Have a personal or library account? Click to login
The Impact of Question Format, Context, and Content on Survey Answers in Early and Late Adolescence Cover

The Impact of Question Format, Context, and Content on Survey Answers in Early and Late Adolescence

Journal of Official Statistics
Volume 32 (2016): Issue 2 (June 2016)
By: Nadine Diersch and  Eva Walther  
Open Access
|May 2016

References

  1. Bickart, B.A. 1992. “Question-Order Effects and Brand Evaluations: The Moderating Role of Consumer Knowledge.” In Context Effects in Social and Psychological Research, edited by N. Schwarz and S. Sudman. 63–80. New York: Springer.10.1007/978-1-4612-2848-6_6
    Search in Google Scholar
  2. Bishop, G.F., R.W. Oldendick, and A.J. Tuchfarber. 1983. “Effects of Filter Questions in Public Opinion Surveys.” Public Opinion Quarterly 47: 528–546. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/268810.
    Search in Google Scholar
  3. Bishop, G.F. 1987. “Context Effects on Self-Perceptions of Interest in Government and Public Affairs.” In Social Information Processing and Survey Methodology, edited by H.-J. Hippler, N. Schwarz, and S. Sudman. 179–199. New York: Springer.10.1007/978-1-4612-4798-2_10
    Search in Google Scholar
  4. Borgers, N., E. de Leeuw, and J. Hox. 2000. “Children as Respondents in Survey Research: Cognitive Development and Response Quality.” Bulletin de Méthodologie Sociologique 66: 60–75. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/075910630006600106.
    Search in Google Scholar
  5. Borgers, N., D. Sikkel, and J. Hox. 2004. “Response Effects in Surveys on Children and Adolescents: The Effect of Number of Response Options, Negative Wording, and Neutral Mid-Point.” Quality & Quantity 38: 17–33. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:QUQU.0000013236.29205.a6.
    Search in Google Scholar
  6. Ceci, S.J., D.F. Ross, and M.P. Toglia. 1987. “Suggestibility of Children’s Memory: Psycholegal Implications.” Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 116: 38–49. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.116.1.38.
    Search in Google Scholar
  7. De Leeuw, E., N. Borgers, and A. Smits. 2004. “Pretesting Questionnaires for Children and Adolescents.” In Methods for Testing and Evaluating Survey Questionnaires, edited by S. Presser, J.M. Rothgeb, M.P. Couper, J.T. Lessler, E. Martin, J. Martin, and E. Singer. 409–429. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons.10.1002/0471654728.ch20
    Search in Google Scholar
  8. Fallon, Jr., T. and M. Schwab-Stone. 1994. “Determinants of Reliability in Psychiatric Surveys of Children Aged 6–12.” Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 35: 1391–1408. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1994.tb01282.x.7868635
    Search in Google Scholar
  9. Festinger, L. 1954. “A Theory of Social Comparison Processes.” Human Relations 7: 117–140. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001872675400700202.
    Search in Google Scholar
  10. Fuchs, M. 2005. “Children and Adolescents as Respondents: Experiments on Question Order, Response Order, Scale Effects and the Effect of Numeric Values Associated with Response Options.” Journal of Official Statistics 21: 701–725.
    Search in Google Scholar
  11. Fuchs, M. 2009. “The Reliability of Children’s Survey Responses: The Impact of Cognitive Functioning on Respondent Behavior.” In Proceedings of Statistics Canada Symposium 2008. Data Collection: Challenges, Achievements and New Directions. Ottawa: StatCan. Available at: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/11-522-x/2008000/article/10961-eng.pdf (accessed June 2013).
    Search in Google Scholar
  12. Gawronski, B. and J. Cesario. 2013. “Of Mice and Men: What Animal Research Can Tell Us About Context Effects on Automatic Responses in Humans.” Personality and Social Psychology Review 17: 187–215. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1088868313480096.23470281
    Search in Google Scholar
  13. Goswami, U. 2010. The Wiley-Blackwell Handbook of Childhood Cognitive Development, 2nd ed. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.10.1002/9781444325485
    Search in Google Scholar
  14. Heinzel, F. 2000. “Methoden und Zugänge der Kindheitsforschung im Überblick.” In Methoden der Kindheitsforschung: Ein Überblick über Forschungszugänge zur kindlichen Perspektive, edited by F. Heinzel. 21–35. Weinheim: Juventa.
    Search in Google Scholar
  15. Kane, E. and H. Schuman. 1991. “Open Survey Questions as Measures of Personal Concern with Issues: A Reanalysis of Stouffer’s Communism, Conformity, and Civil Liberties.” In Sociological Methodology, edited by P. Marsden. 81–96. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.10.2307/270932
    Search in Google Scholar
  16. Knäuper, B., N. Schwarz, D. Park, and A. Fritsch. 2007. “The Perils of Interpreting Age Differences in Attitude Reports: Question Order Effects Decrease with Age.” Journal of Official Statistics 23: 515–528.
    Search in Google Scholar
  17. Kränzl-Nagl, R. and L. Wilk. 2000. “Möglichkeiten und Grenzen standardisierter Befragungen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Faktoren soziale und personale Wünschbarkeit.” In Methoden der Kindheitsforschung: Ein Ü berblick über Forschungszugänge zur kindlichen Perspektive, edited by F. Heinzel. 59–75. Weinheim: Juventa.
    Search in Google Scholar
  18. Krosnick, J.A. 1991. “Response Strategies for Coping With the Cognitive Demands of Attitude Measures in Surveys.” Applied Cognitive Psychology 5: 213–236. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acp.2350050305.
    Search in Google Scholar
  19. Krosnick, J.A. 1999. “Survey Research.” Annual Review of Psychology 50: 537–567. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.50.1.537.15012463
    Search in Google Scholar
  20. Krosnick, J.A. and D.F. Alwin. 1987. “An Evaluation of a Cognitive Theory of Response-Order Effects.” Public Opinion Quarterly 51: 201–219. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/269029.
    Search in Google Scholar
  21. Lipski, J. 2000. “Zur Verlässlichkeit der Angaben von Kindern bei standardisierten Befragungen.” In Methoden der Kindheitsforschung: Ein Überblick über Forschungszugänge zur kindlichen Perspektive, edited by F. Heinzel. 77–86. Weinheim: Juventa.
    Search in Google Scholar
  22. Livingstone, S., L. Haddon, and A. Gorzig. 2012. Children, Risk and Safety Online: Research and Policy Challenges in Comparative Perspective. Bristol: The Policy Press.10.1332/policypress/9781847428837.001.0001
    Search in Google Scholar
  23. Martin, L.L. and T.F. Harlow. 1992. “Basking and Brooding: The Motivating Effects of Filter Questions in Surveys.” In Context Effects in Social and Psychological Research, edited by N. Schwarz and S. Sudman. 81–96. New York: Springer.10.1007/978-1-4612-2848-6_7
    Search in Google Scholar
  24. McNeal, J.U. 1992. Kids as Customers: A Handbook of Marketing to Children. New York: Lexington Books.
    Search in Google Scholar
  25. Preacher, K.J. 2002. Calculation for the Test of the Difference Between Two Independent Correlation Coefficients [Computer software]. Available at: http://quantpsy.org. (accessed June 2013).
    Search in Google Scholar
  26. Reynolds, W.M. 1993. “Self Report Methodology.” In Handbook of Child and Adolescent Assessment, edited by T.H. Ollendick and M. Hersen. 98–120. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
    Search in Google Scholar
  27. Schuman, H. and S. Presser. 1981. Questions and Answers in Attitude Surveys: Experiments on Question Form, Wording, and Context. New York: Academic Press.
    Search in Google Scholar
  28. Schwarz, N. 1999. “Self-Reports: How the Questions Shape the Answers.” American Psychologist 54: 93–105. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.54.2.93.
    Search in Google Scholar
  29. Schwarz, N. 2003. “Self-Reports in Consumer Research: The Challenge of Comparing Cohorts and Cultures.” Journal of Consumer Research 29: 588–594. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/346253.
    Search in Google Scholar
  30. Schwarz, N. and J. Bienias. 1990. “What Mediates the Impact of Response Alternatives on Frequency Reports of Mundane Behaviors?” Applied Cognitive Psychology 4: 61–72. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acp.2350040106.
    Search in Google Scholar
  31. Schwarz, N., H. Bless, F. Strack, G. Klumpp, H. Rittenauer-Schatka, and A. Simons. 1991. “Ease of Retrieval as Information: Another Look at the Availability Heuristic.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 61: 195–202. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.61.2.195.
    Search in Google Scholar
  32. Schwarz, N. and G. Bohner. 2001. “The Construction of Attitudes.” In Blackwell Handbook of Social Psychology: Intraindividual Processes, edited by A. Tesser and N. Schwarz. 436–457. Oxford: Blackwell.10.1111/b.9780631210344.2002.00022.x
    Search in Google Scholar
  33. Schwarz, N. and H.J. Hippler. 1995. “Subsequent Questions May Influence Answers to Preceding Questions in Mail Surveys.” Public Opinion Quarterly 59: 93–97. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/269460.
    Search in Google Scholar
  34. Schwarz, N., H.J. Hippler, B. Deutsch, and F. Strack. 1985. “Response Scales: Effects of Category Range on Reported Behavior and Comparative Judgments.” Public Opinion Quarterly 49: 388–395. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/268936.
    Search in Google Scholar
  35. Schwarz, N. and D. Oyserman. 2001. “Asking Questions About Behavior: Cognition, Communication, and Questionnaire Construction.” American Journal of Evaluation 22: 127–161. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109821400102200202.
    Search in Google Scholar
  36. Scott, J. 2008. “Children as Respondents: The Challenge for Quantitative Methods.” In Research with Children: Perspectives and Practices, edited by P. Christensen and A. James. 87–108. London: Routledge.
    Search in Google Scholar
  37. Strack, F. 1992. “‘Order Effects’ in Survey Research: Activation and Information Functions of Preceding Questions.” In Context Effects in Social and Psychological Research, edited by N. Schwarz and S. Sudman. 23–34. New York: Springer.10.1007/978-1-4612-2848-6_3
    Search in Google Scholar
  38. Strack, F. 1994. Zur Psychologie der standardisierten Befragung: Kognitive und Kommunikative Prozesse. Berlin: Springer.10.1007/978-3-642-78890-1
    Search in Google Scholar
  39. Strack, F. and N. Schwarz. 2007. “Asking Questions: Measurement in the Social Sciences.” In Psychology’s Territories: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives from Different Disciplines, edited by M. Ash and T. Sturm. 225–250. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
    Search in Google Scholar
  40. Tourangeau, R. and K.A. Rasinski. 1988. “Cognitive Processes Underlying Context Effects in Attitude Measurement.” Psychological Bulletin 103: 299–314.10.1037/0033-2909.103.3.299
    Search in Google Scholar
  41. Tourangeau, R., K.A. Rasinski, N. Bradburn, and R. D’Andrade. 1989. “Carryover Effects in Attitude Surveys.” Public Opinion Quarterly 53: 495–524. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/269169.
    Search in Google Scholar
  42. Warren, A.R. and P. Lane. 1995. “Effects of Timing and Type of Questioning on Eyewitness Accuracy and Suggestibility.” In Memory and Testimony in the Child Witness, edited by M.S. Zaragoza, J.R. Graham, G.C.N. Hall, R. Hirschman and Y.S. Ben-Porath. 44–60. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
    Search in Google Scholar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/jos-2016-0018 | Journal eISSN: 2001-7367
Journal RSS Feed
Language: English
Page range: 307 - 328
Submitted on: Apr 1, 2014
|
Accepted on: Aug 1, 2015
|
Published on: May 28, 2016
Published by: Sciendo
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
Attitude judgments,
question order effects,
social influence,
survey methodology,
younger survey respondents
Related subjects:
Mathematics,
Probability and statistics

© 2016 Nadine Diersch, Eva Walther, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Previous articleVolume 32 (2016): Issue 2 (June 2016)Next article