Reviewing Place Meaning via Users’ Emotional-Perceptual Experience

KHALEGHIMOGHADDAM, Navid; ALKAN BALA, Havva

Reviewing Place Meaning via Users’ Emotional-Perceptual Experience

Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment

Volume 14 (2021): Issue 4 (December 2021)

By:

Navid KHALEGHIMOGHADDAM

and Havva ALKAN BALA

Open Access

|Aug 2022

Figures & Tables

The base of Mehrabian and Russell model [1, 22]

Pleasure and Arousal conceived as two basic dimensions of affective responses that indicate peoples’ state of feeling proposed by Mehrabian and Russell [25] and modified by Russel and Barret [24]

Summarizing the whole procedure in the methodology [Source: Authors]

The analysis of findings related to pleasant and unpleasant places [Source: Authors]

Questions asked in the interview to find keywords related to qualitative dimensions shaping place meaning from users’ points of view [Source: Authors]

Asked questions related to each selected place of the faculty buildings

–
Does the building remind you of an old/new memory or experience? Why?
–
Does the design of the hall appeal to you? Why?
–
Is this place easily recognizable? Why?
–
Do you feel secure in this place? Why?
–
Are you satisfied with the furniture and the symbols used?

Why?
–
Are the dimensions of places and the height of the ceiling appropriate? Why?
–
Are the plan and geometry of this building well designed for an educational place? Why?

The result of Pleasant-Arousal diagram of the places of the Historical Building [Source: Authors]

Evaluated Place: Old & Historical Building (Preceptress School)	Average of The Places According to Pleasure-Arousal Diagram from the Users Point of View	Qualitative factors affecting the emotional evaluation
		Volume,Proportion & Scale,Rhythm,Geometry,Material,Color,Compatibility with,mental schema,Memorability,Security
		Material,Color,Texture,Variety,Memorability,Security
		Proportion and Scale,Rhythm,Geometry,Material,Texture,Color,Light,Sense of place,Satisfaction,Memorability,Security
		Proportion and Scale,Rhythm,Geometry,Material,Texture,Color,Light,Memorability,Security

The mean data of Pleasant-Arousal diagram of all unpleasant places of the New Building 1 [Source: Authors]

Criterion		Mood
		Excited	1.38
High Arousal	Exciting: 3.05	Happy	2.12
High Arousal	Exciting: 3.05	Elated	2.3
		Contented	6.5
		Harmonious	9.25
Low Arousal	Safe: 5.9	Safe	5.8
Low Arousal	Safe: 5.9	Calm	4.8
		Placid	8.75
		Lethargic	27.8
Low Arousal	Boring: 45.6	Bored	65
Low Arousal	Boring: 45.6	Irritated	60.8
		Frustrated	28.5
		Upset	52.3
High Arousal	Unsafe: 63.75	Distressed	63
High Arousal	Unsafe: 63.75	Tense	63.5
		Scared	76.5

The mean data of Pleasant-Arousal diagram of the pleasant places of the Historical Building [Source: Authors]

Criterion		Mood
		Excited	20
High Arousal	Exciting: 32	Happy	36.5
High Arousal	Exciting: 32	Elated	20
		Contented	52
		Harmonious	62
Low Arousal	Safe: 53	Safe	42.5
Low Arousal	Safe: 53	Calm	60
		Placid	48
		Lethargic	9
Low Arousal	Boring: 9.85	Bored	14
Low Arousal	Boring: 9.85	Irritated	9.5
		Frustrated	6.5
		Upset	8
High Arousal	Unsafe: 7.75	Distressed	3
High Arousal	Unsafe: 7.75	Tense	16.5
		Scared	2.7

The result of Pleasant-Arousal diagram of the places of the New Building 2 [Source: Authors]

Evaluated Place: New Building 2 (Sports Hall)	Average of The Places According to Pleasure-Arousal Diagram from the Users Point of View	Qualitative factors affecting the emotional evaluation
		Volume and façade,Proportion and Scale,Rhythm,Material,Color,Texture,Security
		Volume and façade,Proportion and Scale,Color,Texture,Security
		Material,Texture,Color,Light,Security
		Proportion and Scale,Material,Texture,Color,Light,Security

The average of statistical data related to interior and exterior places of faculty buildings [Source: Authors]

The Name of Place			Old Building (Preceptress School)		New Building 1 (Teachers’ rooms)		New Building 2 (Sports Hall)
Criterion		Mood	Int	Ext	Int	Ext	Int	Ext
High Activated Pleasant	Exciting	Excited	25.2	15	0.5	2.25	1	2.9
		Happy	36.3	36.5	0.5	3.75	0	0
		Elated	21.5	18	0.4	4.20	1	0
		Contented	59	44.5	0	13	1	2.7
Low Activated Pleasant	Safe	Harmony	82.5	42	0.5	8	0	0
		Safe	42	43	1.1	10.5	1	1
		Calm	51	68.5	0.6	9	1	1
		Placid	50	46	5	12.5	21	0
High Activated Unpleasant	Boring	Lethargic	11.7	6.5	38	17.5	19	45
		Bored	17.8	10	60	70	59	72
		Irritated	13.2	6	69	52.5	61.5	50
		Frustrated	8.7	4.9	32	25	22.5	43
Low Activated Unpleasant	Unsafe	Upset	10.5	5	58	46.5	52.5	45
		Distressed	3.9	2	56	70	37.5	92
		Tense	25	8.85	73	54	57.5	48
		Scared	4.9	0.5	63	89.5	44	31

The mean data of Pleasant-Arousal diagram of all unpleasant places of the New Building 2 [Source: Authors]

Criterion		Mood
		Excited	1.95
High Arousal	Exciting: 1.8	Happy	0
High Arousal	Exciting: 1.8	Elated	0.5
		Contented	1.85
		Harmonious	0
Low Arousal	Safe: 3.38	Safe	1
Low Arousal	Safe: 3.38	Calm	1
		Placid	10.5
		Lethargic	32
Low Arousal	Boring: 46.5	Bored	65.5
Low Arousal	Boring: 46.5	Irritated	56
		Frustrated	33
		Upset	49
High Arousal	Unsafe: 51	Distressed	65
High Arousal	Unsafe: 51	Tense	53
		Scared	37.5

Faculty of Architecture buildings, Selcuk University of Konya [Source: Authors]

Place	Location	View	Plan
Old & Historical Building (Preceptress School)
New Building 1 (Teachers’ Rooms)
New Building 2 (Sports Hall)

Dimensions and attributes that shape the meaning of place from users’ point of view [Source: Authors]

Old & Historical Building		New Building (Teachers’ Rooms)	New Building (Sports Hall)

Analysis Basis		Interview Quotes and Keywords	Analysis Criteria
Sensory Factor		* The historical building spaces are felt warm, intimate, and secure in terms of providing light, color, materials, and vitality. Whereas, other buildings are scary, boring and dull because of using glassy and inanimate colors, materials, and furniture.	* Color* Light* Texture* Material* Vitality
Morphological Factor (Perceptional)		* In the historical building dimensions, geometry, and aspect ratio is appropriate, but sports hall building is uniform and in terms of largeness, width, and height is so huge and makes the senses of fear, and heaviness. I desire to leave such a place.	* Volume & facade* Geometry* Proportion* Scale* Rhythm
Individual Factor	Cognitive Factor	* I like the historical building because it reminds me of the architecture of the early years of the Republic of Turkey.* Since the historical building was used as a school in the past, for us as students of architecture, it is very meaningful in terms of architectural and functional features, but other buildings are only functional and do not involved architectural qualities in terms of color, variety, etc.	* Memory* Identity* Compatibility with mental schema
Individual Factor	Behavioral Factor	* The new building and sports hall building are unpleasant due to the lack of spatial qualities and largeness. I am not satisfied and I do not feel safe. I’d like to avoid these buildings.	* Security* Satisfaction

The result of Pleasant-Arousal diagram of the places of the New Building 1 [Source: Authors]_

Evaluated Place: New Building 1 (Teachers’ Rooms)	Average of The Places According to Pleasure-Arousal Diagram from the Users Point of View	Qualitative factors affecting the emotional evaluation
		Volume and façade,Geometry,Proportion and Scale,Rhythm,Material,Color,Texture,Security
		Volume and façade,Proportion and Scale,Material,Color,Texture,Vitality
		Material,Texture,Color,Light,Vitality,Security
		Rhythm,Material,Texture,Color,Light,Vitality,Security

Dimensions forming the meaning of place derived from the interview [Source: Authors]

Dimension / Sub-Dimension		Historical Building	New Building 1 (Teachers’ Rooms)	New Building 2 (Sports Hall)	Total
Sensory Factor	Color	4.20	4.11	4.00	4.10
	Light	3.11	3.22	2.66	3.00
	Texture	4.66	3.66	4.00	4.11
	Material	4.51	4.33	3.77	4.20
	Vitality	2.66	2.70	2.11	2.49
Morphological Factor (Perceptual)	Volume & facade	4.62	4.12	4.33	4.36
	Geometry	4.33	4.00	4.11	4.15
	Proportion & Scale	4.12	3.99	4.62	4.24
	Rhythm	4.55	3.66	3.99	4.20
Individual Factor: Cognitive	Compatibility with mental schema	1.66	1.99	1.33	1.66
Individual Factor: Cognitive	Memorability	2.20	1.11	1.44	1.58
Individual Factor:Behavioral	Satisfaction	1.15	1.44	1.77	1.45

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/acee-2021-027 | Journal eISSN: 2720-6947 | Journal ISSN: 1899-0142

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Language: English

Page range: 5 - 20

Submitted on: May 12, 2021

Accepted on: Nov 9, 2021

Published on: Aug 4, 2022

Published by: Silesian University of Technology

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 times per year

Keywords:

Place meaning,

Emotional evaluation,

Emotional experience,

Pleasure-Arousal,

Environment,

Behavior

Related subjects:

Architecture and design,

Architecture,

Architects, buildings

© 2022 Navid KHALEGHIMOGHADDAM, Havva ALKAN BALA, published by Silesian University of Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 14 (2021): Issue 4 (December 2021)Next article

Reviewing Place Meaning via Users’ Emotional-Perceptual Experience

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

Figure 4.

Questions asked in the interview to find keywords related to qualitative dimensions shaping place meaning from users’ points of view [Source: Authors]

The result of Pleasant-Arousal diagram of the places of the Historical Building [Source: Authors]

The mean data of Pleasant-Arousal diagram of all unpleasant places of the New Building 1 [Source: Authors]

The mean data of Pleasant-Arousal diagram of the pleasant places of the Historical Building [Source: Authors]

The result of Pleasant-Arousal diagram of the places of the New Building 2 [Source: Authors]

The average of statistical data related to interior and exterior places of faculty buildings [Source: Authors]

The mean data of Pleasant-Arousal diagram of all unpleasant places of the New Building 2 [Source: Authors]

Faculty of Architecture buildings, Selcuk University of Konya [Source: Authors]

Dimensions and attributes that shape the meaning of place from users’ point of view [Source: Authors]

The result of Pleasant-Arousal diagram of the places of the New Building 1 [Source: Authors]_

Dimensions forming the meaning of place derived from the interview [Source: Authors]

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