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Fast fourier transform based new pooling layer for deep learning Cover
Open Access
|Apr 2022

Figures & Tables

Figure 1:

Proposed pooling layer.

Figure 2:

Proposed first (FTM1) algorithm.

Figure 3:

Proposed second (FTM2) algorithm.

Figure 4:

Proposed third (FTM3) algorithm.

Figure 5:

Original images, pooled images and reconstructed images by FTM1.

Figure 6:

Accuracy of MNIST classification for proposed method.

Figure 7:

Sensitivity results for proposed method for MNIST classification.

Figure 8:

Specificity results for proposed method for MNIST classification.

Figure 9:

Training steps for MNIST classification by (FTM1) method.

Figure 10:

Accuracy results for proposed method for CIFAR 10 classification.

Figure 11:

Specificity results for proposed method for CIFAR 10 classification.

Figure 12:

Precision results for proposed method for CIFAR 10 classification.

Proposed methods results for MNIST dataset_

Method Saeedan et al. (2018) Lee et al. (2016) FTM1FTM2FTM3
Accuracy (%)98.8098.7299.95 99.84 99.96

Accuracy results for CIFAR10 dataset classification_

Method Saeedan et al. (2018) Lee et al. (2016) RFT1RFT2RFT3
Accuracy (%)72.5972.473.8873.8273.76

Performance of proposed methods_

ImagesMetrics Saeedan et al. (2018) Lee et al. (2016) FTM1FTM2FTM3
LenaSNR dB23.2824.0124.175424.160324.16785
SSIM0.78820.78930.793960.778860.78641
Correlation0.98220.98330.98460.96950.97705
CameramanSNR20.1421.8720.293520.278420.28595
SSIM0.78540.78670.78910.7740.78155
Correlation0.98140.98430.99520.98010.98765
BarbaraSNR23.6922.1327.33627.320927.32845
SSIM0.70410.70650.70920.69410.70165
Correlation0.96220.96480.96120.94610.95365
Test imageSNR28.9828.7829.3829.364929.37245
SSIM0.78320.78410.78520.77010.77765
Correlation0.99130.99220.99650.98140.98895

Confusion matrix for (FTM1) method for MNIST Classification_

Target class
Class 0Class 1Class 2Class 3Class 4Class 5Class 6Class 7Class 8Class 9Sensitivity
Output class
 Class 0 250000000000100
 Class 1 025000000000100
10% %
 Class 2 002500000000100
10% %
 Class 3 000250000000100
10% %
 Class 4 000025000000100
10% %
 Class 5 000002500000100
10% %
 Class 6 000000249000100
10% %
 Class 7 000000025000100
10% %
 Class 8 0000 0 010250099.9
10% 6%
 Class 9 000000000250100
10%%
10010010010010010010099.9100100100
%%%%%%%6%%%%

Confusion matrix for (FTM1) for CIFAR_10 classification_

Target class
airplane auto mobi birdcatdeerdogfroghourshiptrucSens
Output class
 airpla 7962968322513102257373
 autom 1082966423415786
 bird 4410599626942373213866
 cat 183615333616574310956
 deer 24375607083826555171
 dog 44109201556922974358
 frog 99466654138357178
 hours 71161238253722486
 ship 4836914964686282
 truck 38758134628188083
 specifi 79.882.359.853.371.6698373868274
Language: English
Page range: 1 - 14
Submitted on: Jul 1, 2021
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Published on: Apr 16, 2022
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2022 Aqeel Mohsin Hamad, published by Professor Subhas Chandra Mukhopadhyay
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 15 (2022): Issue 1 (January 2022)