Possibilities of Using Post-Consumer Wood Waste as a Fuel in a Cement Plant Cover

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Possibilities of Using Post-Consumer Wood Waste as a Fuel in a Cement Plant

Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment

Volume 11 (2018): Issue 4 (December 2018)

By: Małgorzata KAJDA-SZCZEŚNIAK, Tomasz J. JAWORSKI and Agata WAJDA

Open Access

|Mar 2022

Figures & Tables

Municipal waste management in the EU in 2016 [3]

The share of substitution of conventional fuels with alternative fuels from the waste in the cement industry [4]

The morphological composition of alternative fuels used in the cement industry, data from 2014 [17]

Preferred parameters of an alternative fuel [9]

Parameter	Unit	Value
Moisture content	%	<20
Calorific value	MJ/kg	>15
Sulphur content	%	<1

Requirements for the quality of the alternative fuel dosed to the calciner and the main burner in the selected cement plant [6]

Requirements	Unit	Cement plants status for 2017
Arsenic	ppm	< 10
Cadmium	ppm	< 20
Tal	ppm	<10
Antymony	ppm	< 50
Cobalt	ppm	< 50
Nickel	ppm	< 50
Fluoride	ppm	<100
Lead	ppm	< 250
Chromium	ppm	< 250
Copper	ppm	< 250
Manganese	ppm	< 250
Vanadium	ppm	< 250
Scrap content	%	up 0.5%

Exemplary requirements set by cement plants for alternative fuels [6]

Requirements	Unit	Cement plants status for 2008	Cement plants status for 2015	Cement plants status for 2017
Bulk density	[kg/m³]	-	-	150-200
Moisture content	[%]mas.	≤15	≤18	≤20
Ash	[%]mas.	≤20	-	<20
The calorific value of the fuel going to the calciner	[MJ/kg]	≥18	≥18.5	≥16
The calorific value of the fuel going to the main burner	[MJ/kg]	≥21	≥21	≥21
Chlorine	[%]mas.	≤0.8	< 0.7	≤0.8
Sulfur	[%]mas.	≤0.5	< 0.5	<0.5
Mercury	[mg/kg_sm]	<5	< 2	<0.5
Metal content: Sb+As+Pb+
Cr+Co+Cu+Mn+Ni+V	[mg/kg_sm]	<2500	<2500	<1000
Metal content: Cd+Th+Hg	[mg/kg_sm]	-	<10	-
Metal content: Cd + Tl	[mg/kg_sm]	< 50	-	<30

Metals content in selected wood wastes

Value	Unit	Floor panels	Door leaf
Arsenic	ppm	0.05	0.03
Cadmium	ppm	0.15	0.17
Tal	ppm	-	-
Antimony	ppm	-	-
Cobalt	ppm	1.40	0.67
Nickel	ppm	0.62	0.79
Lead	ppm	1.07	0.61
Chrome	ppm	1.74	1.53
Copper	ppm	2.24	2.84
Manganese	ppm	88.92	97.45
Vanadium	ppm	-	-
Mercury	ppm	<0.1	<0.1

Values of classification parameters for the solid derived fuels according to CEN [1, 12]

Classification Property	Designation	Unit	Classes
Classification Property	Designation	Unit	1	2	3	4	5
Net calorific value	NCV	MJ/kg ar	25	20	15	10	3
Chlorine	Cl	% d mean	0.2	0.6	1.0	1.5	3.0
Mercury	Hg	median mg/MJ ar	0.02	0.03	0.08	0.15	0.50
Mercury	Hg	80^th percentile mg/MJ ar	0.04	0.06	0.16	0.30	1.00

Physicochemical properties of selected post-consumer wood waste

Floor woodwork
Parameter	Unit	Floor panels	Silencing panels	Waterproof panles	Natural bamboo floor	Parquet floor
Carbon	%	48.64	34.02	65.90	49.68	60.00
Hydrogen	%	4.18	1.51	3.10	4.99	4.41
Oxygen	%	28.05	46.54	21.59	36.85	27.36
Nitrogen	%	12.56	6.95	0.06	0.04	0.15
Sulphur	%	0.18	0.03	0.40	0.55	0.17
Chlorine	%	0.34	0.76	0.36	0.73	p.o.
Moisture content	%	5.08	3.55	3.11	5.97	7.90
Ash content	%	0.97	6.64	5.48	1.49	0.10
Valatile parts	%	75.02	66.63	87.28	72.81	69.70
Heat of combustion	MJ/kg	19.10	18.61	27.76	16.46	20.23
Calorific value	MJ/kg	18.04	18.18	26.90	15.18	19.16

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/acee-2018-062 | Journal eISSN: 2720-6947 | Journal ISSN: 1899-0142

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Language: English

Page range: 161 - 167

Submitted on: Aug 7, 2018

Accepted on: Oct 8, 2018

Published on: Mar 2, 2022

Published by: Silesian University of Technology

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

Keywords:

Post-consumer wood waste,

Technical analysis,

Elementary analysis

Related subjects:

Architecture and design,

Architects, buildings

© 2022 Małgorzata KAJDA-SZCZEŚNIAK, Tomasz J. JAWORSKI, Agata WAJDA, published by Silesian University of Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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