influenced by the In(Lu) gene. Immunology 1988;64:37-43.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Tippett P. Contributions of monoclonal antibodies to understanding one new and some old blood group systems. In: Garratty G, ed. Red cell antigens and antibodies. Arlington, VA: American Association of Blood Banks, 1986:83-98.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Contreras M, Tippett P. The Lu(a-b-) syndrome and an apparent upset of P₁ inheritance. Vox Sang 1974;27: 369-71.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Poole J, Levene C, Bennett M, Sela R, van Alphen L, Spruell P. A family showing inheritance of the Anton blood group antigen An Wj and independence of AnWj from Lutheran. Transfus Med 1991:1 (in press).10.1111/j.1365-3148.1991.tb00040.x9259856
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Marsh WL, Johnson CL, Mueller KA. Proposed new notation for the In(Lu) modifying gene. Transfusion 1984;24:371-2.10.1046/j.1537-2995.1984.24585017821.x6435293
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Udden MA, Umeda M, Hirano Y, Marcus DM. New abnormalities in the morphology, cell surface receptors and electrolyte metabolism of In(Lu) erythrocytes. Blood 1987; 69:52-7.10.1182/blood.V69.1.52.52
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Shaw MA, Leak MR, Daniels GL, Tippett P. The rare Lutheran blood group phenotype Lu(a-b-): a genetic study. Ann Hum Genet 1984;48:229-37.10.1111/j.1469-1809.1984.tb01019.x6465841
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gibson T. Two kindred with the rare dominant inhibitor of the Lutheran and P₁ red cell antigens. Hum Hered 1976; 26:171^.10.1159/000152801955641
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Shultz M, Fortes P, Miller A, Leu L. Use of a monoclonal antibody in determining the frequency of the In(Lu) gene (abstract). Transfusion 1985;25:449.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Brown F, Simpson S, Cornwall S, Moore BPL, Øyen R, Marsh WL. The recessive Lu(a-b-) phenotype. A family study. Vox Sang 1974;26:259-64.10.1111/j.1423-0410.1974.tb02694.x4836779
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Darnborough J, Firth R, Giles CM, Goldsmith KLG, Crawford MN. A “new” antibody anti-Lu^a Lu^b and two further examples of the genotype Lu(a−b−). Nature (Lond) 1963;198:796.10.1038/198796a0
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Myhre B, Thompson M, Anson C, Fishkin B, Carter PK. A further example of the recessive Lu(a-b-) phenotype. Vox Sang 1975;29:66-8.10.1111/j.1423-0410.1975.tb00478.x
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Melonas K, Noto TA. Anti-Lu^ab imitating a panagglutinin (abstract). Transfusion 1965;5:370.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Norman PC, Tippett P, Beal RW. An Lu(a−b−) phenotype caused by an X-linked recessive gene. Vox Sang 1986;51: 49-52.10.1111/j.1423-0410.1986.tb00208.x
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Knowles RW, Bai Y, Lomas C, Green C, Tippett P. Two monoclonal antibodies detecting high-frequency antigens absent from red cells of the dominant type of Lu(a-b-) Lu:−3 J Immunogenet 1982;9:353-7.10.1111/j.1744-313X.1982.tb00993.x
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hardman JT, Beck ML. Hemagglutination in capillaries: correlation with blood grouping specificity and IgG subclass. Transfusion 1981;21:343-6.10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21381201810.x
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Crawford MN. The Lutheran blood group system: serology and genetics. In: Pierce SR, Macpherson CR (eds). Blood group systems: Duffy, Kidd and Lutheran. Arlington, VA: American Association of Blood Banks, 1988:93-117.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Toivanen P, Hirvonen T. Antigens Duffy, Kell, Kidd, Lutheran and Xg^a on fetal red cells. Vox Sang 1973;24:372-6.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kissmeyer-Nielsen F. A further example of anti-Lu^b as a cause of a mild haemolytic disease of the newborn. Vox Sang 1960;5:517.10.1111/j.1423-0410.1960.tb04039.x
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Boulton FE. No clinical effect of Lutheran antibodies on a susceptible neonate. Vox Sang 1990;59:61.10.1111/j.1423-0410.1990.tb02118.x
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Merry AH, Gardner B, Parsons SF, Anstee DJ. Estimation of the number of binding sites for a murine monoclonal anti-Lu^b on human erythrocytes. Vox Sang 1987;53:57-60.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Issitt PD, Valinsky JE, Marsh WL, DiNapoli J, Gutgsell NS. In vivo red cell destruction by anti-Lu6. Transfusion 1990;30:258-60.10.1046/j.1537-2995.1990.30390194349.x
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Parsons SF, Mallinson G, Judson PA, Anstee DJ, Tanner MJA, Daniels GL. Evidence that the Lu^b blood group antigen is located on red cell membrane glycoproteins of 85 and 78kD. Transfusion 1987;27:61-3.10.1046/j.1537-2995.1987.27187121477.x
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Judson PA, Spring FA, Parsons SF, Anstee DJ, Mallinson G. Report on group 8 (Lutheran) antibodies. Rev Fr Transfus Immunohematol 1988;31:433-40.10.1016/S0338-4535(88)80135-1
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Daniels G. Lutheran-related antibodies. Rev Fr Transfus Immunohematol 1988;31:447-52.10.1016/S0338-4535(88)80137-5
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Daniels G, Khalid G. Identification by immunoblotting, of the structures carrying Lutheran and para-Lutheran blood group antigens. Vox Sang 1989;57:137-41.10.1111/j.1423-0410.1989.tb01151.x
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Daniels GL. Evidence that the Auberger blood group antigens are located on the Lutheran glycoproteins. Vox Sang 1990;58:56-60.10.1111/j.1423-0410.1990.tb02056.x
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Salmon C, Rouger P, Liberge G, Streiff F. A family demonstrating the independence between Lutheran and Auberger loci. Rev Fr Transfus Immunohematol 1981;24:339-43.10.1016/S0338-4535(81)80212-7
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Daniels GL, LePennec PY, Rouger P, Salmon C, Tippett P. The red cell antigens Au^a and Au^b belong to the Lutheran system. Vox Sang 1991;60:191-2.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Zelinski T, Kaita H, Johnson K, Moulds M. Genetic evidence that the gene controlling Au^b is located on chromosome 19. Vox Sang 1990;58:126-8.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Judson PA, Anstee DJ. Comparative effect of trypsin and chymotrypsin on blood group antigens. Med Lab Sci 1977;34:1-6.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Advani H, Zamor J, Judd WJ, Johnson CL, Marsh WL. Inactivation of Kell blood group antigens by 2-aminoethylisothioronium bromide. Br J Haematol 1982;51:107-15.10.1111/j.1365-2141.1982.tb07295.x7073987
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Telen MJ, Eisenbarth GS, Hynes BF. Human erythrocyte antigens. Regulation of expression of a novel erythrocyte surface antigen by the inhibitor Lutheran In(Lu) gene. J Clin Invest 1983;71:1878-86.10.1172/JCI110943
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Branch DR, Muensch HA, Sy Siok Hian AL, Petz LD. Disulphide bonds are a requirement for Kell and Cartwright (Yt^a) blood group antigen integrity. Br J Haematol 1983;54:573-8.10.1111/j.1365-2141.1983.tb02136.x6871108
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Marcus DM, Kundu SK, Suzuki A. The P blood group system: recent progress in immunochemistry and genetics. Semin Haematol 1981;18:63-71.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Anstee DJ, Mallinson G, Yendle JE, Holmes C, Tanner MJA. Evidence for the occurrence of Lu^b-active glycoproteins in human erythrocytes, kidney and liver. International Congress ISBT-BBTS Book of Abstracts 1988;263.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article

Review: the Lutheran blood group system–1991

Abstract

Paradigm

My account