Figure 1

Figure 2
![Structure of a compound used in terminating electrolyte 4,4’-bis[(1-morpholiniomethyl)spirobi(1-sila-2,5-dioxacyclopentan-3-on)at]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/647264ce215d2f6c89dc6936/j_ohs-2020-0022_fig_002.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKPLFIMTJW%2F20260315%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20260315T083939Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEO%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJHMEUCIEZIQRBhPd7k5duxfdnbg0muL4g5Ly9p2Hx8QCNXEHmIAiEAhzanFu1PQYh4b1rRepqIg4wgYZSHrqX%2Be4FV5IWufQwqxQUIuP%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FARACGgw5NjMxMzQyODk5NDAiDHWM7aaEauuCKCB7hCqZBcF%2BkqkXP3Mas9nhNe1enqrc5TlcRq3GOM3%2FMEOi7cqTbHRmnAIj23gAaOZHg3YAF0HHyJuGnOjUtvCCEX8NTVNHIZ1c8RT8E9UqWWZXCq3ZrP%2BnTWfiMo1XcDKE0w%2BpVdDs%2FOMWP4pzCzPjZKjgx0uTBuTTcn9QiSF3%2FJv6mK%2FA1%2B7duisvfcVrqffhEm1vArr%2Bp84%2FedXP%2BE5OKHkxJgZEkuglSYFet%2B3BN%2FySUHdWmAfllFOzhHPOkjbkgW4hlAkiInLpBsLXrIuqBfZMJVSQos8qNwjKjRcYWX%2FFJSKINoKDnNd8FD5UX3e%2FQrMHo6Hoe75t1rSDqv930h0foFTaiBXiqtyNUIVBeWMo%2BQtBsHM7z5xhStZc%2BIWZcQoiH8QPlkH9t9TaPIOXdOAXmYOjR8LSeQRAmbD0Ns4QqS4RRWMdQd3B5gj8Sv87rZekeOAkodr1%2FKNn2vDwrJNqxe9cwTH2SNnDWOW89SXJRMbNwCdUvcDXbAa6TdIlcX5%2Bmqk4npzK3KSYtIGeqP%2BuWlVJouLDm8AIZ%2BTqapdqs0xLUJPTbxbOszwZlBGnUIZbHBmjGp4tDjiMTINFmJPTCu4cSMT8CCyYbsrUr1AIB0HxP%2FccORo4pREZHPUWjx%2B9T9VClD3zXb%2BtIc2aQa0xRiueDLGgSPbX9IpLk0MaFS2PJou63dFMzRk0PfBp5AH4Y5YVb5IaIjOrBWdwr579SXbjtqLLFrltkUFFdgLsaoN7AzXHUxfgVn7pIiXTjNNYWI2z%2FP6beggJiwPUfWPsFAC9D2OJGf9q%2BskpZF5d7uDI3%2FoTGMO10VJMfN5NPg%2BmLd8hz6Uv99E5su6u2vIjgI2uDU2qGojY8rHOdrLyrkc5vOfDBhHwAjouMKeq2c0GOrEB2MOQXMK4r3GvL6%2BaZeAXumrtHo8TbteMo7Q5eR9i7q80z8MyvCiG7o6Eak3oXTplxnUB9D1%2FT91QXysGj3F1%2BQHw2AyVzqQVDk%2FEuuc7NpCbIjFYF2aKzPRgbI0PL6oXfvV1k6TIkG5LLbyQhIga1ohe2gUTktntZskwMi9XJMVyC6DnS2XlwzplASOinD31FYIZRhNE6PDQsoBGb8JTSxFkCuNMkf18G770QrQAanz1&X-Amz-Signature=1a3cba0f8230fa817e067137d71df8b6af0920418c634956a50d8cb7e4c59e1b&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 3

Figure 4

Optimum conditions for isotachophoretic separation of a mixture 1-(N-morpholiniomethyl)spirobi(1-sila-2,5-dioxacyclopentan-3-on)at (72), 1-(N-morpholiniomethyl)spirobi(1-sila-2,5-dioxa-4-methylcyclopentan-3-on)at (73), 1-(N-morpholiniomethyl)spirobi(1-sila-2,5-dioxa-4-(i-propyl)cyclopentan-3-on)at (79)
| Considered parameters | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stage | Time (s) | Intensity (μA) | Comp (10 mV) | Conductometric detector |
| 1 | 50 | 80 | 0 | |
| 2 | 70 | 120 | 50 | |
| 3 | 20 | 90 | 0 | X |
| 4 | 250 | 50 | 50 | |
| 5 | 325 | 120 | 0 | X |
Characteristic of the applied analytical method
| Analyte | Linearity determination coefficient above 0.9987 | Coefficient of variation n = 6, the samples were analyzed twice | Limit of detection calculated from the limit of identification and coefficients of the calibration curve | Limit of quantification LOQ = 3.3 x LOD | Recovery the sample was enriched with 4 ml of a solution containing 2 μg fil-1 of the examined ion, n = 6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (72) | 3.1–50.4 | 3.0–4.2 | 2.2 | 7.3 | 91 ± 5 |
| (73) | 2.8–49.6 | 3.2–4.5 | 2.1 | 6.9 | 92 ± 3 |
| (79) | 2.9–51.3 | 2.8–4.1 | 2.3 | 7.6 | 92 ± 4 |
Mean recovery values [1-(N-morpholiniomethyl)spirobi(1-sila-2,5-dioxacyclopentan-3-on)at (72), 1-(N-morpho liniomethyl)spirobi(1-sila-2,5-dioxa-4-methylcyclopentan-3-on)at (73), 1-(N-morpholiniomethyl)spirobi(1-sila-2,5-dioxa-4-(i-propyl)cyclopentan-3-on)at (79)] obtained on the columns used in the study (n = 5)
| Type of extraction column | Mean recovery values and SD (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (72) | (73) | (79) | |
| RP Si–C18 | 85.3 ± 4.2 | 84.7 ± 3.9 | 85.1 ± 3.5 |
| RP Si–C8 | 82.2 ± 4.3 | 82.9 ± 4.9 | 83.7 ± 4.6 |
| RP Si–FP | 89.3 ± 3.9 | 91.3 ± 3.6 | 93.9 ± 4.1 |
Common parameters of optimal (72), (73) and (79) separation and determination by the isotachophoresis method
| Parameters of the method | |
|---|---|
| UV filter (nm) | 200 |
| High Voltage Limit (kV) | 12 |
| Sample rate (smp s−1) | 50 |
| Polarity | + cations |