Cost and time performance of traditional-, direct labour- and management-procured public projects in Ondo State, Nigeria

Factors	Min.		Agen.		LG.		Tert.		Overall		ANOVA

	MIS	Rk	MIS	Rk	MIS	Rk	MIS	Rk	MIS	Rk	F	Sig.
Price competition - need to achieve value for money and public accountability	4.27	1	3.75	4	3.40	2	4.27	1	3.98	1	1.622	0.199
Speed - in all phases of the project	4.13	2	3.50	10	3.60	1	4.00	2	3.86	2	0.654	0.585
Time certainty - ability to complete project within the agreed duration	4.07	4	3.86	3	3.10	7	4.00	2	3.79	3	1.869	0.151
Complexity of the project	4.13	2	3.63	7	3.20	6	3.91	4	3.77	4	2.071	0.119
Flexibility - ability to accommodate changes during design and construction phases	3.86	7	4.00	1	3.22	5	3.64	8	3.69	5	1.343	0.275
Quality - the need to fulfil client’s expectation of essential project characteristics	3.93	6	3.71	6	3.10	7	3.73	6	3.64	6	1.809	0.162
Familiarity - based on previous experience	3.80	8	3.43	12	3.33	3	3.73	6	3.62	7	0.561	0.644
Simplicity - in terms of activities, process and procedure	4.07	4	3.57	9	3.10	7	3.36	12	3.58	8	2.430	0.080
Price certainty - the ability to keep expenditure within budgeted estimate	3.80	8	3.50	10	2.90	10	3.91	4	3.57	9	1.822	0.159
Government policy - on using a particular procurement route	3.60	10	3.63	7	2.90	10	3.64	8	3.45	10	1.366	0.267
Dispute resolution and arbitration	3.36	12	4.00	1	3.33	3	2.91	13	3.34	11	2.406	0.083
Responsibility - the need to be involved in and to be kept informed about the project through its life	3.40	11	3.75	5	2.80	13	3.40	11	3.33	12	1.105	0.359
Risk allocation - knowledge on how and to what degree uncertainties/risks have been passed to or shared among parties	3.33	13	3.14	13	2.90	10	3.44	10	3.22	13	0.906	0.448

[i] Note: Min. = ministries; Agen. = agencies; LG. = local governments, Tert. = tertiary institutions; ANOVA = analysis of variance; Rk. = rank; Sig. = significance.

Tab. 2

Cost and time analysis for traditionally procured public projects

S/n	Project type	FC. (mill.)	IC. (mill.)	Dev.	% Dev.	FT. (weeks)	IT. (weeks)	Dev.	% Dev.
1	Educational building	45.0	39.0	6.0	15.4	45	30	15	50.0
2	Educational building	18.0	11.5	6.5	56.5	28	24	4	16.7
3	Social building	600.0	600.0	0.0	0.0	96	76	20	26.3
4	Residential	116.0	93.0	23.0	24.7	46	36	10	27.8
5	Residential	2.3	2.3	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0
6	Residential	5.7	5.7	0.0	0.0	12	12	0	0.0
7	Residential	5.6	5.6	0.0	0.0	15	15	0	0.0
8	Offices	37.5	33.0	4.5	13.6	34	30	4	13.3
9	Educational building	501.3	395.5	105.7	26.7	48	35	13	37.1
10	Educational building	150.0	150.0	0.0	0.0	72	52	20	38.5
11	Residential	13.5	13.5	0.0	0.0	32	15	17	113.3
12	Offices	55.4	50.7	4.7	9.3	36	24	12	50.0
	Average			12.5	12.2			10	31.1

[i] Note: FC. = final cost; IC. = initial cost; Dev. = deviation; FT. = final time; IT. = initial time; mill. = million; exchange rate: 1 Euro = 419.6 Naira (2017).

Tab. 3

Cost and time analysis for direct labour-procured public projects

S/n	Project type	FC. (mill.)	IC. (mill.)	Dev.	% Dev.	FT. (weeks)	IT. (weeks)	Dev.	% Dev.
1	Offices	56.0	46.0	10.0	21.7	32	24	8	33.3
2	Educational building	4.5	4.5	0.0	0.0	4	4	0	0.0
3	Social building (ren.)	1.5	1.0	0.5	50.0	4	4	0	0.0
4	Utility building	4.5	4.5	0.0	0.0	6	6	0	0.0
5	Health care centre	6.0	5.0	1.0	20.0	32	20	12	60.0
6	Health care centre	5.0	5.0	0.0	0.0	6	4	2	50.0
7	Educational building	7.1	7.1	0.0	0.0	5	4	1	25.0
8	Social building (ren.)	10.5	10.0	0.5	5.0	32	24	8	33.3
9	Offices	830.0	830.0	0.0	0.0	32	24	8	33.3
10	Social building (ren.)	10.0	8.5	1.5	17.6	28	24	4	16.7
11	Residential	28.2	30.0	−1.8	−6.0	17	18	−1	−5.6
12	Educational building	4.4	4.5	−0.1	−2.2	6	4	2	50.0
	Average			1.0	8.8			4	24.7

[i] Note: FC. = final cost; IC. = initial cost; Dev. = deviation; FT. = final time; IT. = initial time; mill. = million; ren. = renovation; exchange rate: 1 Euro = 419.6 Naira (2017).

Tab. 4

Cost and time analysis for management-procured public projects

S/n	Project type	FC. (mill.)	IC. (mill.)	Dev.	% Dev.	FT. (weeks)	IT. (weeks)	Dev.	% Dev.
1	Educational building	67.0	63.0	4.0	6.3	72	67	5	7.5
2	Social building	3,213.0	1,883.0	1.3	70.6	6	6	0	0.0
3	Educational building	29.6	29.6	0.0	0.0	24	24	0	0.0
4	Educational building	110.0	110.0	0.0	0.0	32	20	12	60.0
5	Social building	69.4	69.4	0.0	0.0	53	30	23	76.7
6	Social building	121.1	121.1	0.0	0.0	30	21	9	42.9
7	Health centre	250.0	217.0	33.0	15.2	32	21	11	52.4
8	Health centre	172.7	160.2	12.4	7.8	32	24	8	33.3
9	Educational building	158.5	158.4	98.2	0.1	114	52	62	119.2
10	Social building	54.0	51.1	2.9	5.7	24	24	0	0.0
11	Residential	69.7	69.7	0.0	0.0	42	20	22	110.0
12	Residential	245.0	245.0	0.0	0.0	40	24	16	66.7
	Average			115.2	8.8			14	47.4

[i] Note: FC. = final cost; IC. = initial cost; Dev. = deviation; FT. = final time; IT. = initial time; mill. = million; exchange rate: 1 Euro = 419.6 Naira (2017).

Tab. 5

Summary of the cost performance of public building projects, analyzed using the paired-samples t-test

Procurement type	Overall deviation (million)	Overall % deviation	Std. deviation	Std. error mean	T	Df	Sig. (two-tailed)
Traditional	12.5	12.2	30.1	8.7	1.44	11	0.177
Direct labour	1.0	8.8	2.9	0.9	1.13	11	0.281
Management procurement	115.2	8.8	382.6	110.5	1.04	11	0.319

[i] Note: Std. = standard; Df = degrees-of-freedom; Sig. = significance; exchange rate: 1 Euro = 419.6 Naira (2017).

Tab. 6

Summary of the time performance of public building projects using the paired-samples t-test

Procurement type	Overall deviation	Overall % deviation	Std. deviation	Std. error mean	T	Df	Sig. (two-tailed)
Traditional	10	31.1	8	2	4.296	11	0.001^**
Direct labour	4	24.7	4	1	2.974	11	0.013^**
Management procurement	14	47.4	17	5	2.845	11	0.016^**

Note: Std. = standard; Df = degrees-of-freedom; Sig. = significance;

** significant at p<0.05; exchange rate: 1 Euro = 419.6 Naira (2017).

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/otmcj-2016-0022 | Journal eISSN: 1847-6228 | Journal ISSN: 1847-5450

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Language: English

Page range: 1593 - 1603

Submitted on: Sep 1, 2017

Accepted on: Nov 14, 2017

Published on: Dec 29, 2017

Published by: University of Zagreb

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

Keywords:

cost,

direct labour,

management procurement,

project success,

public building projects,

time,

traditional procurement

Related subjects:

Engineering,

Introductions and overviews,

Engineering, other

© 2017 Douglas Omoregie Aghimien, Olufemi Osanyinro, Taiwo Fadeke Adegbembo, published by University of Zagreb
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 9 (2017): Issue 1 (January 2017)