Abstract
Introduction: Patients with unstable blood glucose levels require particular attention to oral hygiene due to diabetes-related symptoms and pharmacotherapies, including glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists. These agents may modify the oral environment, potentially affecting the incidence of dental and periodontal pathologies.
The aim of this study was to assess oral hygiene among patients using GLP-1 analogues, taking into account their side effects and testing the hypothesis that GLP-1 therapy might be associated with inadequate oral care.
Materials and methods: An anonymous survey (26 questions) regarding general health, oral hygiene practices, and ongoing pharmacotherapy was shared via social media groups of patients taking GLP-1 analogues. Responses concerning hygiene habits, use of dental aids, and the occurrence of oral lesions were collected and analyzed.
Results: Most respondents reported adherence to recommended oral hygiene routines. However, a noticeable increase in aphthous ulcers was observed during periods of gingivitis/periodontal disease compared to before GLP-1 analogue therapy. This could suggest that GLP-1 medications influence the oral environment, potentially exacerbating inflammatory changes when hygiene or regular dental check-ups are insufficient.
Conclusion: The findings highlight the need for more frequent dental check-ups and heightened awareness of daily oral hygiene among patients on GLP-1 therapy. Preventive measures and early intervention may help mitigate the risk of periodontal complications.