Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Coordinates, depth and biotope of the sampling stations
| Station ID | Lat. (°N) | Lon. (°E) | Depth (m) | Biotope | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-1-1 | 41°52′10″ | 27°59′10″ | 5 | Fine sand | |
| I-1-2 | 41°52′05″ | 27°59′24″ | 10 | Sand+Shell fragment | |
| I-1-3 | 41°52′13″ | 28°00′15″ | 20 | Sand | |
| I-2-1 | 41°53′25″ | 28°00′25″ | 5 | Fine sand+silt | |
| I-2-2 | 41°53′04″ | 28°00′45″ | 10 | Fine sand+Shell fragment | |
| I-2-3 | 41°52′24″ | 28°01′13″ | 20 | Sand | |
| I-3-1 | 41°52′50″ | 28°02′43″ | 5 | Silt | |
| I-3-2 | 41°52′39″ | 28°02′40″ | 10 | Sand+Shell fragment | |
| I-3-3 | 41°52′14″ | 28°02′44″ | 20 | Sand |
List of zoobenthos species collected during the study and their maximum densities (ind_ m-2) per station
| Stations | I-1-1 | I-1-2 | I-1-3 | I-2-1 | I-2-2 | I-2-3 | I-3-1 | I-3-2 | I-3-3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depth (m) | 5 | 10 | 20 | 5 | 10 | 20 | 5 | 10 | 20 |
| PLATHELMINTHES | |||||||||
| Turbellaria (spp.) | 10/W | 10/A | |||||||
| NEMERTEA | |||||||||
| Nemertea (spp.) | 1 | 50/S | 100/Sp | 10/S | 50/Sp | 50/S | 90/Sp | 80/S | 40/A |
| OLIGOCHAETA | |||||||||
| Oligochaeta (spp.) | 860/W | 170/Sp | 21250/Sp | ||||||
| POLYCHAETA | |||||||||
| Harmothoe imbricata (Linnaeus, 1767) | 10/S | ||||||||
| Malmgreniella sp. | 50/S | 10/Sp | 10/S | 60/Sp | |||||
| Pholoe inornata Johnston, 1839 | 20/Sp | 10/S | 70/Sp | ||||||
| Eumida sanguinea (Örsted, 1843) | 10/S | 10/S, A | 10/Sp, S | 30/S | 10/S | 10/A | |||
| Mysta picta (Quatrefages, 1866) | 10/S | ||||||||
| Nereiphylla rubiginosa (Saint-Joseph, 1888) | 10/W | 10/W | 10/W | ||||||
| Phyllodoce maculata (Linnaeus, 1767) | 10/A | 20/S | |||||||
| Sigambra tentaculata (Treadwell, 1941) | 20/Sp | 10/Sp | |||||||
| Exogone dispar (Webster, 1879) | 520/Sp | 320/Sp | |||||||
| Exogone naidina Örsted, 1845 | 10/S | 50/Sp | 30/S | 10/S | 10/A | ||||
| New record for the Black Sea | 30/Sp | ||||||||
| Salvatoriaclavata (Claparède, 1863) | 80/Sp | 60/Sp | |||||||
| Sphaerosyllis hystrix Claparède, 1863 | 100/Sp | 20/A | 70/W | ||||||
| Syllis garciai (Campoy, 1982) | 10/Sp | ||||||||
| Syllis gracilis Grube, 1840 | 20/A | ||||||||
| Platynereis dumerilii (Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1834) | 870/S | 20/S, A | 40/S | 40/W | 30/A | ||||
| Nereiszonata Malmgren, 1867 | 60/A | 10/S | 10/S | ||||||
| Glycera alba (O.F. Müller, 1776) | 80/S | 170/S | 150/S | 170/S | 10/A | ||||
| New record for the Turkish coast of the Black Sea | 40/A | 20/Sp | 10/W | 10/S, A | 20/Sp | ||||
| New record for the Turkish coast of the Black Sea | 80/S | 20/W | 20/S | 100/S | 10/A | ||||
| Micronephthys stammeri (Augener, 1932) | 180/S | 390/S | 140/W | 360/S | 950/S | 380/Sp | 630/Sp | 460/S | 720/W |
| Nephthys hystricis McIntosh, 1900 | 50/W | 10/W | 10/A | 10/W | 40/W | ||||
| New record for the Black Sea | 10/S | 10/S | |||||||
| Eunice vittata (Delle Chiaje, 1828) | 10/W | ||||||||
| Protodorvillea kefersteini (McIntosh, 1869) | 16/S | 940/A | 160/Sp | 1690/Sp | 260/Sp | 740/W | 850/S | ||
| Nainerislaevigata (Grube, 1855) | 10/A | ||||||||
| New record for the Black Sea | 20/Sp | 10/W, A | 10/A | 70/Sp | 20/S | 10/S | |||
| New record for the Turkish coast of the Black Sea | 10/Sp | 10/A | 20/Sp | ||||||
| Aonides paucibranchiata Southern, 1914 | 100/W | 70/Sp | |||||||
| Polydora sp. | 20/Sp | 20/Sp | 100/Sp | ||||||
| Prionospio maciolekae Dagli & Çinar, 2011 | 40/A | 270/S | 2070/Sp | 40/Sp | 20/Sp | 140/S | 110/Sp | 30/W | 190/W |
| Pseudopolydora antennata (Claparède, 1870) | 10/Sp | ||||||||
| Scolelepis tridentata (Southern, 1914) | 10/W | ||||||||
| Spio decoratus Bobretzky, 1870 | 440/S | 190/W | 610/S | 610/S | 890/S | 370/S | 1910/S | 1140/S | 510/S |
| New record for the Black Sea | 10/Sp | ||||||||
| Aricidea (Acmira) catherinae Laubier, 1967 | 20/Sp | 250/S | 60/S | 850/S | 10/A | 170/W | 940/W | ||
| Aricidea (Strelzovia) claudiae Laubier, 1967 | 40/A | 350/Sp | 10/Sp | 140/Sp | 10/A | 1650/A | |||
| Aricidea (Aricidea) pseudoarticulata Hobson, 1972 | 10/Sp | 10/Sp | 170/W | 140/A | |||||
| Cirrophorusbranchiatus Ehlers, 1908 | 20/Sp | 40/Sp | 50/A | 270/W | 60/A | ||||
| Paradoneis lyra (Southern, 1914) | 10/A | 30/S | |||||||
| Magelonaminuta Eliason, 1962 | 10/W | 30/A | 10/S | 10/A | 10/Sp | 50/S | |||
| New record for the Turkish coast of the Black Sea | 20/Sp | 30/S | |||||||
| Cirriformia tentaculata (Montagu, 1808) | 30/S | ||||||||
| Monticellina heterochaeta Laubier, 1961 | 10/S | ||||||||
| Capitella teleta Blake, Grassle, Eckelbarger, 2009 | 10/A | 20/Sp | 140/S | 3520/Sp | 10/A | ||||
| Capitomastus minima (Langerhans, 1881) | 140/S | 80/S | 80/S | 140/S | 90/S | 1810/S | 2990/Sp | 80/A | 260/W |
| Heteromastus filiformis (Claparède, 1864) | 10/A | 1000/S | 160/S | 210/A | 2110/S | 210/A | 340/A | ||
| Notomastuslatericeus M. Sars, 1851 | 40/S | 10/S | |||||||
| Leiochone leiopygos (Grube, 1860) | 60/S | 110/S | 30/Sp | 30/A | |||||
| Euclymene lumbricoides (Quatrefages, 1865) | 10/S | ||||||||
| New record for the Turkish coast of the Black Sea | 10/S | ||||||||
| Ophelia limacina (Rathke, 1843) | 60/W | 40/Sp | 10/A | 10/A | 470/S | ||||
| Polyophthalmuspictus (Dujardin, 1839) | 10/Sp | ||||||||
| Lagis koreni Malmgren, 1866 | 10/S | ||||||||
| Melinna palmata Grube, 1870 | 10/S | 30/S | |||||||
| Amphitritidesgracilis (Grube, 1860) | 30/A | 10/S | |||||||
| Terebellides stroemii Sars, 1835 | 10/S | ||||||||
| New record for the Turkish coast of the Black Sea | 60/W | 300/W | 40/W | 40/Sp | 10/Sp | ||||
| PHORONIDA | |||||||||
| Phoronida (sp.) | 1 | 10/A | 10/A | ||||||
| CRUSTACEA | |||||||||
| Amphibalanus improvisus (Darwin, 1854) | 130/Sp | 10/Sp | |||||||
| Siriella jaltensis jaltensis Czerniavsky, 1868 | 10/Sp | 10/Sp | |||||||
| Bodotria arenosa mediterranea (Steuer, 1938) | 10/Sp | 20/Sp | 10/Sp | ||||||
| New record for the Turkish coast of the Black Sea | 10/W | 10/W | |||||||
| Bodotria sp. | 10/W | ||||||||
| New record for the Turkish coast of the Black Sea | 60/S | 130/Sp | 40/S | 120/Sp | 80/Sp | 60/S | 100/S | 40/S | |
| Iphinoe maeotica Sowinskyi, 1893 | 10/S | 30/S | 20/S | 10/S | |||||
| New record for the Turkish coast of the Black Sea | 10/S | 10/A | |||||||
| Iphinoe tenella G.O. Sars, 1878 | 20/A | ||||||||
| New record for Turkey | 10/Sp, S | ||||||||
| Pseudocuma longicorne (Bate, 1858) | 30/Sp | 20/Sp | |||||||
| Apseudopsis ostroumovi Bacescu and Carausu, 1947 | 70/A | ||||||||
| Leptochelia savignyi (Kroyer, 1842) | 20/A | ||||||||
| Tanais dulongii (Audouin, 1826) | 10/S | ||||||||
| New record for the Turkish coast of the Black Sea | 10/W | ||||||||
| Eurydicepulchra Leach, 1815 | 20/W | 30/W | 60/A | 10/Sp | 10/Sp | ||||
| New record for Turkey | 40/Sp | 20/W | 10/S | ||||||
| Idoteabalthica (Pallas, 1772) | 20/A | 10/Sp | |||||||
| Ampelisca diadema (A. Costa, 1853) | 20/A | 10/Sp | 60/S | 10/A | 20/A | 10/Sp | |||
| Ampelisca pseudospinimana Bellan-Santini and Kaim-Malka,1977 | 70/S | 20/S | 60/S | 30/A | 160/S | 20/A | 60/S | 40/S | 110/S |
| Ampelisca sp. | 20/W | ||||||||
| Ampithoe ramondi Audouin, 1826 | 40/S | 10/Sp | 20/Sp | 40/S | 70/Sp | ||||
| Atylus massiliensis Bellan-Santini, 1975 | 20/W | 20/Sp | 60/Sp | 10/Sp, S | 130/Sp | 10/Sp | 20/S | ||
| Bathyporeia guilliamsoniana (Bate, 1857) | 120/S | 40/Sp | 40/A | 90/S | 50/Sp | 30/Sp | 10/A | 60/S | 60/S |
| Dexamine spinosa (Montagu, 1813) | 10/Sp | 20/Sp | 10/S | 20/S | |||||
| Ericthoniuspunctatus (Bate, 1857) | 20/S | ||||||||
| Gammarus aequicauda (Martyinov, 1931) | 30/Sp | ||||||||
| Megaluropus massilensis Ledoyer, 1976 | 40/S | 20/W | 30/S | 110/S | 10/S | ||||
| Microdeutopus gryllotalpa A. Costa, 1853 | 10/Sp | 10/Sp | |||||||
| Microdeutopus versiculatus (Bate, 1856) | 10/Sp | 20/S | |||||||
| Monocorophium acherusicum (A. Costa, 1853) | 50/S | 20/S | 50/Sp | 20/S | 10/S | ||||
| Perioculodes longimanus (Bate and Westwood, 1868) | 50/Sp | 140/Sp | 20/S | 60/Sp | 20/Sp | 50/Sp | 20/Sp, S | 10/Sp | |
| Tritaeta gibbosa (Bate, 1862) | 10/Sp | ||||||||
| Brachynotus sexdentatus (Risso, 1827) | 10/Sp | ||||||||
| New record for the Turkish coast of the Black Sea | 10/S | 10/A | 10/A | ||||||
| Crangon crangon (Linnaeus, 1758) | 20/S | ||||||||
| Diogenes pugilator (Roux, 1829) | 10/S | 20/A | 30/S | 20/A | 40/Sp, A | 20/Sp, A | |||
| Pisidia longimana (Risso, 1816) | 10/Sp | ||||||||
| Upogebiapusilla (Petagna, 1792) | 10/S | 10/Sp | 60/A | ||||||
| MOLLUSCA | |||||||||
| Gibbula albida (Gmelin, 1791) | 10/S | 10/S | 130/S | 10/S | 10/A | 10/A | |||
| Gibbula divaricata (Linnaeus, 1758) | 80/W | 10/A | 30/Sp | 10/Sp, S | |||||
| Tricoliapulluspullus (Linnaeus, 1758) | 50/A | 750/W | 1350/W | 110/S | 160/S | 200/S | 3210/Sp | 230/S | 870/Sp |
| Bittium reticulatum (da Costa, 1778) | 2310/S | 1230/S | 10360/Sp | 6770/A | 52240/S | 2860/S | 9750/Sp | 13760/A | 7100/Sp |
| Monophorusperversus (Linnaeus, 1758) | 210/S | 70/W | 70/S | 60/A | 170/Sp | ||||
| Epitonium clathrus (Linnaeus, 1758) | 40/S | ||||||||
| New record for the Turkish coast of the Black Sea | 10/S | 30/S | 10/S | 40/S | 40/S | 10/Sp, S | 20/A | ||
| New record for the Turkish coast of the Black Sea | 10/Sp | ||||||||
| Rissoa membranacea (Adams, J., 1800) | 110/A | 30/S | 10/W | 1420/A | 5310/S | 250/S | 730/A | 1820/A | 80/A |
| Rissoa splendida Eichwald, 1830 | 60/S | 80/A | 50/A | 470/A | 650/S | 90/S | 8640/Sp | 290/A | 90/A |
| Rissoa ventricosa Desmarest, 1814 | 20/W | ||||||||
| Rissoa sp. | 20/W | 150/Sp | 40/W | ||||||
| Pusillinalineolata (Michaud, 1830) | 70/S | 40/S | 330/A | 10/A | 80/S | ||||
| Pusillina radiata (Philippi, 1836) | 1400/S | ||||||||
| Pusillina sp. | 40/W, S | 250/S | 170/Sp | 30/Sp | 50/W | 240/Sp | |||
| Setiapulcherrima (Jeffreys, 1848) | 10/W | ||||||||
| Caecum trachea (Montagu, 1803) | 860/S | 960/S | 7660/S | 3100/S | 23930/S | 8740/S | 560/S | 3070/A | 1530/S |
| Ecrobia ventrosa (Montagu, 1803) | 80/S | 720/S | 120/S | 520/S | 1250/S | 30/A | 160/A | ||
| Hydrobia acuta (Draparnaud, 1805) | 40/A | 20/Sp | 100/A | 180/Sp | 10/Sp | ||||
| Calyptraea chinensis (Linnaeus, 1758) | 20/S | 160/A | 920/A | 230/S | 40/A | 60/S | |||
| Alien species | 10/Sp | 30/A | 10/Sp | 10/Sp | |||||
| Cyclope neritea (Linnaeus, 1758) | 40/Sp | 30/W | 80/S | 50/A | 750/S | 70/S | 700/Sp | 50/Sp, S | 70/A |
| Nassarius reticulatus (Linnaeus, 1758) | 20/S | 30/S | 50/S | 110/A | 1360/S | 180/S | 460/Sp | 40/A | 160/A |
| Bela nebula (Montagu, 1803) | 20/S | 20/S | 30/S, A | 280/S | 20/S, A | 140/Sp | 180/A | ||
| New record for the Turkish coast of the Black Sea | 10/S | 10/S | 10/Sp | ||||||
| Mangelia pontica Milaschewitsch, 1908 | 230/S | 100/Sp | |||||||
| Mangelia sp. | 10/W | 80/Sp | 20/S | ||||||
| Partheninainterstincta (Adams, J., 1797) | 10/W | 20/Sp | 50/A | 30/S | |||||
| Turbonilla acuta (Donovan, 1804) | 70/Sp | 40/A | |||||||
| Turbonilla pusilla (Philippi, 1844) | 140/S | 130/S | 50/S | 170/S | 240/S | 210/S | 10/S | ||
| Cylichnina robagliana (Fischer, P, 1869) | 40/Sp | 70/S | |||||||
| Cylichnina umbilicata (Montagu, 1803) | 10/W | 140/Sp | 130/A | 140/A | 150/S | 120/A | 10/A | ||
| Retusa truncatula (Bruguière, 1792) | 110/S | 170/S | 120/S | 3040/S | 50/S | 80/S | 20/A | 80/S | |
| Alien species | 10/W | 10/Sp | |||||||
| Mytilaster lineatus (Gmelin, 1791) | 10/W, Sp | 20/S | 10/Sp | 20/Sp | 10/Sp | ||||
| Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819 | 100/Sp | 10/Sp | 30/S | ||||||
| Modiolus sp. | 20/Sp | 10/Sp | 10/Sp | ||||||
| Lucinella divaricata (Linnaeus, 1758) | 100/A | 590/W | 830/S | 160/S | 9600/S | 850/S | 780/Sp | 600/A | 100/S |
| Parvicardium exiguum (Gmelin, 1791) | 40/Sp | 10/S | 20/Sp | 10/S | 10/S | ||||
| Spisulasubtruncata (da Costa, 1778) | 120/Sp | 200/S | 270/S | 40/S | 170/Sp | 80/Sp | 10/Sp | 140/S | |
| Tellina tenuis Costa, 1778 | 40/A | 40/A | 20/S | 60/A | 50/Sp | 30/Sp | 30/Sp | 20/S | |
| Donax trunculus Linnaeus, 1758 | 10/W | ||||||||
| Donaxvenustus Poli, 1795 | 10/Sp | 10/A | 40/S | 30/Sp | 30/Sp | 20/Sp | |||
| Chameleagallina (Linnaeus, 1758) | 960/A | 590/A | 400/S | 980/Sp | 2350/S | 500/S | 3430/Sp | 1630/Sp | 200/S |
| Gouldia minima (Montagu, 1803) | 50/S | 10/W | 30/Sp | 20/Sp | |||||
| Pitar rudis (Poli, 1795) | 160/S | 80/S | |||||||
| Polititapes aureus (Gmelin, 1791) | 20/Sp, A | 30/S | |||||||
| Lentidium mediterraneum (Costa O.G., 1829) | 30/Sp | 20/Sp | 40/W | 220/W | 50/W | 450/Sp | 10/A | ||
| HEMICHORDATA | |||||||||
| New record for the Turkish coast of the Black Sea | 20/W | 10/Sp, S | |||||||
Physicochemical variables of the İğneada region
| Temp (°C) | Salinity (PSU) | pH | DO (mg l-1) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nov-2012 | Min. | 14.81 | 17.82 | 8.25 | 8.24 |
| Max | 15.25 | 18.04 | 8.31 | 9.43 | |
| Mean | 15.05 | 17.95 | 8.29 | 8.47 | |
| May-2013 | Min. | 9.69 | 15.42 | 8.39 | 9.21 |
| Max | 18.04 | 17.95 | 8.61 | 10.51 | |
| Mean | 15.72 | 16.17 | 8.53 | 10.01 | |
| July-2013 | Min. | 22.97 | 14.92 | 6.87 | 7.39 |
| Max | 24.72 | 16.17 | 6.98 | 8.66 | |
| Mean | 23.71 | 15.76 | 6.92 | 8.05 | |
| Oct-2013 | Min. | 18.35 | 18.24 | 6.85 | 7.86 |
| Max | 18.65 | 18.28 | 6.89 | 8.2 | |
| Mean | 18.54 | 18.26 | 6.87 | 7.96 | |