Screening of 17α-ethynylestradiol and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory pharmaceuticals accumulation in Mytilus edulis trossulus (Gould, 1890) collected from the Gulf of Gdańsk

Compound	Chemical structure	Compound	Chemical structure
Ibuprofen (IBU) M = 206.28 g mol⁻¹ pKa = 4.91 log Kow = 3.97		Paracetamol (PAR) M = 151.16 g mol⁻¹ pKa = 9.38 log Kow = 0.46
Flurbiprofen (FLUR) M = 244.26 g mol⁻¹ pKa = 4.22 log Kow = 4.11		Naproxen (NAP) M = 230.26 g mol⁻¹ pKa = 4.15 log Kow = 3.18
Diclofenac (DIC) M = 296.13 g mol⁻¹ pKa = 4.15 log Kow = 4.51		Ketoprofen (KET) M = 254.28 g mol⁻¹ pKa = 4.45 log Kow = 3.12
17α-Ethynylestradiol (EE2) M = 269.4 g mol⁻¹ pKa = 10.4 log Kow = 3.67

Numbers and masses of sampled individuals of Mytilus edulis trossulus

Mussel size categories (cm)	Number of individuals	Total wet mass in size categories (g)	Total dry mass in size categories (g)	% of water
1.1 - 2 .0	63	8.765	1.350	84.6
2.1 - 3.0	151	60.467	5.600	90.7
3.1 - 4.0	141	103.551	8.200	92.1
4.1 - 5	10	7.810	1.020	86.9
Total	365

Concentrations of pharmaceuticals found in Mytilus edulis trossulus (ng per wet and dry mass of sample) and obtained BAFs

Mussel size categories	Found pharmaceuticals	Concentrations		BAF (using wet weight)	BAF (using dry weight)
Mussel size categories	Found pharmaceuticals	ng g⁻¹ of dry weight	ng g⁻¹ of wet weight	l kg⁻¹
4.1-5 cm	PAR	80	10.5	373	2850
	FLUR	210	27.5	1718	16154
	EE2	310	40.4	-	-

Guidelines for bioaccumulation categorization (review in Arnot et al. 2006)

Regulatory program	Criteria	Categorization	Reference
Canadian Environmental Program Act (1999)	BAF or BCF = 5000 l kg⁻¹ or log Kow > 5.0	Bioaccumulative	Government of Canada 1999
United Nations Environmental Programme Stockholm Convention (2001)		Bioaccumulative	UNEP 2001
Washington State Department of Ecology (2004)		Bioaccumulative	Washington State Department of Ecology 2004
Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) is a European Union (2007)	BCF > 2000 l kg^-1	Bioaccumulative	REACH 2007
	BCF > 5000 v	Very bioaccumulative	REACH 2007
US EPA (1996)	BAF > 2000 l kg⁻¹, or log Kow > 4	Bioaccumulative	United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ohs-2016-0050 | Journal eISSN: 1897-3191 | Journal ISSN: 1730-413X

Language: English

Page range: 605 - 614

Submitted on: Apr 11, 2016

Accepted on: Jun 9, 2016

Published on: Dec 12, 2016

Published by: University of Gdańsk

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

Keywords:

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© 2016 Magda Caban, Anna Szaniawska, Piotr Stepnowski, published by University of Gdańsk
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.