Autoethnographic Family Case Study: Combat Veteran PTSD and its Effects on Familial Dynamics, Parenting, and Marriage
References
- Adams, T. E., & Holman Jones, S. (2008).
Autoethnography is queer . In N. K. Denzin, Y. S. Lincoln, & L. T. Smith (Eds.), Handbook of critical and Indigenous methodologies (pp. 373–390). Sage. DOI: 10.4135/9781483385686.n18 - Adams, R. E., Urosevich, T. G., Hoffman, S. N., Kirchner, H. L., Hyacinthe, J. C., Figley, C. R., Boscarino, J. J., & Boscarino, J. A. (2017). Social support, help-seeking, and mental health outcomes among veterans in non-VA facilities: Results from the Veterans’ Health Study. Military Behavioral Health, 5(4), 393–405. DOI: 10.1080/21635781.2017.1333067
- Amato, P. R. (2010). Research on divorce: Continuing trends and new developments. Journal of Marriage and Family, 72(3), 650–666. DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-3737.2010.00723.x
- American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Author. DOI: 10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596
- Andersson, P. (2015). Quality of the relationship between origin of childhood perception of attachment and outcome of attachment associated with diagnosis of PTSD in adult Finnish War Children and Finnish Combat Veterans from World War II (1939–1945): DSM-IV applications of Attachment Theory. International Psychogeriatrics, 27(6), 1039–1048. DOI: 10.1017/S1041610215000101
- Balderrama-Durbin, C., Stanton, K., Snyder, D. K., Cigrang, J. A., Talcott, G. W., Smith Slep, A. M., Heyman, R. E., & Cassidy, D. G. (2017). The risk for marital infidelity across a year-long deployment. Journal of Family Psychology, 31(5), 629–634. DOI: 10.1037/fam0000281
- Basham, K. (2008). Homecoming as safe haven or the new front: Attachment and detachment in military couples. Clinical Social Work Journal, 36(1), 83–96. DOI: 10.1007/s10615-007-0138-9
- Becker-Blease, K. A., & Freyd, J. J. (2005). Beyond PTSD: An evolving relationship between trauma theory and family violence research. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 20(4), 403–411. DOI: 10.1177/0886260504269485
- Bell, L. G., Bell, D. C., & Nakata, Y. (2001). Triangulation and adolescent development in the US and Japan. Family Process, 40(2), 173–186. DOI: 10.1111/j.1545-5300.2001.4020100173.x
- Benoit, M., Bouthillier, D., Moss, E., Rousseau, C., & Brunet, A. (2010). Emotion regulation strategies as mediators of the association between the level of attachment security and PTSD symptoms following trauma in adulthood. Anxiety, Stress & Coping, 23(1), 101–118. DOI: 10.1080/10615800802638279
- Boszormenyi, N., & Spark, G. (1973). Invisible loyalties: Reciprocity in intergenerational family therapy. Harper & Row.
- Bowen, M. (1978). Family therapy in clinical practice. Jason Anderson.
- Bowling, U. B., & Sherman, M. D. (2008). Welcoming them home: Supporting service members and their families in navigating the tasks of reintegration. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 39(4), 7. DOI: 10.1037/0735-7028.39.4.451
- Brown, W. B., Stanulis, R., Theis, B., Fransworth, J., & Daniels, D. (2013). The perfect storm: Veterans, culture and the criminal justice system. Justice Policy Journal, 10(2), 1–44.
http://www.cjcj.org/uploads/cjcj/documents/brown_et_al_fall_2013.pdf . - Bryan, C. J., Griffith, J. E., Pace, B. T., Hinkson, K., Bryan, A. O., Clemans, T. A., & Imel, Z. E. (2015). Combat exposure and risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviors among military personnel and veterans: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 45, 633–649. DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12163
- Calhoun, P. S., Beckham, J. C., & Bosworth, H. B. (2002). Caregiver burden and psychological distress in partners of veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 15(3), 205–212. DOI: 10.1023/A:1015251210928
- Cederbaum, J. A., Wilcox, S. L., Oh, H., Sullivan, K. S., Ell, K., & Hassan, A. (2017a). The role of service member mental health and marital satisfaction in post-deployment family reintegration. Military Behavioral Health, 5(4), 364–373. DOI: 10.1080/21635781.2017.1333061
- Cederbaum, J. A., Wilcox, S. L., Sullivan, K., Lucas, C., & Schuyler, A. (2017b). The influence of social support on dyadic functioning and mental health among military personnel during post-deployment reintegration. Public Health Reports, 132(1), 85–92. DOI: 10.1177/0033354916679984
- Courier, J., Holland, J., Drescher, K., & Foy, D. (2015). Initial psychometric evaluation of the Moral Injury Questionnaire: Military version. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 22, 54–63. DOI: 10.1002/cpp.1866
- Creech, S. K., & Misca, G. (2011). Parenting with PTSD: A Review of research on the influence of PTSD on parent-child functioning in military and veteran families. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, Article 1101. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01101
- Creech, S., Hadley, W., & Bosari, B. (2014). The impact of military deployment and reintegration onchildren and parenting: A systematic Review. Professional Psychology: Research & Practice, 45(6), 452–464. DOI: 10.1037/a0035055
- Dekel, R., Goldblatt, H., Keidar, M., Solomon, Z., & Polliack, M. (2005). Being a widow of a veteran with posttraumatic stress disorder. Family Relations, 54, 24–36. DOI: 10.1111/j.0197-6664.2005.00003.x
- Drescher, K., & Foy, D. W. (2008). When they come home: Posttraumatic stress, moral injury, and spiritual consequences for veterans. Reflective Practice: Formation and Supervision in Ministry, 28, 85–102.
- Ellis, C. (2004). The ethnographic I: A methodological novel about autoethnography. AltaMira Press.
- Erbes, C. R., Meis, L. A., Polusny, M. A., & Compton, J. S. (2011). Couple adjustment and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in National Guard veterans of the Iraq war. Journal of Family Psychology, 25(4), 479–487. DOI: 10.1037/a0024007
- Frayne, S. M., Chiu, V. Y., Igbal, S., Berg, E. A., Laungani, K. J., Cronkite, R. C., Pavao, J., & Kimerling, R. (2011). Medical care needs of returning veterans with PTSD: Their other burden. Journal of General Medicine, 26, 33–39. DOI: 10.1007/s11606-010-1497-4
- Ganz, D., & Sher, L. (2013). Educating medical professionals about suicide prevention among military veterans. International Journal of Medical and Health Science, 25(3), 187–191. DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2013-0051
- Gray, M. J., Schorr, Y., Nash, W., Lebowitz, L., Amidon, A., Lansing, A., Maglione, M., Lang, A. J., & Litz, B. T. (2012). Adaptive disclosure: An open trial of a novel exposure-based intervention for service members with combat-related psychological stress injuries. Behavior Therapy, 43(2), 407–415. DOI: 10.1016/j.beth.2011.09.001
- Herzog, J. R., Everson, R. B., & Whitworth, J. (2011). Do secondary trauma symptoms in spouses of combat-exposed National Guard soldiers mediate impacts of soldiers’ trauma exposure on their children. Child Adolescent Social Work, 28, 459–473. DOI: 10.1007/s10560-011-0243-z
- Hoffmire, C. A., Kemp, J. E., & Bossarte, R. M. (2015). Changes in Suicide Mortality for Veterans and Nonveterans by Gender and History of VHA Service Use, 2000-2010. Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.), 66(9), 959–965. DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.201400031
- Holman Jones, S. (2005).
Autoethnography: Making the personal political . In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 763–791). Sage. - Hopper, L. M. (2008). Defining and understanding parentification: Implications for all counselors. The Alabama Counseling Association Journal, 34(1), 34–43.
- Jordan, K., Charles, M., Fairbank, J., Schlenger, W., Kulka, R., Hough, R., Weiss, D., & Beutler, L. E. (1992). Problems in families of male Vietnam Veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 60(6), 916–926. DOI: 10.1037//0022-006X.60.6.916
- Jurkovic, G. J. (1997). Lost childhoods: The plight of the parentified child. Brunner/Mazel.
- Kang, H. K., Bullman, T. A., Smolenski, D. J., Skopp, N. A., Gahm, G. A., & Reger, M. A. (2015). Suicide risk among 1.3 million veterans who were on active duty during the Iraq and Afghanistan wars. American Journal of Epidemiology, 25, 96–100. DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2014.11.020
- Keeling, M., Woodhead, C., & Fear, N. T. (2016) Interpretative phenomenological analysis of soldier’s experiences of being married and serving in the British Army. Marriage and Family Review, 52, 511–534. DOI: 10.1080/01494929.2015.1124353
- Kimerling, R., Street, A. E., Pavao, J., Smith, M. W., Cronkite, R. C., Holmes, T. H., & Frayne, S. M. (2010). Military-related sexual trauma among Veterans Health Administration patients returning from Afghanistan and Iraq. American Journal of Public Health, 100, 1409–1412. DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2009.171793
- Lange, G. (2009). Pilot study of reintegration and service needs for women veteran mothers (SHP08–186). US Department of Veterans Affairs.
http://www.hsrd.research.va.gov/research/abstracts.cfm?Project_ID=2141698773 - Lew, H. L., Otis, J. D., Tun, C., Kerns, R. D., Clark, M. E., & Cifu, R. X. (2009). Prevalence of chronic pain, posttraumatic stress disorder, and persistent postconcussive symptoms in OIF/OEF veterans. Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development, 46, 697–702. DOI: 10.1682/JRRD.2009.01.0006
- Litz, B., Stein, N., Delaney, E., Lebowitz, L., Nash, W., Silva, C., & Maguen, S. (2009). Moral injury and moral repair in war veterans: A preliminary model and intervention strategy. Clinical Psychology Review, 29, 695–706. DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2009.07.003
- Litz, B., T., Lebowitz, L., Gray, M. J., & Nash, W. P. (2016). Adaptive disclosure: A new treatment for military loss and moral injury. The Guilford Press.
- Lucero, R., Jones, A., & Hunsaker, C. (2018). Using internal family systems theory in the treatment of combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder and their families. Contemporary Family Therapy, 40(3), 266–75. DOI: 10.1007/s10591-017-9424-z
- Maguen, S., Metzler, T. J., Litz, B. T., Seal, K. H., Knight, S. J., & Marmar, C. R. (2009). The impact of killing in war on mental health symptoms and related functioning. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 22, 435–443. DOI: 10.1002/jts.20451
- Meadows, S. O., Tanielian, T., Karney, B., Schell, T., Griffin, B. A., Jaycox, L. H., Friedman, E. M., Trail, T. E., Beckman, R., Ramchand, R., Hengstebeck, N., Troxel, W. M., Ayer, L., & Vaughan, C. A. (2017). The deployment life study: Longitudinal analysis of military families across the deployment cycle. Rand Health Quarterly, 6(2), 7. PMID: 28845345; PMCID: PMC5568161. DOI: 10.7249/RR1388
- Meagher, R. E., & Pryer, D. A. (2018). War and moral injury. Cascade Books.
- Monson, C., Taft, C., & Fredman, S. (2009). Military-related PTSD and intimate relationships: From description to theory-driven research and intervention development. Clinical Psychology Review, 29, 707–714. DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2009.09.002
- Nash, W. P., Marino Carper, T. L., Mills, M. A., Au, T., Goldsmith, A., & Litz, B. T. (2013). Psychometric evaluation of the moral injury events scale. Military Medicine, 178(6), 646–652. DOI: 10.7205/MILMED-D-13-00017
- Reger, G. M., Harned, M., Stevens, E. S., Porter, S., Nguyen, J., & Norr, A. M. (2022). Mobile applications may be the future of veteran mental health support but do veterans know yet? A survey of app knowledge and use. Psychological Services 19(3), 480–487. DOI: 10.1037/ser0000562
- Renshaw, K. D., Rodrigues, C. S., & Jones, D. H. (2008). psychological symptoms and marital satisfaction in spouses of Operation Iraqi Freedom Veterans: Relationships with spouses’ perceptions of veterans’ experiences and symptoms. Journal of Family Psychology, 22(4), 586–594. DOI: 10.1037/0893-3200.22.3.586
- Sandage, S. J. (2010). Intergenerational suicide and family dynamics: A hermeneutic phenomenological case study. Contemporary Family Therapy, 32(2), 209–227. DOI: 10.1007/s10591-009-9102-x
- Schoenbaum, M., Kessler, R. C., Gilman, S. E., Colpe, L. J., Heeringa, S. G., Stein, M. B., Ursano, R. J., Cox, K. L., & Army STARRS Collaborators. (2014). Predictors of suicide and accident death in the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers (Army STARRS): Results from the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers (Army STARRS). Journal of American Medical Association Psychiatry, 71(5), 493–503. DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.4417
- Senecal, G., Mc Donald, M. C., LaFleur, R., & Coey, C. (2019). Examining the effect of combat excitement & diminished civilian solidarity on life satisfaction for American veterans. New Ideas in Psychology, 52, 12–17. DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2018.09.001
- Shay, J. (1994). Achilles in Vietnam: Combat trauma and the undoing of character. Simon & Schuster.
- Spry, T. (2001). Performing autoethnography: An embodied methodological praxis. Qualitative Inquiry, 7(6), 706–732. DOI: 10.1177/107780040100700605
- Steenkamp, M., Nash, W., Lebowitz, L., & Litz, B. T. (2013). How best to treat deployment-related guilt and shame: Commentary on Smith, Duax, and Rauch. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 20(4), 471–475. DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2013.05.002
- Sullivan, K., Barr, N., Kintzle, S., Gilreath, T., & Castro, C. A. (2016). PTSD and physical health symptoms among veterans: Association with child and relationship functioning. Marriage and Family Review, 52(7), 689–705. DOI: 10.1080/01494929.2016.1157122
- Teeters, J. B., Lancaster, C. L., Brown, D. G., & Back, S. E. (2017). Substance use disorders in military veterans: Prevalence and treatment challenges. Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation, 8, 69–77. DOI: 10.2147/SAR.S116720
- Titelman, P. (Ed.) (2014). Clinical applications of Bowen family systems theory. Routledge. DOI: 10.4324/9781315809717
- Titelman, P. (Ed.) (2015). Differentiation of the self: Bowen’s Family Systems theory perspectives. Routledge. DOI: 10.4324/9781315809717
- Tull, M. T., Gratz, K. L., & Chapman, A. L. (2016). The cognitive behavioral coping skills workbook for PTSD: Overcome fear and anxiety and reclaim your life. New Harbinger Publications, Inc.
- Vormbrock, J. (1993). Attachment theory as applied to wartime and job-related marital separation. Psychological Bulletin, 114(1), 22. DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.114.1.122
- Wall, P. L. (2012). Posttraumatic stress disorder and traumatic brain injury in current military populations: A critical analysis. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, 18, 278–298. DOI: 10.1177/1078390312460578
- Waszak, D. L., & Holmes, A. M. (2017). The unique health needs of post-9/11 US veterans. Workplace Health & Safety, 65(9), 430–444. DOI: 10.1177/2165079916682524
- Wisco, B., Marx, B., Mays, C., Martini, B., Krystal, J., Southwick, S., & Pietrzak, R. (2017). Moral injury in US combat veteran: Results from the national health and resilience in veterans study. Depression & Anxiety, 34(4), 340–347. DOI: 10.1002/da.22614
- Wood, D. (2016). What have we done: The moral injury of our longest wars. Little, Brown and Company.
- Worthen, M., & Ahern, J. (2014). The causes, course, and consequences of anger problems in veterans returning to civilian life. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 19(4), 355–363. DOI: 10.1080/15325024.2013.788945
- Worthington, E. L., & Sandage, S. J. (2016).
Forgiveness in couples and family therapy (pp. 223–245). Forgiveness & spirituality in psychotherapy: A relational approach. American Psychological Association. DOI: 10.1037/14712-011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21061/jvs.v8i3.309 | Journal eISSN: 2470-4768
Language: English
Page range: 140 - 150
Submitted on: Oct 5, 2021
Accepted on: Jul 18, 2022
Published on: Oct 12, 2022
Published by: Virginia Tech Publishing
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Keywords:
© 2022 Gary Senecal, Raymond Lopez Adorno, Richard LaFleur, Kathleen A. McNamara, published by Virginia Tech Publishing
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.