Preliminary results of radon survey in thermal spas in V4 countries

Monika Műllerová; Jadwiga Mazur; Pavol Blahušiak; Dominik Grządziel; Karol Holý; Tibor Kovács; Krzysztof Kozak; Erika Nagy; Martin Neznal; Matej Neznal; Amin Shahrokhi

doi:10.1515/nuka-2016-0050

Abstract

Radon concentration was measured in 11 thermal spas in Visegrad countries (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia). The results showed that in 84% of spas radon activity concentration is less than 400 Bq·m⁻³. However, areas with radon activity concentration exceeding 1000 Bq·m⁻³ were found in the Czech Republic and Slovakia as well. Preliminary analyses indicated that the highest radon activities in spas were found in places with thermal pools. Radon concentration in waters used in spas ranged from 0.5 Bq/l to 384 Bq/l. The influence of radon activity concentration in water on radon activity in the air inside the spa was observed. It was found to increase indoor radon with increasing radon in the waters. Correlation with indoor radon and radon in water was more significant for baths and less significant for pool waters. In the cases filling of the bath from water taps, significantly contribute to the increased radon was observed in the pool and bath areas of the spa.

References

Lučivjanský, L., & Ďurecová, A. (2000). Natural radioactivity of mineral waters in Slovakia. In II. Conference on Radioactivity in the Environment, 17–18 May 2000 (pp. 82–86). Spišská Nová Ves, Slovak Republic: Uranpress Ltd. (in Slovak).
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Koteles, Gy. J. (2007). Radon risk in spas? Cent. Eur. J. Occup. Environ. Med., 13(1), 3–16.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Szerbin, P. (1996). Natural radioactivity of certain spas and caves in Hungary. Environ. Int., 22(Suppl. 1), S389–S398.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Przylibski, T. A., & Żebrowski, A. (1999). Origin of radon in medicinal waters of Lądek Zdrój (Sudety Mountains, SW Poland). J. Environ. Radioact., 46, 121–129.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Vogiannis, E., Nikolopoulos, D., Louizi, A., & Halvadakis, C. P. (2004). Radon variations during treatment in thermal spas of Lesvos Island (Greece). J. Environ. Radioact., 75, 159–170. 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2003.12.002.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Radolić, V., Vuković, B., Šmit, G., Stanić, D., & Planinić, J. (2005). Radon in the spas of Croatia. J. Environ. Radioact., 83, 191–198. 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2005.02.016.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Vaupotič, J., & Kobal, I. (2001). Radon exposure in Slovenian spas. Radiat. Prot. Dosim., 97(3), 265–270.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Nikolov, J., Todorovic, N., Petrovic Pantic, T., Forkapic, S., Mrdja, D., Bikit, I., Krmar, M., & Veskovic, M. (2012). Exposure to radon in the radon spa Niška Banja, Serbia. Radiat. Meas., 47, 443–450. 10.1016/j.radmeas.2012.04.006.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gombala, E., Ďurec, F., Blažekova, M., & Vičanová, M. (1997). Radon in spa atmosphere of spa in Middle-Slovak region. In 1st Conference on the Radioactivity in the Environment, 21–22 October 1997 (pp. 99–101). Spišská Nová Ves, Slovak Republic: Uranpress Ltd. (in Slovak).
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Thinova, L., & Burian, I. (2008). Effective dose assessment for workers in caves in the Czech Republic: Experiments with passive radon detectors. Radiat. Prot. Dosim., 13(1), 48–51. 10.1093/rpd/ncn118.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Neznal, M., Blahušiak, P., Grzadziel, D., Holý, K., Kovács, T., Kozak, K., Mazur, J., Műllerová, M., Nagy, E., Neznal, M., & Shahrokhi, A. (2014). International intercomparison measurement of radon concentration in water. In 12th International Workshop on the Geological Aspects of Radon Risk Mapping, 16–18 September 2014 (pp. 164–172). Prague, Czech Republic: Czech Geological Survey.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article

Preliminary results of radon survey in thermal spas in V4 countries

Abstract

Paradigm

My account