Table 1
Studies included: Interest inventories, sample size by gender, age and year data was collected.
| Inventory | Reference | N | Age | Year collected | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | F | M | ||||
| Imported Inventories | ||||||
| SII (94) | Einarsdóttir, 2001 | 1579 | 1101 | 478 | 23.5 | 1996–2000 |
| SII (85) | Einarsdóttir et al., 2002 | 449 | 321 | 128 | 23.5 | 1993–1995 |
| SDS | Einarsdóttir et al., 2002 | 438 | 311 | 127 | 24.0 | 1994 |
| SDS | Scheving-Thorsteins, 2004 | 716 | 422 | 294 | 18.2 | 2003–2004 |
| CE | Scheving-Thorsteins, 2009 | 1104 | 587 | 555 | 14,5 | 2003–2004 |
| Indigenous Inventories | ||||||
| Bendill-1 | Einarsdóttir et al., 2007 | 485 | 228 | 257 | 15.3 | 2006 |
| Bendill-2 | Einarsdóttir et al., 2007 | 1368 | 699 | 669 | 17.9 | 2006 |
| Bendill-3 | Einarsdóttir et al., 2013 | 2218 | 1621 | 597 | 28,7 | 2008 |
| Bendill-4* | Valsdóttir, 2009 | 317 | 193 | 124 | 38,0 | 2008 |
| Bendill-4 | Pétursdóttir et al., n.d. | 820 | 453 | 367 | 41,6 | 2018 |
Table 2
Summary of the Results of Model-Data fit using Randomization Test across Gender, Age and Inventories.
| Age – sample type | Correspondence Index (CI) and N | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Females | Males | Combined | ||||
| Career Explorer (Einarsdóttir et al, 2009) | ||||||
| 13–14 Compulsory education | .11 | 303 | .19 | 262 | .24 | 565 |
| 15–16 Compulsory education | .25 | 284 | .19 | 255 | .14 | 539 |
| Self-Directed Search (Thorsteinsson, 2004; Einarsdóttir et al., 2002) | ||||||
| 16–17 Upper secondary | .46 | 239 | .39 | 224 | .49 | 463 |
| 18–20+ Upper secondary | .75 | 316 | .83 | 217 | .85 | 533 |
| 20–30+ University | .69 | 311 | .58 | 127 | – | – |
| Strong Interest Inventory (Einarsdóttir et al., 2002) | ||||||
| 20–30 University | .72 | 321 | .62 | 128 | – | – |
| Icelandic Interest Inventory (Einarsdóttir & Rounds, 2013) | ||||||
| 15–16 Compulsory education | .67 | 228 | .32 | 257 | .65 | 485 |
| 16–17 Upper secondary | .44 | 370 | .43 | 399 | .53 | 769 |
| 18–20+ Upper secondary | .75 | 329 | .64 | 270 | .65 | 599 |
| 20–30+ University | .63 | 1621 | .82 | 597 | .72 | 2218 |
| 18–61 Working adults | .49 | 453 | .60 | 367 | .65 | 820 |
| 18–70 Working adults* | .84 | 193 | .51 | 124 | .84 | 317 |
Figure 1
Change in fit across gender by age groups using imported interest inventories (CE, SDS).
Figure 2
Change in fit across age groups by gender using Icelandic interest inventories (III).
Figure 3
Gender differences in RIASEC scales by sample and inventory.
Table 3
Effects sizes for gender differences in the RIASEC scales by sample and inventory.
| Inventory – sample | R | I | A | S | E | C |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imported inventories | ||||||
| SDS upper secondary | –.92 | –.25 | .31 | .62 | –.27 | .02 |
| SDS university | –.84 | –.55 | .06 | .41 | –.34 | .24 |
| SII (85) university | –.75 | –.22 | .34 | .56 | –.40 | –.23 |
| SII (94) university | –.80 | –.30 | .39 | .49 | –.16 | .13 |
| Indigenous inventory | ||||||
| III-1 compulsory education | –.82 | –.32 | .34 | .83 | –.17 | –.43 |
| III-2 upper secondary | –.77 | –.12 | .34 | .87 | –.07 | –.18 |
| III-3 university | –.62 | –.13 | .13 | .63 | –.24 | –.08 |
| III-4 working adults | –.83 | –.28 | –.05 | .41 | –.20 | –.08 |
| III-4 working adults* | –.79 | –.10 | .01 | .54 | –.13 | .05 |
[i] * Adults who have completed compulsory education or skilled trades.
Table 4
Effects sizes for gender differences in Basic interest scales among university students and working adults by inventory.
| University students | Working adults | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BIS _Strong (94) | I-BIS 35 | I-BIS 35 | ||
| Realistic | ||||
| Agriculture | –.31 | Farming/husbandry | .06 | –.29 |
| Athletics | –.76 | Sports/health | –.16 | –.22 |
| Mechanical Activity | –.85 | Driving/operations | –.54 | –.81 |
| Nature | .18 | |||
| Military Activity | –.73 | |||
| Electrics/mechanics | –.74 | –.97 | ||
| Construction | –.51 | –.78 | ||
| Carpentry/maintenance | –.17 | –.58 | ||
| Fishing | –.54 | –.80 | ||
| Fish processing | –.24 | –.49 | ||
| Manual services | .15 | –.03 | ||
| Protective/rescue | –.43 | –.50 | ||
| Investigative | ||||
| Science | –.45 | Natural sciences | –.19 | –.40 |
| Mathematics | –.31 | Mathematics | –.54 | –.56 |
| Medical Science | .00 | Life/medical sciences | .08 | –.05 |
| Engineering | –.74 | –.82 | ||
| Artistic | ||||
| Music/Dramatics | .34 | Performing arts | .23 | .07 |
| Art | .54 | Visual arts | .23 | –.11 |
| Applied Art | .16 | Arts/crafts | 1.19 | .61 |
| Writing | .05 | Creative writing | .00 | –.14 |
| Culinary Arts | .56 | |||
| Humanities | .24 | .05 | ||
| Media | –.20 | –.35 | ||
| Social | ||||
| Teaching | .24 | Teaching | .53 | .29 |
| Social Services | .60 | Counseling/therapy | .60 | .35 |
| Medical Services | .39 | Medical services | .52 | .33 |
| Religious Activity | .06 | |||
| Social/educa. sciences | .57 | .29 | ||
| Personal services | .87 | .54 | ||
| Enterprising | ||||
| Law/Politics | –.37 | Law | –.21 | –.19 |
| Public Speaking | –.28 | Politics | –.29 | –.35 |
| Merchandising | –.06 | Business | –.44 | –.30 |
| Sales | –.37 | Sales | –.33 | –.42 |
| Organizational | Human resource man. | .14 | .17 | |
| Management | –.20 | |||
| Finances | –.54 | .40 | ||
| Conventional | ||||
| Data Management | –.27 | |||
| Computer Activities | –.28 | Computers | –.67 | –.66 |
| Office Services | .41 | Office work | .29 | .27 |
| Service/retail | .18 | .03 | ||
| Stocks/delivery | –.03 | –.15 | ||