XRF patterns of magnetite Fe3O4 nanoparticles synthesized by different sodium salts (a) Na2CO3, (b) NaAc, (c) NaAc-CIT and (d) NaAc-oxallat.
Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of magnetite Fe3O4 nanoparticles: (a) NaAc as sodium salt, (b) Na2CO3 which shows the lowest average crystallite size, (c) NaAc-Cit and (d) NaAc-oxallat. The red bars represent the standard pattern of Fe3O4 (PDF Card No. 19-0629).
Table 1
Crystallite size values of magnetite Fe3O4 nanoparticles synthesized by different sodium salts for different peaks.
Dh k l = Calculated crystallize size [nm] | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| h k l | Sample 1 | Sample 2 | Sample 3 | Sample 4 | ||||||||
| 2θ | FWHM | Dh k l | 2θ | FWHM | Dh k l | 2θ | FWHM | Dh k l | 2θ | FWHM | Dh k l | |
| (1 1 1) | 18.34 | 0.18 | 46.72 | 17.52 | 0.30 | 28 | 17.35 | 0.30 | 27.99 | 18.41 | 0.18 | 46.72 |
| (2 2 0) | 30.15 | 0.12 | 71.64 | 30.36 | 0.24 | 35.84 | 30.19 | 0.24 | 35.82 | 30.18 | 0.12 | 71.65 |
| (3 1 1) | 35.50 | 0.18 | 48.42 | 35.60 | 0.30 | 29.06 | 35.61 | 0.30 | 29.61 | 35.55 | 0.18 | 48.43 |
| (4 0 0) | 43.13 | 0.18 | 49.59 | 43.32 | 0.30 | 29.77 | 43.20 | 0.30 | 29.76 | 43.19 | 0.30 | 29.76 |
| (4 2 2) | 53.49 | 0.18 | 51.64 | 53.68 | 0.18 | 51.67 | 53.52 | 0.18 | 51.64 | 53.52 | 0.30 | 30.99 |
| (5 1 1) | 56.99 | 0.12 | 78.7 | 57.27 | 0.24 | 39.40 | 57.24 | 0.24 | 39.40 | 57.06 | 0.12 | 78.73 |
| (4 4 0) | 62.57 | 0.12 | 80.93 | 62.86 | 0.24 | 40.53 | 62.90 | 0.24 | 40.54 | 62.65 | 0.24 | 40.48 |
| (6 2 0) | 70.97 | 0.18 | 56.63 | 71.39 | 0.30 | 34.06 | 71.18 | 0.12 | 85.05 | 71.03 | 0.18 | 56.65 |
| (6 2 2) | 74.03 | 0.24 | 43.31 | 74.33 | 0.24 | 43.39 | 74.56 | 0.24 | 43.46 | 74.08 | 0.12 | 86.64 |
SEM images of the synthesized magnetic Fe3O4 particles: (a) NaAc, (b) Na2CO3, (c) NaAc-CIT, and (d) NaAc-oxallat.
FT-IR spectra of magnetite Fe3O4 nanoparticles: (a) NaAc sodium salts, (b) Na2CO3, (c) NaAc-Cit, (d) NaAc-oxallat.
(a) Effect of solution pH on uranium adsorption efficiency by different magnetite Fe3O4 nanoparticles, and (b) photographs of Fe3O4 dispersion and magnetic separation.
(a) Adsorption percentages, (b) Freundlich and (c) Langmuir isotherms for the adsorption of uranium ions onto magnetite Fe3O4 nanoparticles synthesized based on the Na2CO3 as the selected sodium salt.