Marketing margin of fresh tomato marketing
| Price | Amount (N/kg) |
|---|---|
| Purchase | 190.35 |
| Selling | 260.85 |
| Marketing margin (%) | 27.03 |
Distribution of the constraints associated with fresh tomato marketing
| Constraints | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|
| Lack of formal credit | 34 |
| High transportation cost | 27 |
| Inadequate storage facilities | 18 |
| Inadequate processing industries | 11 |
| Seasonality | 6 |
| Lack of market facilities | 4 |
Cost and return analysis of fresh tomato marketing (₦/kg)
| Cost item | Mean (N) | Percentage of total cost (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Variable cost | ||
| Cost of purchase | 114,560.30 | 90.4 |
| Transportation | 4,661.80 | 3.7 |
| Levies | 570.50 | 0.4 |
| Labour | 1500.33 | 1.2 |
| Rent of stall | 2,800.00 | 2.2 |
| Marketing materials | 2,650 | 2.1 |
| Total Variable Cost (TVC) | 126,742.93 | |
| Total Cost (TC) | 126,742.93 | |
| Returns | ||
| Gross Revenue (GR) | 181,845.38 | |
| Return/Naira Invested (GR/TC) | 1.43 | |
| Gross margin | 55,102.45 |
Socio-economic characteristics of respondents
| Variables | Frequency | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Age (in yrs) | ||
| ≤ 30 | 36 | 15.0 |
| 31–40 | 88 | 36.7 |
| 41–50 | 82 | 34.2 |
| 51–60 | 30 | 12.5 |
| > 60 | 4 | 1.6 |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 56 | 23.3 |
| Female | 184 | 76.7 |
| Marital status | ||
| Single | 10 | 4.2 |
| Married | 204 | 85.0 |
| Divorced | 26 | 10.8 |
| Household size | ||
| 1–4 | 80 | 33.3 |
| 5–8 | 130 | 54.2 |
| > 8 | 30 | 2.5 |
| Educational level | ||
| No formal | 34 | 14.2 |
| Primary | 124 | 51.6 |
| Secondary | 78 | 32.5 |
| Tertiary | 4 | 1.7 |
| Marketing experience | ||
| ≤ 10 | 114 | 37.5 |
| 11–20 | 68 | 28.3 |
| 21–30 | 42 | 22.5 |
| > 30 | 16 | 11.7 |
| Source of capital | ||
| Personal savings | 70 | 11.8 |
| Bank loan | 8 | 1.4 |
| Cooperative loan | 18 | 61.1 |
| Family | 144 | 25.7 |
Linear regression result of the determinants of quantity of fresh tomatoes purchased for sale
| Variables | Coefficient | t-ratio |
|---|---|---|
| Gender | –0.147* (0.332) | –2.761 |
| Education | 0.144** (0.096) | 3.212 |
| Purchase price | –0.003** (0.000) | 2.010 |
| Transportation cost | –0.001*** (0.000) | 2.129 |
| Marketing experience | 0.122* (0.051) | 1.231 |
| Constant | 2.601* (1.282) | 1.711 |
| R2 | 0.761 | |
| F | 33.358*** | 11.123 |