References
- Alarashi, H. (2010). Shell beads in the pre-pottery Neolithic B in central levant: Cypraeidae of Tell Aswad (Damascus, Syria). In E. Alvarez-Fernandez & D. Carvajal-Contreras (Eds.), Not only food: Marine, terrestrial and freshwater molluscs in archaeological sites. Proceedings of the 2nd meeting of the ICAZ Archaeomalacology Working Group (Santander, February 19th-22nd 2008) (pp. 88–98). Aranzadi Zientzia Elkartea.
- Alarashi, H. (2016). Butterfly beads in the Neolithic Near East: Evolution, technology and socio-cultural implications. Cambridge Archaeological Journal, 26(3), 493–512. doi: 10.1017/S0959774316000342.
- Alarashi, H., Ortiz, A., & Molist, M. (2018). Sea shells on the riverside: Cowrie ornaments from the PPNB site of Tell Halula (Euphrates, northern Syria). Quaternary International, 490, 98–112. doi: 10.1016/j.quaint.2018.05.004.
- Alizadeh, A. (2021). Review and synthesis of the Early Neolithic cultural development in Fars, Southern Iran. Journal of Neolithic Archaeology, 23, 1–27. doi: 10.12766/jna.2021.1.
- Asouti, E. (2006). Beyond the pre-pottery Neolithic B interaction sphere. Journal of World Prehistory, 20(2–4), 87–126. doi: 10.1007/s10963-007-9008-1.
- Ayobi, R. (2014). Les objets en terre du Levant néolithique avant l’invention de la céramique: Cuisson intentionnelle ou accidentelle? Syria, 91, 7–34. doi: 10.4000/syria.2608.
- Bar-Yosef, O. (2002). The Natufian culture and the Early Neolithic: Social and economic trends in Southwest Asia. In P. Bellwood & C. Renfrew (Eds.), Examining the farming/language dispersal hypothesis (pp. 113–126). MacDonald Institute for Archaeological Research.
- Bar-Yosef, O., & Belfer-Cohen, A. (1989). The Levantine ‘PPNB’ interaction sphere. In I. Hershkovitz (Ed.), People and culture in change. Proceedings of the Second Symposium on Upper Palaeolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic Populations of Europe and the Mediterranean Basin (pp. 59–72). Archaeopress.
- Barge, O., Azizi Kharanaghi, H., Biglari, F., Moradi, B., Mashkour, M., Tengberg, M., & Chataigner, C. (2018). Diffusion of Anatolian and Caucasian obsidian in the Zagros Mountains and the highlands of Iran: Elements of explanation in ‘least cost path’ models. Quaternary International, 467, 297–322. doi: 10.1016/j.quaint.2018.01.032.
- Beale, T. W. (1973). Early trade in highland Iran: A view from a source area. World Archaeology, 5(2), 133–148. http://www.jstor.org/stable/123983.
- Bennison-Chapman, L. E. (2019). Reconsidering ‘tokens’: The Neolithic origins of accounting or multifunctional, utilitarian tools? Cambridge Archaeological Journal, 29(2), 233–259. doi: 10.1017/s0959774318000513.
- Braidwood, L. S., Braidwood, R. J., Howe, B., Reed, C. A., & Watson, P. J. (Eds.). (1983). Prehistoric archeology along the Zagros flanks (Vol. 105). The Oriental Institute.
- Braidwood, R. J., & Howe, B. (1960). Prehistoric investigations in Iraqi Kurdistan. University of Chicago Press.
- Broman Morales, V. (1990). Figurines and other clay objects from Sarab and Çayönü. University of Chicago.
- Broman Morales, V., & Smith, P. E. L. (1990). Gashed clay cones at Ganj Dareh, Iran. Paléorient, 16, 115–117.
- Catanzariti, A., Tanaka, T., & Richardson, A. (2023). Results from the 2018 and 2019 excavation seasons at Ban Qala, Iraqi Kurdistan. In N. Marchetti, F. Cavaliere, E. Cirelli, C. D’Orazio, G. Giacosa, M. Guidetti, & E. Mariani (Eds.), Proceedings of the 12th International Congress on the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, 06-09 April 2021, Bologna. Vol. 2: Field Reports (pp. 129–142). Harrassowitz.
- Cole, G., Matthews, R., & Richardson, A. (2013). Material networks of the Neolithic at Sheikh-e Abad: Objects of bone, stone and clay. In R. Matthews, W. Matthews, & Y. Mohammadifar (Eds.), The earliest Neolithic of Iran: 2008 excavations at Sheikh-e Abad and Jani (pp. 135–145). Oxbow Books.
- Coward, F. (2010). Small worlds, material culture and ancient Near Eastern social networks. In R. Dunbar, C. Gamble, & J. Gowlett (Eds.), Social brain, distributed mind (pp. 448–479). Oxford University Press.
- Coward, F. (2013). Grounding the net: Social networks, material culture and geography in the Epipalaeolithic and Early Neolithic of the Near East (∼21,000–6,000 cal BCE). In C. Knappett (Ed.), Network analysis in archaeology: New approaches to regional interaction (pp. 247–280). Oxford University Press.
- Coward, F. & Gamble, C. (2010). Metaphor and materiality in earliest prehistory. In L. Malafouris & C. Gamble (Eds.), The cognitive life of things (pp. 47–58). McDonald Institute of Archaeological Research.
- Coward, F., & Howard-Jones, P. (2021). Exploring environmental influences on infant development and their potential role in processes of cultural transmission and long-term technological change. Childhood in the Past, 14(2), 80–101. doi: 10.1080/17585716.2021.1956057.
- Darabi, H., & Glascock, M. D. (2013). The source of obsidian artefacts found at East Chia Sabz, Western Iran. Journal of Archaeological Science, 40(10), 3804–3809. doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2013.04.022.
- Dietrich, O., Heun, M., Notroff, J., Schmidt, K., & Zarnkow, M. (2012). The role of cult and feasting in the emergence of Neolithic communities. New evidence from Göbekli Tepe, south-eastern Turkey. Antiquity, 86(333), 674–695. doi: 10.1017/S0003598X00047840.
- Dunbar, R. (1993). Co-evolution of neocortical size, group size and language in humans. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 16, 681–735.
- Dunbar, R. (2008). Cognitive constraints on the structure and dynamics of social networks. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 12, 7–16.
- Dunbar, R., Gamble, C. & Gowlett, J. (Eds.). (2010). Social brain, distributed mind. Oxford University Press.
- Fazeli, N., Oller, M., Wu, J., Wu, Z., Tenenbaum, J. B., & Rodriguez, A. (2019). See, feel, act: Hierarchical learning for complex manipulation skills with multisensory fusion. Science Robotics, 4(26), eaav3123. doi: 10.1126/scirobotics.aav3123.
- Frahm, E., & Tryon, C. A. (2018). Origins of Epipalaeolithic obsidian artifacts from Garrod’s excavations at Zarzi Cave in the Zagros foothills of Iraq. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 21, 472–485. doi: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2018.08.001.
- Fujii, S. (1988). Typological reassessment and some discussions on “beaked blades”. Bulletin of the Okayama Orient Museum, 7, 1–16.
- Gamble, C., Gowlett, J. & Dunbar, R. (2014). Thinking big: How the evolution of social life shaped the human mind. Thames & Hudson.
- Garrod, D. (1930). The Palaeolithic of Southern Kurdistan: Excavations in the caves of Zarzi and Hazar Merd. American School of Prehistoric Research Bulletin, 6, 9–43.
- Gosden, C. 2008. Social ontologies. Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences, 363(1499), 2003–2010.
- Gowlett, J., Gamble, C., & Dunbar, R. (2012). Human evolution and the archaeology of the social brain. Current Anthropology, 53(6), 693–722. doi: 10.1086/667994.
- Graeber, D., & Wengrow, D. (2022). The dawn of everything. A new history of humanity. Penguin.
- Hodder, I. (2012). Entangled: An archaeology of the relationships Between Humans and Things. Wiley-Blackwell.
- Hole, F. (1983). The Jarmo chipped stone. In L. S. Braidwood, R. J. Braidwood, B. Howe, C. A. Reed, & P. J. Watson (Eds.), Prehistoric archeology along the Zagros flanks (pp. 233–284). Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.
- Hole, F. (1996). A Syrian bridge between the Levant and the Zagros? In S. K. Kozłowski & H. G. Gebel (Eds.), Neolithic chipped stone industries of the Fertile Crescent and their contemporaries in adjacent regions: Proceedings of the Second Workshop on PPN Chipped Lithic Industries, Institute of Archaeology, Warsaw University, 3rd-7th April 1995 (pp. 5–14). Ex Oriente.
- Hole, F., Flannery, K. V., & Neely, J. A. (1969). Prehistory and human ecology of the Deh Luran Plain. University of Michigan Press.
- Howe, B. (1983). Karim Shahir. In L. S. Braidwood, R. J. Braidwood, B. Howe, C. A. Reed, & P. J. Watson (Eds.), Prehistoric archeology along the Zagros flanks (pp. 23–154). Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.
- Khanipour, M., Niknami, K., & Abe, M. (2021). Challenges of the Fars Neolithic chronology: An appraisal. Radiocarbon, 63(2), 693–712. doi: 10.1017/RDC.2020.113.
- Knappett, C. (2011). An archaeology of interaction: Network perspectives on material culture and society. Oxford University Press.
- Knappett, C. (Ed.). (2013). Network analysis in archaeology: New approaches to regional interaction. Oxford University Press.
- Kodaş, E., Baysal, E. L., & Özkan, K. (2024). Bodily boundaries transgressed: Corporal alteration through ornamentation in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic at Boncuklu Tarla, Türkiye. Antiquity, 98(398), 323–342 doi: 10.15184/aqy.2024.28.
- Kozlowski, S. K. (1989). Nemrik 9, a PPN Neolithic site in Northern Iraq. Paléorient, 15(1), 25–31.
- Kozlowski, S. K., & Aurenche, O. (2005). Territories, boundaries and cultures in the Neolithic Near East. Archaeopress.
- Lazaridis, I., Alpaslan-Roodenberg, S., Acar, A., Açıkkol, A., Agelarakis, A., Aghikyan, L., Akyüz, U., Andreeva, D., Andrijašević, G., Antonović, D., Armit, I., Atmaca, A., Avetisyan, P., Aytek, A., Bacvarov, K., Badalyan, R., Bakardzhiev, S., Balen, J., Bejko, L., … Reich, D. (2022). Ancient DNA from Mesopotamia suggests distinct pre-pottery and pottery Neolithic migrations into Anatolia. Science, 377(6609), 982–987. doi: 10.1126/science.abq0762.
- Maddux, W. W., & Galinsky, A. D. (2009). Cultural borders and mental barriers: The relationship between living abroad and creativity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96(5), 1047–1061. doi: 10.1037/a0014861.
- Malafouris, L. (2013). How things shape the mind: A theory of material engagement. MIT Press.
- Malafouris, L., Gosden, C. & Overmann, K. A. (2014). Creativity, cognition, and material culture: An introduction. Pragmatics & Cognition, 22(1), 1–4.
- Matthews, W. (2020). Sustainability of early sedentary agricultural communities: New insights from high-resolution microstratigraphic and micromorphological analyses. In R. Matthews, W. Matthews, K. Rasheed Raheem, & A. Richardson (Eds.), The early Neolithic of the Eastern Fertile Crescent: Excavations at Bestansur and Shimshara, Iraqi Kurdistan (pp. 197–264). Oxbow.
- Matthews, R., Matthews, W., & Mohammadifar, Y. (Eds.). (2013b). The earliest Neolithic of Iran: 2008 excavations at Sheikh-e Abad and Jani. British Institute of Persian Studies, Oxbow.
- Matthews, W., Matthews, R., Raeuf Aziz, K., & Richardson, A. (2020a). Excavations and contextual analyses: Shimshara. In R. Matthews, W. Matthews, K. Rasheed Raheem, & A. Richardson (Eds.), The early Neolithic of the Eastern Fertile Crescent: Excavations at Bestansur and Shimshara, Iraqi Kurdistan (pp. 177–186). Oxbow.
- Matthews, R., Matthews, W., Raeuf Aziz, K. & Richardson, A. (Eds.). (forthcoming). The Epipalaeolithic-Early Neolithic transition in the Eastern Fertile Crescent, ca. 12,000-7000 BCE: Inter-disciplinary research at Zarzi, Zawi Chemi Rezan, and Bestansur, Iraqi Kurdistan. Oxbow.
- Matthews, R., Matthews, W., Rasheed Raheem, K., & Richardson, A. (Eds.). (2020d). The early Neolithic of the Eastern Fertile Crescent: Excavations at Bestansur and Shimshara, Iraqi Kurdistan. Oxbow.
- Matthews, R., Matthews, W., Richardson, A., & Raeuf Aziz, K. (2020b). Intensive field survey in the Zarzi Region. In R. Matthews, W. Matthews, K. Rasheed Raheem, & A. Richardson (Eds.), The early Neolithic of the Eastern Fertile Crescent: Excavations at Bestansur and Shimshara, Iraqi Kurdistan (pp. 43–56). Oxbow.
- Matthews, R., Matthews, W., Richardson, A., Rashid Raheem, K., Walsh, S., Raeuf Aziz, K., Bendrey, R., Whitlam, J., Charles, M., Bogaard, A., Iversen, I., Mudd, D., & Elliott, S. (2019). The early Neolithic of Iraqi Kurdistan: Current research at Bestansur, Shahrizor Plain. Paléorient, 45(2), 13–32.
- Matthews, R., Richardson, A., & Maeda, O. (2020c). Early Neolithic chipped stone worlds of Bestansur and Shimshara. In R. Matthews, W. Matthews, K. Rasheed Raheem, & A. Richardson (Eds.), The early Neolithic of the Eastern Fertile Crescent: Excavations at Bestansur and Shimshara, Iraqi Kurdistan (pp. 461–532). Oxbow.
- Matthews, W., Shillito, L. M., & Elliott, S. (2013a). Investigating early Neolithic materials, ecology and sedentism: Micromorphology and microstratigraphy. In R. Matthews, W. Matthews, & Y. Mohammadifar (Eds.), The earliest Neolithic of Iran. 2008 Excavations at Sheikh-e Abad and Jani (pp. 67–104). Oxbow Books.
- Mazzucato, C. (2019). Socio-material archaeological networks at Çatalhöyük: A community detection approach. Frontiers in Digital Humanities, 6(8), 1–25. doi: 10.3389/fdigh.2019.00008.
- Mithen, S. (2010). Excavating the Prehistoric mind: The brain as a cultural artefact and material culture as biological extension. In R. Dunbar, C. Gamble, & J. Gowlett (Eds.), Social brain, distributed mind (pp. 481–503). Oxford University Press.
- Mithen, S. (2020). Lost for words: An extraordinary structure at the early Neolithic settlement of WF16. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 7(1), 125. doi: 10.1057/s41599-020-00615-7.
- Mithen, S., Richardson, A., & Finlayson, B. (2023). The flow of ideas: Shared symbolism between WF16 in the south and Göbekli Tepe in the north during Neolithic emergence in SW Asia. Antiquity, 97(394), 829–849.
- Mnih, V., Kavukcuoglu, K., Silver, D., Rusu, A. A., Veness, J., Bellemare, M. G., Graves, A., Riedmiller, M., Fidjeland, A. K., Ostrovski, G., Petersen, S., Beattie, C., Sadik, A., Antonoglou, I., King, H., Kumaran, D., Wierstra, D., Legg, S., & Hassabis, D. (2015). Human-level control through deep reinforcement learning. Nature, 518(7540), 529–533. doi: 10.1038/nature14236.
- Moholy-Nagy, H. (1983). Jarmo artifacts of pecked and ground stone and shell. In L. S. Braidwood, R. J. Braidwood, B. Howe, C. A. Reed, & P. J. Watson (Eds.), Prehistoric archeology along the Zagros flanks (pp. 289–346). Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.
- Moorey, P. R. S. (1994). Ancient Mesopotamian materials and industries. The Archaeological Evidence. Clarendon Press.
- Mortensen, P. (1970). Tell Shimshara: The Hassuna period. Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab.
- Moutsiou, T., & Kassianidou, V. (2019). Geochemical characterisation of carnelian beads from aceramic Neolithic Cyprus using portable X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (pXRF). Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 25, 257–265. doi: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2019.04.013.
- Nature Iraq. (2017). Key biodiversity areas of Iraq: Priority sites for conservation & protection. Tablet House Publishing.
- Oates, J. (1969). Choga Mami, 1967-68: A preliminary report. Iraq, 31(2), 115–152.
- Olszewski, D. (2012). The Zarzian in the context of the Epipaleolithic Middle East. International Journal of Humanities, 19(3), 1–20.
- Pollock, S., Bernbeck, R., & Abdi, K. (Eds.). (2010). The 2003 excavations at Tol-e Basi, Iran: Social life in a Neolithic village. Verlag Philipp von Zabern.
- Renfrew, C. (2004). Towards a theory of material engagement. In E. DeMarrais, C. Gosden & C. Renfrew (Eds.). Rethinking materiality: The engagement of mind with the material world (pp. 23–32). McDonald Institute of Archaeological Research.
- Renfrew, C. (2007). Prehistory: The making of the human mind. Phoenix.
- Renfrew, C., Dixon, J. E., & Cann, J. R. (1966). Obsidian and early cultural contact in the Near East. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society, 32, 30–72.
- Renfrew, C., Dixon, J. E., & Cann, J. R. (1969). Further analysis of Near Eastern obsidians. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society, 34, 319–331.
- Richardson, A. (2017). Neolithic materials and materiality in the foothills of the Zagros Mountains. In T. Pereira, X. Terradas, & N. Bicho (Eds.), The exploitation of raw materials in Prehistory: Sourcing, processing and distribution. Cambridge Scholars.
- Richardson, A. (2019). Pre-pottery clay innovation in the Zagros foothills. Oxford Journal of Archaeology, 38(1), 2–17. doi: 10.1111/ojoa.12155.
- Richardson, A. (2020). Material culture and networks of Bestansur and Shimshara. In R. Matthews, W. Matthews, K. Rasheed Raheem, & A. Richardson (Eds.), The early Neolithic of the Eastern Fertile Crescent: Excavations at Bestansur and Shimshara, Iraqi Kurdistan (pp. 533–612). Oxbow.
- Richardson, A., Matthews, R., Matthews, W., Raeuf Aziz, K., & Stone, A. (2020). Excavations and contextual analyses: Bestansur. In R. Matthews, W. Matthews, K. Rasheed Raheem, & A. Richardson (Eds.), The early Neolithic of the Eastern Fertile Crescent: Excavations at Bestansur and Shimshara, Iraqi Kurdistan (pp. 115–176). Oxbow.
- Richter, T., Garrard, A. N., Allock, S., & Maher, L. A. (2011). Interaction before agriculture: Exchanging material and sharing knowledge in the Final Pleistocene Levant. Cambridge Archaeological Journal, 21, 95–114. doi: 10.1017/s0959774311000060.
- Schmandt-Besserat, D. (1979). Reckoning before writing. Archaeology, 32, 22–31.
- Smith, P. E. L. (1990). Architectural innovation and experimentation at Ganj Dareh, Iran. World Archaeology, 21(3), 323–335.
- Snell-Rood, E., & Snell-Rood, C. (2020). The developmental support hypothesis: Adaptive plasticity in neural development in response to cues of social support. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 375(1803), 20190491. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0491.
- Tonoike, Y. (2012). Understanding obsidian artifact distribution in Iran using pXRF analysis. Poster presented at the 39th International Symposium on Archaeometry (ISA).
- Tymofiyeva, O., & Gaschler, R. (2021). Training-induced neural plasticity in youth: A systematic review of structural and functional MRI studies [Systematic Review]. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 14, 1–24. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.497245.
- Wahida, G. A. (1981). The re-excavation of Zarzi, 1971. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society, 47, 19–40.
- Walsh, S. (2022). Early evidence of extra-masticatory dental wear in a Neolithic community at Bestansur, Iraqi Kurdistan. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, 32(6), 1264–1274. doi: 10.1002/oa.3162.
- Ware, C., Dautricourt, S., Gonneaud, J., & Chételat, G. (2021). Does second language learning promote neuroplasticity in aging? A systematic review of cognitive and neuroimaging studies. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 13, 1–13. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.706672.
- Watkins, T. (2003). Developing socio-cultural networks. Neo-Lithics, 2(3), 36–37.
- Watkins, T. (2006). Neolithisation in Southwest Asia - the path to modernity. Documenta Praehistorica, 33, 71–88.
- Watkins, T. (2008). Supra-regional networks in the Neolithic of Southwest Asia. Journal of World Prehistory, 21, 139–171.
- Watkins, T., Baird, D., & Betts, A. V. G. (1989). Qermez Dere and the early aceramic Neolithic of N. Iraq. Paléorient, 15(1), 19–24.
- Zeidi, M., & Conard, N. J. (2013). Chipped stone artifacts from the aceramic Neolithic site of Chogha Golan, Ilam Province, Western Iran. In F. Borrell, J. J. Ibáñez Estévez, & M. Molist (Eds.), Stone tools in transition: From hunter-gatherers to farming societies in the Near East. Papers presented to the 7th Conference on PPN Chipped and Ground Stone Industries of the Fertile Crescent (pp. 315–326). Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Servei de Publicacions.