Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Phase change materials in passive solutions for maintaining thermal comfort in buildings Cover

Phase change materials in passive solutions for maintaining thermal comfort in buildings

Open Access
|Jul 2026

References

  1. Abass, P.J. & Muthulingam, S. (2024) Comprehensive assessment of PCM integrated roof for passive building design: A study in energo-economics. Energy and Buildings, 308, 114–128, 317(3), 114387. DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114387.
  2. Charraou, A., Errebii, M., Mourid, A., Saadani, R., Rahmoune, M. & El Alami, M. (2025) Analysis of the thermal response of a floor heating system incorporating a phase change material. Journal of Solar Energy and Sustainable Development, 14(STR2E). DOI: 10.51646/jsesd.v14istr2e.895.
  3. Diaconu, B.M. (2011) Thermal energy savings in buildings with PCM-enhanced envelope: Influence of occupancy pattern and ventilation. Energy and Buildings, 43(1), 101–107. DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.08.019.
  4. European Parliament (2024) Infographic: Greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union by sector and country. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/topics/en/article/20180301STO98928/greenhouse-gas-emissions-by-country-and-sector-infographic (access: 23.01.2026).
  5. Faraj, K., Khaled, M., Faraj, J., Hachem, F. & Castelain, C. (2021) A review on phase change materials for thermal energy storage in buildings: Heating and hybrid applications. Journal of Energy Storage, 33, 101913. DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2020.101913.
  6. IPCC (2018) Summary for Policymakers. In: Masson-Delmotte, V. et al. (Eds.) Global warming of 1.5 °C. An IPCC Special Report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 3–24. DOI: 10.1017/9781009157940.001.
  7. Kang, Z., Tan, R., Yao, Q., Zhang, J., Zhang, S. & Wei, Y. (2025) Numerical simulation of energy storage radiant floor heating systems with phase change materials having different thermophysical properties. Construction and Building Materials, 464, 140010. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140010.
  8. Koniorczyk, M., Jabłoński, M., Bednarska, D., Omrani, I.A.N., Konca, P. & Barz, T. (2024) Uncertainty analysis of PCM-enhanced systems for reliable prediction of thermal capacity using stochastic finite element method. Journal of Energy Storage, 90, Part A, 111923. DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.111923.
  9. Larwa, B., Cesari, S. & Bottarelli, M. (2021) Study on thermal performance of a PCM enhanced hydronic radiant floor heating system. Energy, 225, 120245. DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2021.120245.
  10. Larwa, B. & Kupiec, K. (2019) Study of temperature distribution in the ground. Chemical and Process Engineering, 40(1), 123–137. DOI: 10.24425/cpe.2019.126106.
  11. Mettrick, A.J. & Ma, Z. (2024) Integrating phase change materials in buildings for heating and cooling demand reduction – A global study. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 63, 105337. DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2024.105337.
  12. PN-EN 15251 Indoor environmental input parameters for design and assessment of building energy performance.
  13. Park, J. & Kim, T. (2019) Analysis of the thermal storage performance of a radiant floor heating system with a PCM. Molecules, 24(7), 1352. DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071352.
  14. Rubitherm GmbH (2024) RT21 Data Sheet. https://www.rubitherm.eu/media/products/datasheets/Techdata_-RT21_EN_09042024.PDF (access: 11.02.2026).
  15. Sharma, A., Tyagi, V.V., Chen, C.R. & Buddhi, D. (2009) Review on thermal energy storage with phase change materials and applications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 13(2), 318–345. DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2007.10.005.
  16. Sodol, K.A., Kaczmarek, Ł. & Szer, J. (2020) Fire-temperature influence on Portland and calcium sulfoaluminate blend composites. Materials, 13(22), 5230. DOI: 10.3390/ma13225230.
  17. Sodol, K.A., Kaczmarek, Ł., Szer, J., Miszczak, S. & Stegliński, M. (2021) Impact of elevated temperatures on strength properties and microstructure of calcium sulfoaluminate paste. Materials, 14(22), 6751. DOI: 10.3390/ma14226751.
  18. United Nations (2024) The Sustainable Development Goals. https://sdgs.un.org/goals (access: 2.11.2025).
  19. Zhao, M., Zhu, T., Wang, C., Chen, H. & Zhang, Y. (2016) Numerical simulation on the thermal performance of hydraulic floor heating system with phase change materials. Applied Thermal Engineering, 93, 900–907. DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.10.020.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17512/bozpe.2026.15.08 | Journal eISSN: 2544-963X | Journal ISSN: 2299-8535
Language: English
Published on: Jul 13, 2026
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2026 Artur Wirowski, Julia Wiśniewska, Paulina Kaszubska, published by Technical University in Czestochowa
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License.

AHEAD OF PRINT