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TLBO algorithm for the optimum sensor placement in barrel structures Cover

TLBO algorithm for the optimum sensor placement in barrel structures

Open Access
|Nov 2025

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1.

384-bar DLBBV: a) 3D view, b) sub-structure grouping details (own research)
384-bar DLBBV: a) 3D view, b) sub-structure grouping details (own research)

Fig. 2.

Determination of the number of sensors (own research)
Determination of the number of sensors (own research)

Fig. 3.

Convergence graph of max-MAC: a) all Runs, b) Run-5 and Run-6 (own research)
Convergence graph of max-MAC: a) all Runs, b) Run-5 and Run-6 (own research)

Fig. 4.

Optimum sensor locations (own research)
Optimum sensor locations (own research)

Fig. 5.

Optimum max-MAC value in DLBBV structure (own research)
Optimum max-MAC value in DLBBV structure (own research)

Optimum sensor locations obtained (own research)

Number of relevant modesNumber of sensorsObjective functionBest runOptimum sensor locations
2723max-MACRun-5x23, 25, 30, 35, 52, 62, 86, 88, 92
y52, 59, 71, 72, 78
z24, 28, 34, 38, 40, 53, 55, 66, 92

Cross-sectional areas of the pipe steel sections used in the 384-bar DLBBV structure (own research)

Element groupSteel pipe areaElement groupSteel pipe areaElement groupSteel pipe areaElement groupSteel pipe area
11.4800915.6000173.6800251.7000
20.66901012.8000180.6690260.6690
32.23001111.3000190.7990271.4800
40.66901211.3000201.0700281.0700
50.8810133.0200210.7990290.7990
60.88101421.3000221.7000300.7900
714.6000152.2500231.0700310.7990
815.6000164.0300241.7000

max-MAC values obtained as a result of the analysis (own research)

Runmax-MACIterationNFERunmax-MACIterationNFE
10.2881110060.32441155800
20.260863320070.2809914600
30.2992102515080.27431316600
40.273677390090.3221422150
5*0.24941427150100.2589814100
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17512/bozpe.2025.14.01 | Journal eISSN: 2544-963X | Journal ISSN: 2299-8535
Language: English
Published on: Nov 24, 2025
Published by: Technical University in Czestochowa
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2025 Maksym Grzywiński, Büşra Yakak, Barbaros Atmaca, Tayfun Dede, published by Technical University in Czestochowa
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License.

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