Risk Factors for Intracranial Hemorrhage

Risk factors for nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in 85 children identified, 2000-2007, were studied retrospectively at Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH. Median age at presentation was 7 years (range, 7 days to 17 years), with 27 children 2 years or younger; 54 boys and 31 girls, sex ratio, 1.7:1. Location of hemorrhage was subarachnoid in 10, intraparenchymal in 61 (50 supratentorial, 11 infratentorial), and subdural in 14 children. Risk factors were intracranial vascular anomalies in 24 (AVM 11), congenital heart disease in 14, and brain tumor in 13. Infection was associated in 5 (6%) cases, and coagulation factor deficiencies in 4 (5%). Mortality was 34%, Of 48 survivors with follow-up information, 26 (54%) had no deficits; 22 had mild to severe deficits. [1]