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Dry weight and calcium carbonate encrustation of two morphologically different Chara species: a comparative study from different lakes Cover

Dry weight and calcium carbonate encrustation of two morphologically different Chara species: a comparative study from different lakes

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies
Volume 45 (2016): Issue 3 (September 2016)
By: Andrzej Pukacz,  Mariusz Pełechaty,  Marcin Frankowski and  Eugeniusz Pronin  
Open Access
|Sep 2016

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Lake-to-lake variability of charophyte dry weight. The dashed line points at the lakes in which both species occurred. Each box-whiskers plot n = 30 (10 individuals × 3 sites). Abbreviations on the horizontal scale indicate the name of the lake (J – Jasne, K – Karskie, M – Męckie, Ma -Malcz, N – Niesłysz, P – Pierwsze, Z – Złoty Potok) slashed with the species name (Cg – Chara globularis, Ct – Chara tomentosa). The colors indicate species (gray is for C. globularis, white is for C. tomentosa). Different letters (lower case – C. globularis, uppercase – C. tomentosa) indicate significant (P < 0.05) lake-to-lake differences.
Lake-to-lake variability of charophyte dry weight. The dashed line points at the lakes in which both species occurred. Each box-whiskers plot n = 30 (10 individuals × 3 sites). Abbreviations on the horizontal scale indicate the name of the lake (J – Jasne, K – Karskie, M – Męckie, Ma -Malcz, N – Niesłysz, P – Pierwsze, Z – Złoty Potok) slashed with the species name (Cg – Chara globularis, Ct – Chara tomentosa). The colors indicate species (gray is for C. globularis, white is for C. tomentosa). Different letters (lower case – C. globularis, uppercase – C. tomentosa) indicate significant (P < 0.05) lake-to-lake differences.

Figure 2

Lake-to-lake variability of calcium carbonate content in charophyte dry weight. The dashed line points at the lakes in which both species occurred. Each box-whiskers plot n = 30 (10 individuals X 3 sites). Abbreviations on the horizontal scale indicate the name of the lake (J – Jasne, K – Karskie, M – Męckie, Ma -Malcz, N – Niesłysz, P – Pierwsze, Z – Złoty Potok) slashed with the species name (Cg – Chara globularis, Ct – Chara tomentosa). The colors indicate species (gray is for C. globularis, white is for C. tomentosa). Different letters (lower case – C. globularis, uppercase – C. tomentosa) indicate significant (P < 0.05) lake-to-lake differences.
Lake-to-lake variability of calcium carbonate content in charophyte dry weight. The dashed line points at the lakes in which both species occurred. Each box-whiskers plot n = 30 (10 individuals X 3 sites). Abbreviations on the horizontal scale indicate the name of the lake (J – Jasne, K – Karskie, M – Męckie, Ma -Malcz, N – Niesłysz, P – Pierwsze, Z – Złoty Potok) slashed with the species name (Cg – Chara globularis, Ct – Chara tomentosa). The colors indicate species (gray is for C. globularis, white is for C. tomentosa). Different letters (lower case – C. globularis, uppercase – C. tomentosa) indicate significant (P < 0.05) lake-to-lake differences.

Figure 3

PCA output for physicochemical water properties at all the study sites. The symbols indicate particular lakes. The colors indicate species (gray is for C. globularis, white is for C. tomentosa).
PCA output for physicochemical water properties at all the study sites. The symbols indicate particular lakes. The colors indicate species (gray is for C. globularis, white is for C. tomentosa).

Means and standard deviations of the physicochemical water properties significantly differentiating the investigated lakes_ Results of ANOVA tests (F and p-values are indicated; degrees of freedom: 6 and 23)_ Results of post hoc analyses are indicated by means of capital letters_

ANOVAJasne (n = 6)Karskie (n = 6)Malcz (n = 3)Męckie (n = 6)Niesłysz (n = 3)Pierwsze (n = 3)Złoty Potok (n = 3)
O2(mg l-1)F = 31.4P < 0.001A6.0 ± 0.1BCD7.4 ± 0.3A5.3 ± 0.1BCD7.4 ± 0.2C8.2 ± 0.6D7.0 ± 0.2D7.0 ± 0.2
Alkalinity(mval l-1)F = 345.8P < 0.001A1.6 ± 0.1B2.8 ± 0.0CD1.9 ± 0.06C1.7 ± 0.1D1.9 ± 0.0E1.2 ± 0.1F2.2 ± 0.6
Conductivity(µS cm-1)F = 803.3P < 0.001A304 ± 13.4B590 ± 11.9C266 ± 6.6C263 ± 3.7A318 ± 18.5D158 ± 5.8A332 ± 5.6
Ca2+(mg l-1)F = 1512.1P < 0.001A47.4 ± 1.4B77.8 ± 1.2C38.3 ± 0.3C40.4 ± 0.5D44.0 ± 0.2E22.6 ± 0.2A49.7 ± 1.0
Mg2+(mg l-1)F = 61.3P < 0.001A2.9 ± 0.6B9.6 ± 1.4A2.7 ± 0.3A2.2 ± 0.4C5.3 ± 1.0A2.1 ± 0.5C5.9 ± 0.2
Hardness(°dH)F = 1433.5P < 0.001A7.3 ± 0.2C13.1 ± 0.2B6.0 ± 0.1B6.2 ± 0.1A7.4 ± 0.2D3.7 ± 0.1E8.3 ± 0.1

Characteristics of the studied lakes (based on: Jańczak 1996; Pełechaty, Pukacz 2006; Pełechaty et al_ 2007)

UnitJasneKarskieMalczMęckieNiesłyszPierwszeZłoty Potok
Geographical coordinates-52°17'7"N 15°03'06"E52°55'4"N 15°04'8"E52°21'1”N 15°13'3"E52°22'0"N 15°11'2"E52°13'9"N 15°23'8"E52°23'11”N 15°09'18"E52°13'0"N 15°22'5"E
Surface areaha15.115036.240.9486.219.332.8
Mean depthm4.36.23.49.27.84.75.9
Max depthm9.517.67.322.734.710.713.7
Lake type-outflowflowno flowsflowno flowsno flowsno flows
Stratification-incompletecompleteincompletecompletecompleteincompletecomplete
SD visibilitym33.13.86.54.25.44.3
C. tomentosa sampling depthm33 32 2
C. globularis sampling depthm4334 4

Significant correlations between the dry weight and calcium carbonate content of each charophyte species and the habitat characteristics of the study sites_ For each characteristic n = 15 (DW and % CaCO3 were represented by mean of 10)_ The asterisks (*) indicate the significance level (< 0_05, < 0_01, < 0_001, respectively)

Chara globularisChara tomentosa
Dry weight% CaCO3Dry weight% CaCO3
Temperature 0.61*
-0.53*
Conductivity -0.63**
Alkalinity -0.59*-0.59*
Ca2+ -0.88***
Mg2+ -0.55*
Hardness -0.75***
TP 0.73**
Sampling depth 0.69**
% bottom cover 0.72**
No. of species -0.58*
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ohs-2016-0034 | Journal eISSN: 1897-3191 | Journal ISSN: 1730-413X
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Language: English
Page range: 377 - 387
Submitted on: Oct 27, 2015
|
Accepted on: Feb 22, 2016
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Published on: Sep 22, 2016
Published by: University of Gdańsk
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
charophytes,
individual biomass,
calcite encrustation,
water properties,
inter-lake,
variability
Related subjects:
Chemistry,
Chemistry, other,
Geosciences,
Geosciences, other,
Life sciences,
Life sciences, other

© 2016 Andrzej Pukacz, Mariusz Pełechaty, Marcin Frankowski, Eugeniusz Pronin, published by University of Gdańsk
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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