Pine pollen grains in coastal waters of the Baltic Sea

Pawlik, Magdalena; Ficek, Dariusz

doi:10.1515/ohs-2016-0004

Abstract

Measurements relating to a yellow deposit covering large areas of the Baltic Sea in spring are reported. Analysis of water samples showed it to be of terrestrial origin and to consist mainly of pine pollen grains. The equivalent spherical diameter (ESD) of these grains ranged from 29.1 to 78.4 μm, with a maximum between 47.7 and 56.3 μm. Surface water concentrations of pollen in the coastal zone near Ustka showed that its proportion in the total suspended particulate matter (SPM) might be as high as 30-40%. Such high surface water concentrations of hitherto neglected substances critical to water color formation can give rise to serious errors in remote measurements of water composition and properties.

References

Antoine, D., Babin, M., Berthon, J., Bricaud, A., Gentili, B. et al. (2014). Shedding Light on the Sea: Andre Morel’s Legacy to Optical Oceanography. Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci. 6: 1-21. DOI:10.1146/annurev-marine-010213-135135.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Dyakowska, J. (1959). Textbook of palynologii. Methods and problems. Warszawa: Wyd. Geologiczne, (In Polish).
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Faegri, K. & Iversen, J. (1978). Textbook of Pollen Analysis. Warszawa: Wyd. Geologiczne, 250 p. (In Polish).
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
HELCOM (2001). Manual for marine monitoring in the COMBINE programme of HELCOM, Part C. Programme for monitoring of eutrophication and its effects, Annex C-6: Phytoplankton species composition, abundance and biomass, Balt. Mar. Environ. Prot. Commiss., Helsinki, from http:// www.helcom.fi/groups/monas/CombineManual/AnnexesC/ enGB/ annex6/.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kaczmarek, S. & Woźniak, B. (1995). The application of the optical classification of waters in the Baltic Sea (Case 2 Waters). Oceanologia. 37(2): 285-297.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Karp-Boss, L., Azevedo, L. & Boss, E. (2007). LISST-100 measurements of phytoplankton size distribution: evaluation of the effects of cell shape. Limnol. Oceanogr.: Methods 5: 396-406.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Keller, M.D. & Matrai, P.A. (1998). Optical Characteristics of Pollen Grains in Coastal Waters of the Gulf of Marine. West Boothbay Harbor: Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 6p.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Koski, V. (1970). A study of pollen dispersal as a mechanism of gene flow in conifers. Metsatutkimuslaistoksu julkasuja 70(4): 7-78.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kowalczuk, P. (1999). Seasonal variability of yellow substance absorption in the surface layer of the Baltic Sea. J. Geophys. Res. 104(C12): 30047–30058, DOI:10.1029/1999JC900198.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Latałowa, M. & Góra, M. (1996). Aeropalynology – investigation on airborne pollen. Wiadomości Botaniczne 40(2): 29-37 (In Polish).
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Morel, A. & Prieur, L. (1977). Analysis of variations in ocean color, Limnol. Oceanogr. 22 (4): 709-722.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wodehouse, R. (1935). Pollen grains. Their structure, identification and significance in science and medicine. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York and London, 1-574.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Woźniak, S.B., Meler, J., Lednicka, B., Zdun, A., Stoń-Egiert, J. (2011). Inherent optical properties of suspended particulate matter in the southern Baltic Sea. Oceanologia, 53(3), pp. 691-729.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Zajączkowski, G., Jabłoński, M., Jabłoński, T., Małecka, M., Kowalska, A. et al. (2014). Report on the state forests in Poland 2013. Warszawa: Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa, 103 p. (In Polish).
Search in Google Scholar Back to article

Pine pollen grains in coastal waters of the Baltic Sea

Abstract

Paradigm

My account