Abstract
This research indicated that one cave fish species of Oreonectes jiarongensis can recover the transparent to black under the light condition, this species belongs to the Oreonectes, Nemacheilinae, and distributes in Libo County, Guizhou Province, China. The changing process time was 14 days. This is the first time that suggests the cave vertebrates which lived in the dark environment not longer time could change the body color in the light environment, and has a new adaptive strategy for the darkness condition. The result may indicate that this species entrance the underground river not so long time, and the genes not mutation, which control the melanin express, it still has the physiological regulation mechanism under the light condition.