The Conflicting Implications of the Right to Information as Recognised by Public International Law
References
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- [2] Toby Mendel, Right to Information: Recent Spread of RTI Legislation (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2014) Right to information working paper series, <https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/22528> (visited 12 March 2018), p. 2- 3
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- [10] Article 19, Universal Declaration of Human Rights, G.A. Res. 217A (III), 10 December 1948, U. N. Doc. A/810 at 71 (1948)
- [11] Article 19, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 16 December 1966, in force 23 March 1976, 999 UNTS 171
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- [14] The United Nations Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- [15] Joint Declaration by the UN Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Opinion and Expression, the OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media and the OAS Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Expression, 6 December 2004 as quoted by Maeve McDonagh, ‘The Right to Information in International Human Rights Law’ (2013) 13:1 Human Rights Law Review, <https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2446424> (visited 12 March 2018) 25-55 p. 30 fn. 23
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- [19] Supra note 10
- [20] Supra note 11
- [21] Council of Europe Convention on Access to Official Documents 2009, 18 June 2009, ETS 205. The Convention will enter into force when ratified by ten states; as of 26 March 2018, it has been signed by fourteen states, nine of which have ratified it.
- [22] The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-Making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters, 25 June 1998, in force 30 October 2001, 161 UNTS 447; 38 ILM 517 (1999)
- [23] M. Bossuyt, Guide to the “Travaux Préparatoires” of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1987), pp. 373-402 as quoted by Toby Mendel, Right to Information: Recent Spread of RTI Legislation (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2014) Right to information working paper series, <https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/22528> (visited 12 March 2018), p. 4, fn. 4. In fn. 4 Mendel stated that ‘The travaux préparatoires for Article 19 of the ICCPR, meticulously recorded by Marc Bossuyt, do not even hint at this idea’.
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- [25] Supra note 10
- [26] Report of the UN Special Rapporteur on the protection and promotion of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, E/CN.4/20.05/64, 2005, para. 39 as quoted by Maeve McDonagh, ‘The Right to Information in International Human Rights Law’ (2013) 13:1 Human Rights Law Review, <https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2446424> (visited 12 March 2018) 25-55 p. 30
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- [28] Supra note 12, Articles 6, 8 and 10
- [29] Supra note 22
- [30] European Commission, Environment, <http://ec.europa.eu/environment/aarhus/> (visited 25 March 2018)
- [31] Supra note 22, Article 6, 7 and 8
- [32] Supra note 22, Article 2 item 2
- [33] Supra note 22, Article 2 item 5
- [34] Supra note 22, Article 9
- [35] Supra note 21
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- [37] Supra note 21, Article 1
- [38] Supra note 21, Article 2
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- [40] Supra note 21, Article 4 para. 1
- [41] Supra note 21, Article 4 para. 2
- [42] Supra note 21, Article 5 para. 6
- [43] Supra note 21, Article 3 para. 2
- [44] Supra note 21, Article 3 para. 1
- [45] <https://www.coe.int/en/web/conventions/full-list/-/conventions/treaty/205/signatures?p_auth=oAGJ4z33> (visited 25 March 2018) The 14 states that have signed the Convention are Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Estonia, Georgia, Hungary, Lithuania, Moldova, Montenegro, Norway, Serbia, Slovenia, Sweden, The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Finland.
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- [49] Claude Reyes and Others v. Chile, Case no. 19/2006, Inter-American Court of Human Rights, Series C 151 (2006), Judgement (19 September 2006), para. 86
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- [51] Társaság A Szabadságjogokért v. Hungary, Application No. 37374/05, European Court of Human Rights, Judgement (14 April 2009)
- [52] Supra note 16
- [53] Supra note 49
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- [55] Supra note 54, para 77
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- [67] Supra note 22, para. 1and Preamble, Recital 9
- [68] Supra note 21, Preamble
- [69] Supra note 21, Preamb
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- [71] Florini, ‘Introduction: The Battle Over Transparency’, in Florini (ed.), The Right to Know: Transparency for an OpenWorld (NewYork: Columbia University Press, 2007) 3 as quoted by Maeve McDonagh, ‘The Right to Information in International Human Rights Law’ (2013) 13:1 Human Rights Law Review, <https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2446424> (visited 12 March 2018) 25-55 p. 38 fn. 69
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- [73] Supra note 17, para. 20
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- [76] <https://www.article19.org/issue/access-to-information/> (visited 25 March 2018)
- [77] Supra note 16, para. 13
- [78] Supra note 16, para. 14
- [79] Supra note 16, para. 23
- [80] Supra note 16, para. 15
- [81] Supra note 16, para. 15
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- [83] <https://www.article19.org/resources/counterterrorism-emergency-powers-protectioncivic- space/ > (visited 25 March 2018)
- [84] ICCPR art. 19, para.3; ECHR Art. 10, para. 2
- [85] Convention on Access to Official Documents Art. 3, para. 1, letter a; Aarhus Convention Art. 4 para. 4 letter b
- [86] ECHR Art. 10, para. 2
- [87] Convention on Access to Official Documents Art. 3, para. 1, letter b
- [88] Convention on Access to Official Documents Art. 3, para. 1, letter c
- [89] Convention on Access to Official Documents Art. 3, para. 1, letter f
- [90] Supra note 16, para. 22
- [91] Supra note 16, para. 22
- [92] Supra note 16, para. 28
- [93] Supra note 16, para. 33
- [94] Supra note 16, para. 34.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/kbo-2018-0092 | Journal eISSN: 2451-3113
Language: English
Page range: 212 - 220
Published on: Jul 26, 2018
Published by: Nicolae Balcescu Land Forces Academy
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
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© 2018 Bilyana Borisova Manova, published by Nicolae Balcescu Land Forces Academy
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