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Improvement and predictive modeling of the mechanical performance of waste fire clay blended concrete Cover

Improvement and predictive modeling of the mechanical performance of waste fire clay blended concrete

Open Access
|Jun 2025

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Flow chart.
Flow chart.

Figure 2

Samples: (a) CS test, (b) STS test, and (c) FS test.
Samples: (a) CS test, (b) STS test, and (c) FS test.

Figure 3

Slump values.
Slump values.

Figure 4

Results of CS.
Results of CS.

Figure 5

STS tests.
STS tests.

Figure 6

Results of STS.
Results of STS.

Figure 7

STS comparison by the use of CS for aggregate and cement replacements.
STS comparison by the use of CS for aggregate and cement replacements.

Figure 8

FS test.
FS test.

Figure 9

Effect of FS.
Effect of FS.

Figure 10

Investigational test and theoretical ACI 318 and EC2 values.
Investigational test and theoretical ACI 318 and EC2 values.

Figure 11

Proposed vs actual STS.
Proposed vs actual STS.

Figure 12

Assessment of the CS of the concrete with WFC as an incomplete substitute for FA.
Assessment of the CS of the concrete with WFC as an incomplete substitute for FA.

Figure 13

Assessment of the STS of the concrete with WFC as an incomplete substitute for FA.
Assessment of the STS of the concrete with WFC as an incomplete substitute for FA.

Figure 14

Assessment of the FS of the concrete with WFC as an incomplete substitute for FA.
Assessment of the FS of the concrete with WFC as an incomplete substitute for FA.

Figure 15

Assessment of the CS of the concrete produced with WFC as a partial replacement for cement.
Assessment of the CS of the concrete produced with WFC as a partial replacement for cement.

Figure 16

Assessment of the STS of the concrete with WFC as an incomplete substitute for cement.
Assessment of the STS of the concrete with WFC as an incomplete substitute for cement.

Figure 17

Assessment of the FS of the concrete with WFC as an incomplete substitute for cement.
Assessment of the FS of the concrete with WFC as an incomplete substitute for cement.

Figure 18

Predicted CS (MPa) from the ARX model and test results.
Predicted CS (MPa) from the ARX model and test results.

Figure 19

Predicted STS (MPa) from the ARX model and test results.
Predicted STS (MPa) from the ARX model and test results.

Figure 20

Predicted FS (MPa) from the ARX model and test results.
Predicted FS (MPa) from the ARX model and test results.

Figure 21

SEM analysis results.
SEM analysis results.

Coefficients used in Eq_ (10)

Capacities (f) a 1 a 2
Concrete with WFC as a partial replacement for FA f c 0.008−0.0002
f s 0.009−0.0002
f f 0.015−0.0003

Coefficients used in Eq_ (11)

Capacities (f) a 3
Concrete with WFC as a partial replacement for cement f c −0.0080
f s −0.0075
f f −0.0055
Language: English
Submitted on: Feb 20, 2025
Accepted on: May 5, 2025
Published on: Jun 20, 2025
Published by: Sciendo
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 2025 Yasin Onuralp Özkılıç, Özer Zeybek, Memduh Karalar, Ali İhsan Çelik, Essam Althaqafi, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.