Primary Care Veteran Preferences for Receiving Information about Mental Health Services: Cross-Sectional Survey

CATEGORY/ITEM	N	MEAN	MEDIAN	SD	Z	R†
Provider
BH provider	115	3.71	4.00	1.19	5.15***	.48 (moderate)
Primary care provider	115	3.86	4.00	1.16	5.95***	.55 (moderate)
Peer	115	3.27	3.50	1.33	1.77	.17 (very low)
Nurse	115	3.33	4.00	1.21	2.47*	.54 (moderate)
Location
VA BH clinic	112	3.73	4.00	1.12	5.42 ***	.51 (moderate)
Home	112	3.34	4.00	1.13	2.74**	.26 (low)
VA primary care	112	3.72	4.00	1.04	5.68***	.54 (moderate)
Non-VA site	112	3.16	3.00	1.17	1.11	.10 (very low)
Format
Face-to-face individual	112	3.96	4.00	1.07	6.79***	.64 (strong)
Mailed self-help	111	3.14	4.00	1.22	.892	.08 (very low)
Internet	110	2.75	3.00	1.23	–2.41*	.23 (low)
Mobile application	112	2.53	3.00	1.20	–4.31***	.40 (moderate)
Telephone	112	3.21	3.00	1.18	1.52	.14 (very low)
Face-to-face group	112	2.70	3.00	1.19	–3.03**	.29 (low)
Paper self-help from doctor’s office	112	3.13	4.00	1.17	.877	.08 (very low)

[i] Notes: * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001. † Although no effect size measure specifically designed for a Wilcoxon signed-rank test currently exists, Rosenthal Correlation is the recommended measure (Mangiafico, 2016). Effect size interpretations were taken from Bartz (1999).

Table 2

Frequencies and Chi Square Results for Options Selected as “Most Preferred” Communication Options.

CATEGORY/ITEM	RECENT MENTAL HEALTHCARE		MH WITHIN GROUP COMPARISON		NO RECENT MENTAL HEALTHCARE		NO MH WITHIN GROUP COMPARISON		TOTAL SAMPLE		BETWEEN GROUP (MH VS. NO MH) COMPARISON
CATEGORY/ITEM	N	%	RES	χ²/INTERP	N	%	RES	χ²/INTERP	n	%	RES	χ²/INTERP
Provider (n = 112)				50.47***				29.41***				13.72**
BH provider	30	55.56	6.20†	More freq	25	40.32	3.66†	More freq	55	47.41	1.88
No preference	6	11.11	–1.32		16	25.81	1.09		22	18.97	1.92
Primary care provider	7	12.96	–1.00		14	22.58	0.52		21	18.10	1.25
Peer	7	12.96	–1.00		1	1.61	–3.21†	Less freq	8	6.90	2.47†	MH > no MH
Nurse	1	1.85	–2.88†	Less freq	5	8.06	–2.06†	Less freq	6	5.17	1.46
Location (n = 110)				23.38***				12.86*				17.24**
VA BH clinic	23	42.59	3.91†	More freq	13	20.97	0.41		36	31.03	2.43†	MH > no MH
Home	5	9.26	–1.67		18	29.03	1.88		23	19.83	2.76†	MH < no MH
VA primary care	13	24.07	0.81		10	16.13	–0.47		23	19.83	1.00
No preference	5	9.26	–1.67		15	24.19	1.00		20	17.24	2.21†	MH < no MH
Non-VA site	6	11.11	–1.36		2	3.23	–2.82†	Less freq	8	6.90	1.63
Format (n = 109)				138.06***				60.00***				24.42**
Face-to-face ind.	37	68.52	10.85†	More freq	28	45.16	6.74†	More freq	65	56.03	2.53†	MH > no MH
Mailed self-help	2	3.70	–1.99		11	17.74	0.89		13	11.21	2.42†	MH < no MH
Internet	3	5.56	–1.63		4	6.45	–1.53		7	6.03	0.22
No preference	0	0.00	0.00		7	11.29	–0.49		7	6.03	2.57†	MH < no MH
Mobile application	3	5.56	–1.63		4	6.45	–1.53		7	6.03	0.22
Telephone	0	0.00	0		4	6.45	–1.53		4	3.45	1.91
Face-to-face group	4	7.41	–1.26		0	0.00	–1.53		4	3.45	2.17†	MH > no MH
Paper self-help from doctor’s office	1	1.85	–2.36†	Less freq	1	1.61	–2.56†	Less freq	2	1.72	0.07

[i] Notes: MH = Mental Healthcare, Res = Residual, Interp = Interpretation, Freq = Frequently, Ind = Individual, BH = Behavioral Health.

* p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001, † Indicates a residual ±2.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21061/jvs.v8i3.340 | Journal eISSN: 2470-4768

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Language: English

Page range: 70 - 78

Submitted on: Feb 25, 2022

Accepted on: May 26, 2022

Published on: Sep 14, 2022

Published by: Virginia Tech Publishing

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Keywords:

veterans,

mental health,

primary care,

health communication,

public health,

population-based messaging,

quantitative

© 2022 Brittany Hampton, Emily M. Johnson, Katherine Buckheit, Paul Knowlton, Kyle Possemato, published by Virginia Tech Publishing
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 8 (2022): Issue 3