TABLE I
DIELECTRIC CONSTANTS OF COMMON MATERIALS
| Material | Dielectric constant | Velocity (mm/ns) |
|---|---|---|
| atmosphere | 1 | 300 |
| water | 81 | 30 |
| concrete | 5-8 | 55-120 |
| Sand (dry) | 3-6 | 120-170 |
| Sand (wet) | 25-30 | 55-60 |
| pitch | 3-5 | 134-173 |

Figure 1.
GPR system detection equipment

Figure 2.
Principles of geological radar detection

Figure 3.
GPR image of tunnel ejection

Figure 4.
Structure chart Faster RCNN

Figure 5.
Structure chart of RPN

Figure 6.
Same border regression of IoU


Figure 7.
Network model training process