A comparison of the monocyte monolayer assay with 51chromium red cell recovery for determining the clinical significance of red cell alloantibodies

Davey, R.J.; Esty, S.S; Chin, J.F.; Mallory, D.

doi:10.21307/immunohematology-2019-929

Abstract

The ⁵¹chromium (⁵¹Cr) red cell recovery study is a reliable measure of transfusion compatibility. However, the monocyte monolayer assay (MMA) does not require the use of radioactive isotopes or the injection of incompatible RBCs. In this study, ⁵¹Cr recoveries were performed on 12 patients with well-defined antibodies, and the results compared to the MMA procedure. The MMA method was interpreted by counting the percentage of monocytes with associated RBCs (>3% = positive). The MMA correlated with the ⁵¹Cr recovery in 11 of 12 subjects. One anti-K1 that caused moderately accelerated red cell destruction (60% recovery at 24 hours) had a negative MMA. Four control subjects with no atypical antibodies had normal autologous RBC ⁵¹Cr recoveries and were negative by the MMA technique. The MMA test can be a reliable predictor of in vivo antibody behavior and an acceptable alternative to ⁵¹Cr recovery studies. Immunohematology 1994;10:90–94.

References

Abramson N, Gelfand EW, Jandl JH, Rosen FS. The interaction between human monocytes and red cells: specificity for IgG subclass and IgG fragments. J Exp Med 1970;132:1208–15.10.1084/jem.132.6.120721805005511570
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Huber H, Douglas SD, Nusbacher J, Kochwa S, Rosenfield RE. IgG subclass specificity of human monocyte receptor sites. Nature 1971;229:419–20.10.1038/229419a04926996
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Mason DY. Monocyte ingestion of IgG-coated erythrocytes from haemolysing and non-haemolysing subjects. Acta Haematol 1976;55:1–9.10.1159/000207987816133
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Schanfield MS. Two methods of studying erythrocyte survival: differential agglutination tests and effector cell assays. In: Butch S, ed. Clinically significant and insignificant antibodies. Washington: American Association of Blood Banks, 1979:57–70.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hunt JS, Beck ML, Hardman JT, Tegtmeier GE, Bayer WL. Characterization of human erythrocyte alloantibodies by IgG subclass and monocyte interaction. Am J Clin Pathol 1980;74:259–64.10.1093/ajcp/74.3.2597416078
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Nance S, Garratty G. Correlations between an in vitro monocyte monolayer assay and autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) (abstract). Transfusion 1982;22:410.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Schanfield MS, Schoeppner SL, Stevens JO. New approaches to detecting clinically significant antibodies in the laboratory. In: Sandler JS, ed. Immunobiology of the erythrocyte. New York: AlanR. Liss, Inc., 1980:305–23.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Branch DR, Gallagher MT, Mison AP, Sy Siok Hian AL, Petz LD. In vitro determination of red cell alloantibody significance using an assay of monocyte-macrophage interaction with sensitized erythrocytes. Br J Haematol 1984;56:19–29.10.1111/j.1365-2141.1984.tb01268.x6704325
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Douglas R, Rowthrone NV, Schneider JV. Some quantitative aspects of the human monocyte erythrophagocytosis and rosette assays. Transfusion 1985;25:535–9.10.1046/j.1537-2995.1985.25686071425.x3934803
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Schanfield MS, Stevens JO, Bauman D. The detection of clinically significant erythrocyte alloantibodies using a human mononuclear phagocyte assay. Transfusion 1981;21:571–6.10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21582040822.x6794195
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hunt JS, Beck ML, Tegtmeier GE, Bayer WL. Factors influencing monocyte recognition of human erythrocyte autoantibodies in vitro. Transfusion 1982;22:355–8.10.1046/j.1537-2995.1982.22583017456.x6812246
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wren MR, Issitt PD. The monocyte monolayer assay and in vivo antibody activity (abstract). Transfusion 1986;26:548.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Nance SJ, Arndt P, Garratty G. Predicting the clinical significance of red cell alloantibodies using a monocyte monolayer assay. Transfusion 1987;27:449–52.10.1046/j.1537-2995.1987.27688071692.x3686653
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gallagher MT, Branch DR, Mison Λ, Petz LD. Evaluation of reticuloendothelial function in autoimmune hemolytic anemia using an in vitro assay of monocyte-macrophage interaction with sensitized erythrocytes. Exp Haematol 1983;11:82–9.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Baldwin ML, Ness PM, Barrasso C, Kickler TS, Drew H, Tsan MF, Shirey RS. In vivo studies of the long-term ⁵¹Cr red cell survival of serologically incompatible red cell units. Transfusion 1985;25:34–8.10.1046/j.1537-2995.1985.25185116499.x3969699
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Mollison PL. Blood transfusion in clinical medicine. 7th ed. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1983:781–3.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
International Committee for Standardization in Haemotology. Recommended methods for radioisotope red-cell survival studies. Br J Haematol 1980;45:659–66.10.1111/j.1365-2141.1980.tb07189.x7426443
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Polley MJ, Mollison PL. The role of complement in the detection of blood group antibodies: special reference to the antiglobulin test. Transfusion 1961;1:9–22.10.1111/j.1537-2995.1961.tb00006.x13736868
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Davey RJ, Gustafson M, Holland PV. Accelerated immune red cell destruction in the absence of serologically detectable antibodies. Transfusion 1980;20:348–53.10.1046/j.1537-2995.1980.20380214905.x6770508
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Walford RI, Taylor P. An in vivo crossmatching procedure for selected problem cases in blood banking. Transfusion 1964;4: 372-4.10.1111/j.1537-2995.1964.tb02891.x14205858
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Esty SS, Wahl T, Zawisza J, Mallory D, Davey RJ. Stimulation of antibody following ⁵¹chromium survival studies. Immunohematology 1987;3:6–8.10.21307/immunohematology-2019-1119
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kickler TS, Smith B, Bell W, Drew H, Baldwin M, Ness PM. Estimation of transfused red cell survival using an enzyme- linked antiglobulin test. Transfusion 1985;25:401–5.10.1046/j.1537-2995.1985.25586020109.x4049483
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Crabill HE, Davey RJ, AuBuchon J, Anderson G, Cupp J. Application of flow cytometry in the identification of minor red cell populations (abstract). Transfusion 1985;25:474.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Walker RH, ed. Technical manual. 11th ed. Bethesda: American Association of Blood Banks, 1993:676–8.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article

A comparison of the monocyte monolayer assay with 51chromium red cell recovery for determining the clinical significance of red cell alloantibodies

Abstract

Paradigm

My account