GQOL in relation to variables: age, time after injury and secondary health conditions_
| Variables | Athletes | Non-athletes | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | Female | Male | Female | |||||
| r | P-level | r | P-level | r | P-level | r | P-level | |
| Age | -0.325 | NS | -0.702 | NS | -0.028 | NS | -0.043 | NS |
| Time of injury | -0.342 | NS | -0.219 | NS | -0.008 | NS | 0.151 | NS |
| Pressure ulcers | -0.186 | NS | -0.447 | NS | 0.070 | NS | 0.707 | NS |
| Urinary infections | -0.377 | NS | -0.447 | NS | -0.211 | NS | - | . |
| Muscle spasms | 0.246 | NS | 0.707 | NS | -0.284 | NS | - | - |
| Osteoporosis | - | - | -0.447 | NS | - | - | 0.000 | NS |
| Pain | -0.211 | NS | - | - | 0.041 | NS | 0.707 | NS |
| Kidney problems (infections, calculosis) | -0.545 | 0.019 P<0.05 | - | - | -0.122 | NS | 0.000 | NS |
| Poor circulation | 0.042 | 0.042 | - | - | 0.220 | NS | 0.000 | NS |
The presence of secondary health conditions in persons with SCI who are involved in sports acticities in comparison to those who are not involved in sports activities_
| Parameters | Athletes | Non-athletes | MANOVA |
|---|---|---|---|
| SHC Secondary health conditions | |||
| Pressure ulcers | 7 (26.9%) | 10 (55.6%) | p=0.057 |
| Urinary infections | 18 (69.2%) | 12 (66.7%) | p=0.862 |
| Muscle spasms | 8 (30.8%) | 5 (27.8%) | p=0.835 |
| Osteoporosis | 1 (3.8%) | 2 (11.1%) | p=0.359 |
| Pain | 3 (11.5%) | 7 (38.9%) | p=0.034 |
| Kidney problems (infections, calculosis) | 3 (11.5%) | 4 (22.2%) | p=0.352 |
| Poor circulation | 1 (3.8%) | 5 (27.8%) | p=0.023 |
The characteristics of the participants, both athletes and non-athletes_
| Parameters | Athletes | Non-athletes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Level of injury, n (%) | |||
| Thoracic | 15 (57.7%) | 10 (55.6%) | |
| Lumbar | 11 (42.3%) | 8 (44.4%) | |
| ASIA ASIA – American Spinal Injury Association | |||
| A (complete) | 16 (61.5%) | 11 (61.1%) | χ2 test |
| B (incomplete) | 4 (15.4%) | 3 (16.7%) | χ2=2.27 |
| C (incomplete) | 6 (23.1%) | 4 (22.2%) | p=0.132 |
| Sex, n (%) | |||
| Male | 19 (73.1%) | 13 (72.2%) | χ2 test |
| Female | 7 (26.9%) | 5 (27.8%) | χ2=1.45 |
| Total | 26 (100%) | 18 (100%) | p=0.228 |
| Age, x̄±SD (years) | MANOVA | ||
| Male | 35.9±6.5 | 48.8±7 | p=0.000 |
| Female | 43.2±8.5 | 43.4±13.2 | p=0.978 |
| Time after injury x̄±SD (years) | |||
| Male | 14.2±6.7 | 22.5±8.8 | p=0.005 |
| Female | 19.8±0.5 | 24.5±16.7 | p=0.461 |
The type of sport, number of training sessions on a weekly basis and years of training of athletes with SCI_
| Parameters | Male | Female | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Type of sport, n (%) | |||
| Athletics | 7 (26.9%) | - | 7 (26.9%) |
| Basketball wheelchair | 9 (34.6%) | - | 9 (34.6%) |
| Shooting | - | 3 (11.5%) | 3 (11.5%) |
| Bicycling | 1 (3.8%) | - | 1 (3.8%) |
| Archery | 1 (3.8%) | 2 (7.7%) | 3 (11.5%) |
| Table tennis | - | 2 (7.7%) | 2 (7.7%) |
| Body building | 1 (3.8%) | - | 1 (3.8%) |
| Total | 19 (73.1%) | 7 (26.9%) | 26 (100%) |
| Number of training sessions/weekly, n (%) | |||
| 2-3 x (basketball wheelchair, table tennis, bicycling) | 10 (38.4%) | 2 (7.7%) | 12 (46.1%) |
| 4-5 x (archery, shooting) | 1 (3.8%) | 5 (19.2%) | 6 (23.1%) |
| 6-7 x (body building) | 1 (3.8%) | - | 1 (3.8%) |
| 8-12 x (athletics) | 7 (26.9%) | - | 7 (26.9%) |
| Total | 19 (73.1%) | 7 (26.9%) | 26 (100%) |
| Years of training | |||
| (Total) | 9.2±5 | 9.9±3.1 | 9.4±4.5 |
SCI QL-23 results of the participants who are involved in sports activities, compared to those who are not involved in sports activities_
| Parameters | Athletes | Non-athletes | MANOVA |
|---|---|---|---|
| FUNC, x̄±SD (the lower the better) | |||
| Male | 10.40±10.84 | 45±15.79 | p=0.000 |
| Female | 10.95±10.03 | 61.28±5.12 | p=0.000 |
| MOOD, x̄±SD (the lower the better) | |||
| Male | 7.72±9.47 | 36.57±26.67 | p=0.000 |
| Female | 7.41±7.63 | 58.33±12.73 | p=0.000 |
| PROB, x̄±SD (the lower the better) | |||
| Male | 31.79±18.87 | 67.59±18.68 | p=0.000 |
| Female | 30.56±22.85 | 73.61±18.16 | p=0.006 |
| GQOL, x̄±SD (the lower the better) | |||
| Male | 80.56±15.96 | 48.61±19.79 | p=0.000 |
| Female | 83.33±16.67 | 33.33±11.78 | p=0.000 |