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Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)-based differentiation of selected Chara species Cover

Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)-based differentiation of selected Chara species

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies
Volume 46 (2017): Issue 1 (March 2017)
By: Jacek Urbaniak and  Michał Combik  
Open Access
|Mar 2017

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

LM images of the studied species: a. Stipulodes (upper arrow) and long spine cells (arrow in the middle of the axis) on C. aspera axis; b. Antheridia on male C. aspera; c. Upper branchlet of C. globularis axis; d. Rudimentary stipulodes below C. globularis branchlet; e. Short and reduced spine cells on C. globularis axis; f. Long spine cells on axis C. hispida; g. Spine cells in bunches on C. intermedia main axis; h. Antheridia and oogonia on dioecious C. strigosa; i. General habit of C. tenuispina; j. Long spine cells of C. tenuispina on the upper part of the main axis; k. Spine cells of C. tenuispina; l. Long stipulodes below the branchlet on C. virgata Scale bars: Figs 1, 4, 12, 100 µm; Figs 2, 3, 6, 8, 9, 10, 300 µm; Figs 5, 50 µm; Figs 7, 11, 150 µm
LM images of the studied species: a. Stipulodes (upper arrow) and long spine cells (arrow in the middle of the axis) on C. aspera axis; b. Antheridia on male C. aspera; c. Upper branchlet of C. globularis axis; d. Rudimentary stipulodes below C. globularis branchlet; e. Short and reduced spine cells on C. globularis axis; f. Long spine cells on axis C. hispida; g. Spine cells in bunches on C. intermedia main axis; h. Antheridia and oogonia on dioecious C. strigosa; i. General habit of C. tenuispina; j. Long spine cells of C. tenuispina on the upper part of the main axis; k. Spine cells of C. tenuispina; l. Long stipulodes below the branchlet on C. virgata Scale bars: Figs 1, 4, 12, 100 µm; Figs 2, 3, 6, 8, 9, 10, 300 µm; Figs 5, 50 µm; Figs 7, 11, 150 µm

Figure 2

Neighbor-joining dendrogram based on AFLP markers
Neighbor-joining dendrogram based on AFLP markers

Figure 3

Principal Component Analysis of AFLP of the analyzed species
Principal Component Analysis of AFLP of the analyzed species

Classification of the analyzed Chara species according to different authors

Krause (1997)Wood & Imahori (1965)Cirujano et al. (2008)
C. asperaDeth. ex Willd. 1809Chara globularis var. aspera(Deth. ex Willd. 1809) R.D. Wood 1962Chara aspera var. asperaDeth. ex Willd. 1809
C. globularisThuill. 1799Chara globularis var. globularis f. globularisR.D. Wood 1962Chara fragilisDesv. in Loisel. 1810
C. hispidaL.Chara hispida var. major f. major(Hartm.) R.D.Wood 1962Chara hispida var. major(Hartm.) R.D. Wood 1962
C. intermediaA.Br. 1859Chara hispida var. major f. intermedia(A.Br.) R.D.Wood 1962Chara hispida var. hispida(Hartm.) R.D. Wood 1962
C. strigosaA.Br 1847Chara globularis f. strigosa(A. Br.) R.D. Wood 1962-
C. tenuispinaA.Br. 1835Chara globularis var. tenuispina(Kütz.) R.D. Wood 1962-
C. virgata (C.delicatula)Kütz. 1834Chara globularis var. virgata(A. Br.) R.D. Wood 1962-

Jaccard’s genetic similarity index between pairs of plants belonging to different species

C. globularisC. hispidaC. intermediaC. strigosaC. tenuissimaC. virgata
C. aspera0.160.180.140.680.370.21
C. globularis 0.270.300.470.690.49
C. hispida 0.710.290.080.1
C. intermedia 0.200.120.25
C. strigosa 0.310.38
C. tenuissima 0.46

The studied species and populations

SpeciesLocality with the number of individualsDate of collection
C. asperaLake Mauda, Suwałki Lakeland, (31-34)Lake Pobłędzie, Suwałki Lakeland (35-38)Lake Wigry, Augustów Lakeland, (51-55)Lake Hańcza, Suwałki Lakeland (81-85)Jul. 2014Aug. 2013Aug. 2013Jul. 2014
C. globularisfish pond near Szczodre, Silesian Lowland, (201-205)Lake Czarne, Łęczna-Włodawa Lakeland, (206-210)pond near Niemodlin, Opolska Upland, (211-216)Jul. 2014Jul. 2014Jul. 2014
C. hispidaLake Okmin, Suwałki Lakeland, (21-24)Lake Szelment, Suwałki Lakeland, (25-28)Jul. 2014Jul. 2014
C. intermediaLake Czarne, Łęczna-Włodawa Lakeland, (91-94)pond near Staszów, Staszów Uppland, (95-97)Jul. 2014Aug. 2013
C. strigosaS part of Lake Hańcza, Suwałki Lakeland, (71-76)SE part of Lake Hańcza, Suwałki Lakeland, (131-134)Jul. 2014Jul. 2014
C. tenuispinaLake Drążynek, Wielkopolskie Lakeland, (101-104)Lake near Wągrowiec, Wielkopolskie Lakeland, (105-108)Sept. 2013Sept. 2013
C. virgataLake Wigry, Augustów Lakeland, (1a-4a)Lake Serwy, Augustów Lakeland, (301-305)Aug. 2013Aug. 2013

Percentage of polymorphic and non-polymorphic fragments per primer combination for the analyzed Chara species

Primer combinationAll bandsMonomorphicPolymorphic
(n)(n)(n)(%)
ACA/CGA185617997
ACA/CGC1771616191
ACT/CGA1841516992
ACG/CAT2011119093
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ohs-2017-0008 | Journal eISSN: 1897-3191 | Journal ISSN: 1730-413X
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Language: English
Page range: 74 - 84
Submitted on: Feb 5, 2016
Accepted on: May 12, 2016
Published on: Mar 6, 2017
Published by: University of Gdańsk
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
Chara,
AFLP,
Poland,
morphology,
molecular taxonomy
Related subjects:
Chemistry,
Chemistry, other,
Geosciences,
Geosciences, other,
Life sciences,
Life sciences, other

© 2017 Jacek Urbaniak, Michał Combik, published by University of Gdańsk
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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