Table 1
Number of positive swabs in different groups in two consecutive years.
| Nursing home residents | Elderly domestic environment | Adults < 65 years | |
|---|---|---|---|
| First year | 2 (1.3%) n=151 | 1 (0.7%) n=150 | 2 (5.3%) n=38 |
| Second year | 2 (1.6%) n=129 | 1 (1%) n=104 | 3 (8.8%) n=34* |
Table 2
Characteristics of participants with positive swab result and S. pneumoniae serotypes in the first year.
| Participant Nr. 1 | Participant Nr. 2 | Participant Nr. 3 | Participant Nr. 4 | Participant Nr. 5 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 88 years | 78 years | 80 years | 47 years | 58 years |
| Gender | Female | Male | Female | Male | Male |
| Group | Nursing Home | Nursing Home | Domestic Environment | Adults <65 years | Adults <65 years |
| Influenza vaccinationa | No | Yes | No | No | No |
| Pneumococcal vaccinationb | No | Yes | No | No | No |
| Antibiotics 3 months prior to swab | No | No | No | No | Yes |
| Preschool children contacts | No | No | No | No | Yes |
| Corticosteroid treatmentc | No | Yes | No | No | Yes |
| 1 chronic illness | / | / | / | No | Yes |
| 2 chronic illnesses | / | / | Yes | No | / |
| ≥ 3 chronic illnesses | Yes | Yes | / | No | / |
| S. pneumoniae serotype | NT | 6B | NT | 35F | NT |
| Death after the first year | No | Yes | No | No | No |
| Second swab refusal | No | / | No | No | No |
NT, non-typeable; /, not applicable
Table 3
Characteristics of participants with positive swab result and S. pneumoniae serotypes in the first year.
| Participant Nr. 1’ | Participant Nr. 2’ | Participant Nr. 3’ | Participant Nr. 4’ | Participant Nr. 5’ | Participant Nr. 6’ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 86 years | 77 years | 80 years | 47 years | 58 years | 60 years |
| Gender | Male | Female | Female | Male | Male | Female |
| Group | Nursing Home | Nursing Home | Domestic Environment | Adults <65 years | Adults <65 years | Adults <65 years |
| Influenza vaccinationa | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Pneumococcal vaccinationb | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Antibiotics 3 months prior to swab | No | No | No | No | Yes | No |
| Preschool children contacts | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
| Corticosteroid treatmentc | No | No | No | No | Yes | No |
| 1 chronic illness | / | / | / | No | Yes | No |
| 2 chronic illnesses | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | / | No |
| ≥ 3 chronic illnesses | / | / | / | No | / | No |
| S. pneumoniae serotype | 6B | 9N | 6A | 35F | 18C | 3 |
/, not applicable
Table 4
Characteristics of participants with negative swab results in two consecutive years.
| Nursing home residents | Elderly domestic environment | Adults <65 years | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First year | Second year | First year | Second year | First year | Second year | ||
| Influenza vaccinationa | Yes | 50 (33.6%)* | 23 (18.1%) | 31 (20.8%) | 20 (19.4%) | 2 (5.6%) | 2 (6.4%) |
| No | 99 (66.4%) | 63 (49.6%) | 118 (79.2%) | 56 (54.4%) | 34 (94.4%)* | 28 (90.3%) | |
| Unknown | / | 41 (32.3%) | / | 27 (26.2%) | / | 1 (3.3%) | |
| Pneumococcal vaccinationb | Yes | 4 (2.7%) | 4 (3.1%) | 9 (6%) | 8 (7.8%) | 0 | / |
| No | 145 (97.3%) | 123 (96.9%) | 139 (93.3%) | 94 (91.2%) | 36 (100%) | 31 (100%) | |
| Unknown | / | / | 1 (0.7%) | 1 (1%) | / | / | |
| Antibiotics 3 months | Yes | 43 (28.9%)* | 37 (29.1%) | 19 (12.8%)* | 12 (11.7%) | 5 (13.9%) | 4 (12.9%) |
| prior to swab | No | 106 (71.1%) | 90 (70.9%) | 130 (87.2%) | 91 (88.3%) | 31 (86.1%) | 27 (87.1%) |
| Unknown | / | / | / | / | / | / | |
| Preschool children contacts | Yes | 29 (19.5%) | 26 (20.5%) | 38 (25.5%) | 28 (27.2%) | 14 (38.9%) | 12 (38.7%) |
| No | 119 (79.9%) | 100 (78.7%) | 111 (74.5%) | 75 (72.8%) | 22 (61.1%) | 19 (61.3%) | |
| Unknown | 1 (0.6%) | 1 (0.8%) | / | / | / | / | |
| Corticosteroid treatmentc | Yes | 9 (6%) | 6 (4.7%) | 6 (4%) | 4 (3.9%) | 0 | / |
| No | 140 (94%) | 121 (95.3%) | 143 (96%) | 99 (96.1%) | 36 (100%) | 31 (100%) | |
| Unknown | / | / | / | / | / | / | |
| 1 chronic illness | Yes | 38 (25.5%) | 35 (27.6%) | 64 (43%) | 43 (41.7%) | 11 (30.6%) | 10 (32.3%) |
| 2 chronic Illnesses | Yes | 50 (33.6%) | 42 (33.1%) | 43 (28.9%) | 28 (27.2%) | 5 (13.9%) | 4 (12.9%) |
| ≥ 3 chronic illnesses | Yes | 47 (31.6%)* | 38 (29.9%) | 21 (14.1%) | 14 (13.6%) | 4 (11.1%) | 3 (9.7%) |
| Death after the first year | Yes | 19 (12.8%)* | 8 (5.4%) | 1 (2.8%) | |||
| No | 130 (87.2%) | 141 (94.6%) | 35 (97.2%) | ||||
| Second swab refusal | Yes | 1 (0.7%) | 38 (25.6%)* | 3 (11.2%) | |||
| No | 148 (99.3%) | 111 (74.4%) | 32 (88.8%) | ||||
a in the previous season, b in the last 5 years, c in the last month