Extent of Crop Commercialization by Farming Households in Nigeria
| Level of crop commercialization (%) | Frequency (n = 2,240) | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| No (0.0) | 510 | 22.77 |
| Low (0.1–33.2) | 179 | 7.99 |
| Medium (33.3–66.6) | 1,036 | 46.25 |
| High (66.7–99.9) | 452 | 20.18 |
| Full (100) | 63 | 2.81 |
Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Farming Households in Nigeria
| Socio-economic variable | Frequency (n = 2,240) | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Gender | ||
| Male | 2,062 | 92.05 |
| Female | 178 | 7.95 |
| Age | ||
| ≤ 30 | 205 | 9.15 |
| 31–60 | 1,548 | 69.11 |
| 60 > | 487 | 21.74 |
| Mean = 49.6 (±14.6) | ||
| Marital status | ||
| Never married | 58 | 2.59 |
| Married | 1,951 | 87.10 |
| Divorced | 52 | 2.32 |
| Widowed | 179 | 7.99 |
| Educational level | ||
| Non-formal | 1,726 | 77.05 |
| Primary | 204 | 9.11 |
| Secondary | 89 | 3.97 |
| Tertiary | 221 | 9.87 |
| Sector | ||
| Urban | 658 | 29.38 |
| Rural | 1582 | 70.63 |
| Geopolitical Zone | ||
| North Central | 286 | 12.77 |
| North East | 440 | 19.64 |
| North West | 752 | 33.57 |
| South East | 148 | 6.61 |
| South South | 229 | 10.22 |
| South West | 385 | 17.19 |
Land Documents held by Farming Households in Nigeria
| Variable | Frequency (n = 2,240) | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Land document held | ||
| Title deed | 1,317 | 50.46 |
| Certificate of occupancy | 252 | 9.66 |
| Customary certificate of occupancy | 250 | 9.58 |
| Right of occupancy | 322 | 12.34 |
| Survey plan | 339 | 12.99 |
| Rental contract | 87 | 3.33 |
| Lease registered | 43 | 1.65 |
| Likelihood of losing ownership in land | ||
| Not at all likely | 1,605 | 71.65 |
| Slightly likely | 123 | 5.49 |
| Moderately likely | 48 | 2.14 |
| Very likely | 378 | 16.88 |
| Extremely likely | 86 | 3.84 |
Categories of Land Documents Held by Farming Households in Nigeria
| Categories of land document | Frequency (n = 2,240) | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Legally Recognized Land Documents | ||
| Title deed | 1,317 | 50.46 |
| Certificate of occupancy | 252 | 9.66 |
| Customary certificate of occupancy | 250 | 9.58 |
| Total | 1,819 | 69.70 |
| Customarily Recognized Land Documents | ||
| Right of occupancy | 322 | 12.34 |
| Survey plan | 339 | 12.99 |
| Total | 661 | 25.33 |
| Temporary Land Document | ||
| Rental contract | 87 | 3.33 |
| Lease registered | 43 | 1.65 |
| Total | 130 | 4.98 |
Tobit Regression Results of Land Documents and Crop Commercialization
| Independent variables | Coefficient | Standard Error | t | P>|t| |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Title Deed | 8.790469*** | 2.367253 | 3.71 | 0.000 |
| Certificate of Occupancy | 2.892826 | 2.83328 | 1.02 | 0.307 |
| Customary Certificate of O | 6.784885** | 2.871122 | 2.36 | 0.018 |
| Right of Occupancy | 7.230951*** | 2.734733 | 2.64 | 0.008 |
| Survey Plan | 1.567915 | 2.659828 | 0.59 | 0.556 |
| Rental Contract | 14.45928*** | 4.837537 | 2.99 | 0.003 |
| Lease Registered | 21.63786*** | 6.167731 | 3.51 | 0.000 |
| Right to sell | 8.997115*** | 3.464391 | 2.60 | 0.009 |
| Right to Bequeath | –10.06622** | 3.989786 | –2.52 | 0.012 |
| Constant | 36.15185*** | 11.45485 | 3.16 | 0.002 |
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