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Characteristics of Cladophora and coexisting filamentous algae in relation to environmental factors in freshwater ecosystems in Poland Cover

Characteristics of Cladophora and coexisting filamentous algae in relation to environmental factors in freshwater ecosystems in Poland

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies
Volume 45 (2016): Issue 2 (June 2016)
By: Marta Pikosz and  Beata Messyasz  
Open Access
|Jun 2016

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Location of the study sites: 1 – Lake Oporzyńskie, 2 – Nielba river, 3 – Pond in Poznań, 4 – Malta Reservoir, 5 – Samica Stęszewska river, 6 – Pond in Konojad, 7 – Mogilnica river
Location of the study sites: 1 – Lake Oporzyńskie, 2 – Nielba river, 3 – Pond in Poznań, 4 – Malta Reservoir, 5 – Samica Stęszewska river, 6 – Pond in Konojad, 7 – Mogilnica river

Figure 2

Floristic diversity of filamentous algae in freshwater ecosystems in Poland (numbers indicate the percentage contribution)
Floristic diversity of filamentous algae in freshwater ecosystems in Poland (numbers indicate the percentage contribution)

Figure 3

Types of ecosystems, in which filamentous algae were noted (numbers indicate the percentage contribution)
Types of ecosystems, in which filamentous algae were noted (numbers indicate the percentage contribution)

Figure 4

Photos of Cladophora glomerata: 1 – the overall view of young thalli; 2 – the number of thalli branched in the apical part; 3 – apical cell with a hole; 4 – basal cell; 5 – stained pyrenoids; 6 – stained nuclei; 7 – reticulate chloroplast; 8 – diatoms on the surface of cell wall
Photos of Cladophora glomerata: 1 – the overall view of young thalli; 2 – the number of thalli branched in the apical part; 3 – apical cell with a hole; 4 – basal cell; 5 – stained pyrenoids; 6 – stained nuclei; 7 – reticulate chloroplast; 8 – diatoms on the surface of cell wall

Figure 5

Photos of Cladophora rivularis (1-4): 1 – branches diverge at right angles; 2 – morphometric variability; 3 – akinete; 4 – zoospores; and Cladophora fracta (5-6): 5 – slender filaments with branches at an obtuse angle; 6 – fragmentation of the thallus
Photos of Cladophora rivularis (1-4): 1 – branches diverge at right angles; 2 – morphometric variability; 3 – akinete; 4 – zoospores; and Cladophora fracta (5-6): 5 – slender filaments with branches at an obtuse angle; 6 – fragmentation of the thallus

Figure 6

Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) diagram showing the correlation between species distribution and environmental variables. All axes were found to be highly significant (p<0.005; Monte Carlo Simulation). Vau. sp. – Vaucheria sp., Rh. sp. – Rhizoclonium sp., Stig. nan. – Stigeoclonium nanum, Cl. glom. – Cladophora glomerata, O. sp.1 – Oedogonium sp. 1, Cl. glob. – Cladophora globulina, O. sp. 2 – Oedogonium sp. 2, M. sp. – Mougeotia sp., Z. sp. – Zygnema sp., Cl. frac. – Cladophora fracta, Sp.sp.1. Spirogyra sp. 1, Sp.sp.2 – Spirogyra sp. 2, Sp.sp.3. – Spirogyra sp. 3, Sp.sp.4. – Spirogyra sp. 4, Sir. sp. – Sirogonium sp., C. sp. – Cladophora sp., O.cap. – Oedogonium capillare, Cl.riv. – Cladophora rivularis, Mic. sp. – Microspora sp., U. var. – Ulothrix variabilis, T. vul. – Tribonema vulgare, T. aeg. – Tribonema aequale
Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) diagram showing the correlation between species distribution and environmental variables. All axes were found to be highly significant (p<0.005; Monte Carlo Simulation). Vau. sp. – Vaucheria sp., Rh. sp. – Rhizoclonium sp., Stig. nan. – Stigeoclonium nanum, Cl. glom. – Cladophora glomerata, O. sp.1 – Oedogonium sp. 1, Cl. glob. – Cladophora globulina, O. sp. 2 – Oedogonium sp. 2, M. sp. – Mougeotia sp., Z. sp. – Zygnema sp., Cl. frac. – Cladophora fracta, Sp.sp.1. Spirogyra sp. 1, Sp.sp.2 – Spirogyra sp. 2, Sp.sp.3. – Spirogyra sp. 3, Sp.sp.4. – Spirogyra sp. 4, Sir. sp. – Sirogonium sp., C. sp. – Cladophora sp., O.cap. – Oedogonium capillare, Cl.riv. – Cladophora rivularis, Mic. sp. – Microspora sp., U. var. – Ulothrix variabilis, T. vul. – Tribonema vulgare, T. aeg. – Tribonema aequale

Characteristics of various filamentous algae patches at the study sites

dominant taxonlength and width of cells in µm (min-max)shape of chloroplastdiameter of pyrenoids (µm)accompanying filamentous algaeformscolorsites
Cladophora glomerata223-63447-131reticulate3-12Rhizoclonium sp.Vaucheria sp.attached to the bottom and stonesdark greenNielba river
Cladophora glomerata84-38827-82reticulate4-10absentlong filaments, attached to the bottomdark greenSamica Stęszewska river
Cladophora glomerata116-75628-133reticulate3-6Rhizoclonium sp.Stigeoclonium nanumOedogonium spp.Vaucheria sp.attached, free-floatingdark greenMogilnica river
Cladophora glomerata132-22526-50reticulate5-7Oedogonium sp.Tribonema vulgarefree-floating, dense matbright greenLake Oporzyńskie
Cladophora rivularis97-30136-130parietal4-9Cladophora sp.Oedogonium capillareUlothrix variabilisTribonema aequaleTribonema vulgareSpirogyra spp., Mougeotia sp.Microspora sp.cotton-wool-like thick matbright greenPond in Konojad (agriculture)
Cladophora fracta50-13517-25parietal3-7Cladophora glomerata Spirogyra spp.Mougeotia sp.dense mat in littoral zone (4 m from the shore), soft to the touchyellow greenMalta Reservoir
Cladophora fracta48-14621-30parietal3-6Spirogyra spp.Mougeotia spp.Zygnema spp.Sirogonium sp.Cladophora sp.mat mainly slippery to the touchyellow greenPond in Poznań (artificial)

Pearson’s correlation coefficients between CCA ordination scores (the first three axes) for filamentous algae and environmental factors (n = 187; p<0_05 are statistically significant and given in bold)

CCA AXIS 1Eigenvalue: 0.79CCA AXIS 2Eigenvalue: 0.66CCA AXIS 3Eigenvalue: 0.23
AXIS 1-0.03-0.51
AXIS 20.03-0.04
AXIS 3-0.510.04-
Depth-0.10-0.490.00
Chl a0.610.20-0.44
Temp.-0.010.210.18
pH-0.50-0.190.57
DO-0.30-0.270.38
EC-0.11-0.78-0.01
TDS0.20-0.74-0.20
N-NO30.330.14-0.33
P-PO40.540.04-0.66
SO4 2-4-0.36-0.850.19
Color0.40-0.14-0.54
Turb.0.39-0.13-0.25
Cl--0.25-0.860.05

Mean values of physicochemical factors of water for the surveyed sites (L_O_ – Lake Oporzyńskie, M_R_ – Malta Reservoir, P_P_ – pond in Poznań, P_K_ – pond in Konojad, N_R_ – Nielba river, S_S_R_ – Samica Stęszewska river, M_R_ – Mogilnica river

ParametersUnitL.O. n=46M.Res. n=12P.P. n=17P.K. n=59N.R. n=10S.S.R. n=10M.R. n=33
Temp.°C19.323.722.121.421.018.920.4
pH 8.48.68.38.87.97.57.9
Depthcm12041.53551944443
ColorPtCo742112.818.8222838
Turb.FAU3.54.23.35.24.50.35.4
ECµS cm-1551658387946779532838
TDSmg l-1259442198532538516491
N-NO30.500.200.360.260.820.160.85
NH40.570.250.590.810.820.280.73
SO4 2-46981461091406763
NaCl1141215930910186116
Cl-637336105615270
PO43-40.230.220.270.270.230.241.13
DO%1119399100879173
Chl aµg l-125.27.24.951.863.26.48.25

Results of the forward selection of environmental parameters (Monte Carlo permutation test in CCA, P<0_005 are statistically significant)

ParameterλPF
Cl-0.670.00118.41
P-PO40.360.00110.41
TDS0.250.0017.71
N-NO30.170.0015.28
Chl a0.150.0015.09
Depth0.150.0014.98
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ohs-2016-0019 | Journal eISSN: 1897-3191 | Journal ISSN: 1730-413X
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Language: English
Page range: 202 - 215
Submitted on: Aug 17, 2015
Accepted on: Sep 21, 2015
Published on: Jun 22, 2016
Published by: University of Gdańsk
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
filamentous algae,
free-floating mat,
Cladophora,
Oedogonium,
Spirogyra
Related subjects:
Chemistry,
Chemistry, other,
Geosciences,
Geosciences, other,
Life sciences,
Life sciences, other

© 2016 Marta Pikosz, Beata Messyasz, published by University of Gdańsk
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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