From Urban Geodiversity to Geoheritage: The Case of Ljubljana (Slovenia)

Jure Tičar; Blaž Komac; Matija Zorn; Mateja Ferk; Mauro Hrvatin; Rok Ciglič

doi:10.1515/quageo-2017-0023

.blurhash-client-img { display: none !important; }

From Urban Geodiversity to Geoheritage: The Case of Ljubljana (Slovenia)

Quaestiones Geographicae

Volume 36 (2017): Issue 3 (September 2017)

By: Jure Tičar, Blaž Komac, Matija Zorn, Mateja Ferk, Mauro Hrvatin and Rok Ciglič

Open Access

|Sep 2017

Abstract

The city of Ljubljana lies at the intersection of various geomorphological regions that have strongly influenced its spatial organization. Prehistoric settlements were built on marshland, a Roman town was built on the first river terrace of the Ljubljanica River, and in the Middle Ages a town was built in a strategic position between the Ljubljanica River and Castle Hill. The modern city absorbed all usable space between the nearby hills. This paper reviews some relief features in Ljubljana, their influence on the city’s spatial development, and urban geoheritage. The results indicate new possibilities for urban geoheritage tourism in the Slovenian capital and its surroundings.

References

Borghi A., Berra V., D’Atri A., Dino G.A., Gallo L.M., Giacobino E., Martire L., Massaro G., Vaggelli G., Bertok C., Castelli D., Costa E., Ferrando S., Groppo C., Rolfo, F., 2015. Stone materials used for monumental buildings in the histrorical centre of Turin (NW Italy): architectonical survey and petrographic characterization of Via Roma. In: Pereira E., Marker B.B., Kramar S., Cooper B.J., Schouenborg B.E. (eds), Global Heritage Stone: Towards International Recognition of Building and Ornamental Stones. Geological Society, London: 201–218. DOI: 10.1144/SP407.20.10.1144/SP407.20
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bratož R., Vilfan S., Melik V., Ferenc T., Pak M., 1992. Ljubljana: zgodovina. In: Javornik M. (ed.), Enciklopedija Slovenije 6. Mladinska knjiga, Ljubljana: 220–236.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Brilha J., 2016. Inventory and Quantitative Assessment of Geosites and Geodiversity Sites: a Review. Geoheritage 8: 119–134. DOI 10.1007/s12371-014-0139-3.10.1007/s12371-014-0139-3
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Buhay D.N., Best L.A., 2015. Informal Learning at Stonehammer and English Riviera Geoparks. Geoheritage 7: 165–175. DOI 10.1007/s12371-014-0125-9.10.1007/s12371-014-0125-9
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Buser S., 1974. Guidebook of sheet Ribnica, Basic geological map of Yugoslavia 1:100,000. Federal Geological Survey of Beograd, Beograd.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Buser S., 2009. Geological map of Slovenia 1:250.000. Geological Survey of Slovenia, Ljubljana.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cayla N., 2010. Les processus de construction de géotourisme alpin. Téoros. Revue de recherche en tourisme 29(2): 15–25. DOI 10.7202/1024867ar.10.7202/1024867ar
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cave Register of Speleological Association of Slovenia, 2016. Speleological Association of Slovenia. Ljubljana.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ciglič R., Perko D., 2013. Europe’s landscape hotspots. Acta geographica Slovenica 53(1): 117–139.10.3986/AGS53106
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Coratza P., Giusti C., 2005. Methodological proposal for the assessment of the scientific quality of geomorphosites. Italian Journal of Quaternary Sciences 18(1): 307–313.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Djurić B., Rižnar I., 2017. The rocks for Emona. In: Vičič B., Županek B. (eds), EMONA MM: urbanisation of space – beginning of a town. Mestni muzej, Ljubljana: 121–144.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Dobravc M., 2007. Ocena ogroženosti Mestne občine Ljubljana zaradi plazov. Online: www.ljubljana.si/file/405358/ogrozenost_mol_poplave_dobravc_2007.pdf (accessed 10 March 2017).
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Erhartič B., 2010a. Conserving geoheritage in Slovenia through geomorphosite mapping. In: Regolini-Bissig G., Reynard B., (eds), Mapping geoheritage. Institute de géographie, Université Lausanne, Laussane: 47–63.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Erhartič B., 2010b. Geomorphosite assessment. Acta geographica Slovenica 50(2): 295–319. DOI 10.3986/AGS50206.10.3986/AGS50206
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Erhartič B., 2012. Geomorfološka dediščina v Dolini Triglavskih jezer. Založba ZRC, Ljubljana.10.3986/9789612545895
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Erhartič B., Zorn M., 2012. Geodiversity and geomorphosite research in Slovenia. Geografski vestnik 84(1): 51–63.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
European Green Capital, 2016. Online: http://www.greenljubljana.com (accessed 15 March 2017).
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Frey M.-L., 2012. From a pit to a visitor centre as geotourism attraction and lighthouse of the tourist destination Odenwald: Building up a sustainable infrastructure at the Messel pit world heritage site, Geo-Naturepark Bergstraße-Odenwald, Germany. In: Sá A. A., Rocha D., Paz A., Correia V., (eds), Proceedings of the 11^th European Geoparks Conference. AGA Associação Geoparque Arouca, Arouca: 121–122.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gams I., 2003. Kras v Sloveniji v prostoru in času. Založba ZRC SAZU, Ljubljana.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gaspari A., 2014. Prehistoric and Roman Emona: a guide through the archaeological past of Ljubljana’s predecessor. Muzej in galerije mesta Ljubljana, Ljubljana.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gašperič P., 2004. The expansion of Ljubljana onto Ljubljansko barje moor. Acta geographica Slovenica 44(2): 7–33. DOI 10.3986/AGS44201.10.3986/AGS44201
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gestrin F., 1963. Oris zgodovine Ljubljane od XVI. do XVIII. stoletja. Kronika 11(3): 139–148.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gestrin F., 1989. Ljubljana – nastanek mestne naselbine. Zgodovinski časopis 43(4): 473–476.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Grafenauer B., 1963. Ljubljana v srednjem veku. Kronika, časopis za slovensko krajevno zgodovino 11(3): 129–139.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Grad K., Ferjančič L., 1976. Guidebook of sheet Kranj, Basic geological map of Yugoslavia 1:100.000. Federal Geological Survey of Beograd, Beograd.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gray M., 2013. Geodiversity: valuing and conserving abiotic nature. Willey-Blackwell, Chichester.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Henriques M.A., Tomaz C., Sá A.A., 2012. The Arouca Geopark (Portugal) as an educational resource: A case study. Episodes 35(4): 481–488.10.18814/epiiugs/2012/v35i4/004
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hobléa F., 2009. Karstic geomorphosites: managing subterranean natural-cultural heritage sites. In: Reynard E., Coratza P., Regolini-Bissig G. (eds), Geomorphostites. Verlag Fredrich Pfeil, München: 189–200.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hose T.A., Marković S.B., Komac B., Zorn M., 2011. Geoturism – A short introduction. Acta geographica Slovenica 51(2): 339–342. DOI 10.3986/AGS51301.10.3986/AGS51301
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
IUCN, 2017. Geoheritage. Online: https://www.iucn.org/theme/protected-areas/wcpa/what-we-do/geoheritage (accessed 14 March 2017)
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Komac B., Natek K., Zorn M., 2008. Geografski vidiki poplav v Sloveniji. Založba ZRC, Ljubljana.10.3986/9789612545451
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Komac B., Zorn M., 2007. Pobočni procesi in človek. Založba ZRC, Ljubljana.10.3986/9789612545307
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Komac B., Zorn M., Erhartič B., 2011. Loss of natural heritage from the geomorphological perspective – Do geomorphic processes shape or destroy the natural heritage? Acta geographica Slovenica 51(2): 339–342. DOI 10.3986/AGS51305.10.3986/AGS51305
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kotarac M., 1999. Kartiranje habitatnih tipov na Ljubljanskem barju. Center za kartografijo favne in flore, Miklavž na Dravskem Polju.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Melik A., 1930. Razvoj Ljubljane. Geografski vestnik 5: 93–137.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Nared J., Bole D., Breg Valjavec M., Ciglič R., Goluža M., Kozina J., Razpotnik Visković N., Repolusk P., Rus P., Tiran J., Černič Istenič M., 2017. Central Settlements in Slovenia in 2016. Acta geographica Slovenica 57(2): 7–32. DOI 10.3986/AGS.4606.10.3986/AGS.4606
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Necheş I.-M., 2016. Geodiversity beyond material evidence: a geosite type based interpretation of geological heritage. Proceedings of the Geologists’ Association 127(1): 78–89. DOI 10.1016/j.pgeola.2015.12.009.10.1016/j.pgeola.2015.12.009
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Novšak M., Beljakov Zidanšek I., Vojakovič P., 2017. The decline of the pre-Roman settlement at Tribuna – deliberations on the possibility of settlement discontinuity between the final phase of the La Téne [sic] settlement and the Roman military camp. In: Vičič B., Županek B. (eds), EMONA MM: urbanisation of space – beginning of a town. Mestni muzej, Ljubljana: 9–52.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ogrin D., 2010. Physical-geographical factors relevant for the development of Ljubljana. In: Krevs M., Djordjević D., Pichler-Milanović N. (eds), Challenges of spatial development of Ljubljana and Belgrade. GeograFF 8: 27–36.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Orožen Adamič M., 1970. Kako naj vrednotimo pokrajino? Proteus 33(4): 152–156.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Pak M., 1992. Ljubljana. In: Javornik M. (ed.), Enciklopedija Slovenije 6. Mladinska knjiga, Ljubljana: 218–220.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Palacio-Prieto J.-L., 2015. Geoheritage within cities: urban geosites in Mexico City. Geoheritage 7: 365–373. DOI 10.1007/s12371-014-0136-6.10.1007/s12371-014-0136-6
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Panizza M., 2001. Geomorphosites: concepts, methods and examples of geomorphological survey. Chinese Science Bulletin 46: 4–5. DOI 10.1007/BF03187227.10.1007/BF03187227
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Pavšič J., 2008. Neživi svet Ljubljanskega barja: geologija barja in njegovega obrobja. In: Pavšič J. (ed.), Ljubljansko barje: neživi svet, rastlinstvo, živalstvo, zgodovina in naravovarstvo. Društvo Slovenska matica, Ljubljana: 15–16.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Perko D., Ciglič R., 2015. Slovenia as a European landscape hotspot. Acta Geobalcanica 1(2): 45–54. DOI 10.18509/AGB.2015.05.10.18509/AGB.2015.05
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Perko D., Hrvatin M., Ciglič R., 2017. Determination of landscape hotspots of Slovenia. Acta geographica Slovenica 57(1): 7–29. DOI 10.3986/AGS.4618.10.3986/AGS.4618
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Pica A., Vergari F., Del Monte M., 2016. The Aeterna Urbs Geomorphological Heritage (Rome, Italy). Geoheritage 8: 31–42. DOI 10.1007/s12371-015-0150-3.10.1007/s12371-015-0150-3
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Pleničar M., 1963. Guidebook of sheet Postojna, Basic geological map of Yugoslavia 1:100.000. Federal Geological Survey of Beograd, Beograd.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Portal C., Kerguillec R., 2017. The shape of a city: geomorphological landscapes, abiotic urban environment, and geoheritage in the western world: the example of parks and gardens. Geoheritage 9: DOI 10.1007/s12371-017-0220-9.10.1007/s12371-017-0220-9
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Pralong J.-P., 2005. A method for assessing the touristic potential and use of geomorphological sites. Géomorphologie: Relief, processus, environnement 11(3): 189–196.10.4000/geomorphologie.350
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Premru U., 1983. Guidebook of sheet Ljubljana, Basic geological map of Yugoslavia 1:100.000. Federal Geological Survey of Beograd, Beograd.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Radinja D., 1951. Sava na Ljubljanskem polju. Geografski vestnik 23: 67–84.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ravbar M., 2002. Suburbanizacijske težnje v razvoju prebivalstva in delovnih mest v Ljubljanski mestni regiji. In: Gabrovec M. (ed.), Geografija Ljubljane. Založba ZRC, Ljubljana: 215–233.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rebernik D., 1999. Socialna geografija Ljubljane. Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rebernik D., 2000. Prebivalstveni razvoj po letu 1945. In: Gabrovec M., Orožen Adamič M. (eds), Ljubljana: geografija mesta. Ljubljansko geografsko društvo, Založba ZRC, Ljubljana: 25–38.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Reynard E., 2009. The assessment of geomorphosites. In: Reynard E., Coratza P., Regolini-Bissig G. (eds), Geomorphostites. Verlag Fredrich Pfeil, München: 63–71.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Reynard E., Fontana G., Kozlik L., Scapozza C., 2007. A method for assessing “scientific” and “additional values” of geomorphosites. Geographica Helvetica 62: 148–158. DOI 10.5194/gh-62-148-2007.10.5194/gh-62-148-2007
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rebernik D., 2004. Recent urbanisation trends: from suburbanisation to reurbanisation. Geografski vestnik 76(2): 53–63.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ribarič V., 1982. Seismicity of Slovenia – catalogue of earthquakes (92 A.D. – 1981). Seismological Survey of the SR of Slovenia. Ljubljana.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rman N., Novak M., 2016. 70 geological wonders of Slovenia. Geological Survey of Slovenia, Ljubljana.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
SEA. Slovenian Environmental Agency, 2017. Ljubljana
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Sharples C., 1993. Methodology for the identification of significant landforms and geological sites for geoconservation purposes. Forestry Commission Tasmania, Hobart.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Smrekar A., 2007. Divja odlagališča odpadkov na območju Ljubljane. Založba ZRC, Ljubljana.10.3986/9789612545246
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Smrekar A., Šmid Hribar M., Tiran J., Erhartič B., 2014. Interpretacija okolja na primeru Ljubljanskega barja. Založba ZRC, Ljubljana.10.3986/9789610503576
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Smrekar A., Šmid Hribar M., Erhartič B., 2016a. Stakeholder conflicts in the Tivoli, Rožnik Hill, and Šiška Hill Protected Landscape Area. Acta geographica Slovenica 56(2): 305–319.10.3986/AGS.895
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Smrekar A., Šmid Hribar M., Tiran J., Erhartič B., 2016b. A methodological basis for landscape interpretation: the case of the Ljubljana Marsh. Acta geographica Slovenica 56(2): 279–290.10.3986/AGS.875
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
SORS. Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia, 2016. Ljubljana.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Stepišnik U., 2017. Vrednotenje geodiverzitete in trajnostni razvoj. In: Lampič B., Zupančič J. (eds), Raziskovalno-razvojne prakse in vrzeli trajnostnega razvoja Slovenije. Znanstvena založba Filozofske fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani, Ljubljana: 115–126.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Stepišnik U., Repe B., 2015. Identification of geodiversity hotspots on example of the Rakov Škocjan Landscape Park. Dela 44: 45–62. DOI 10.4312/dela.44.3.45-62.10.4312/dela.44.3.45-62
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Stepišnik U., Trenchovska A., 2017. A new quantitative model for comprehensive geodiversity evaluation: the Škocjan Caves Regional Park, Slovenia. Geoheritage 9. DOI 10.1007/s12371-017-0216-5.10.1007/s12371-017-0216-5
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Šifrer M., 1984. New findings on the geomorphological development on the Ljubljansko barje. Acta Geographica 23(1): 5–54.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Tiran J., 2016. Measuring urban quality of life: case study of Ljubljana. Acta geographica Slovenica 56(1): 57–73. DOI: 10.3986/ags.828.10.3986/AGS.828
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Trenchovska A., Stepišnik U., 2017. The quantitative geodiversity model applied on upper Pivka karst, Slovenia. In: Buzjak N., Paar D. (eds), Zbornik sažetaka / International conference “Geodiversity, geoheritage and geotourism in karst areas”, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb: 45–48.10.4312/dela.46.41-65
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
UNESCO, 2011. Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps: World Heritage nomination. Online: http://whc.unesco.org/uploads/nominations/1363.pdf (accessed 14 March 2017).
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Velušček A., 2010. Koliščarji: o koliščarjih in koliščarski kulturi Ljubljanskega barja. Založba ZRC, Ljubljana.10.3986/9789612542092
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wiedenbein F.W., 1994. Origin and use of the term “geotope” in German–speaking countries. In: O’Halloran D., Green D., Harley C., Stanley M., Knill J. (eds), Geological and Landscape Conservation. Geological Society, London: 117–120.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Zorn M., Komac B., 2008. Zemeljski plazovi v Sloveniji. Založba ZRC, Ljubljana.10.3986/9789612545505
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Zorn M., Šmid Hribar M., 2012. A landscape altered by man as a protected area: a case study of the Ljubljana Marsh (Ljubljansko barje). Ekonomska i ekohistorija 8: 45–61.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Zouros N., 2004. The European Geoparks Network. Episodes 27(3): 165–171.10.18814/epiiugs/2004/v27i3/002
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Zwolinski Z., 2004. Geodiversity. In: Goudie A.S. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Geomorphology. Routledge, London: 417–418.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Žerjal T., 2017. The bank of the Ljubljanica at Prule (Ljubljana) in the Augustan period. In: Vičič, B., Županek, B. (eds), EMONA MM: Urbanisation of Space – Beginning of a Town. Mestni muzej, Ljubljana: 53–69.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Županek B., 2005. Rimljani na Ljubljanskem barju. Življenje in tehnika 61(3): 20–25.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article

Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/quageo-2017-0023 | Journal eISSN: 2081-6383 | Journal ISSN: 2082-2103

Journal RSS Feed

Language: English

Page range: 37 - 50

Submitted on: Mar 31, 2017

Published on: Sep 29, 2017

Published by: Adam Mickiewicz University

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

Keywords:

Related subjects:

© 2017 Jure Tičar, Blaž Komac, Matija Zorn, Mateja Ferk, Mauro Hrvatin, Rok Ciglič, published by Adam Mickiewicz University
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Volume 36 (2017): Issue 3 (September 2017)