References
- Aelamanesh, P., Mosaddeghi, M.R., Mahboubi, A.A., Ahrens, B., Sinegani, A.A.S., 2014. Water repellency in calcareous soils under different land uses in Western Iran. Pedosphere, 24, 378–390.
- Almog, R., Yair, A., 2007. Negative and positive effects of topsoil biological crusts on water availability along a rainfall gradient in a sandy arid area. Catena, 70, 437–442.
- Bachmann, J., Woche, S.K., Goebel, M.-O., Kirkham, M.B., Horton, R., 2003. Extended methodology for determining wetting properties of porous media: Determining wetting properties of soil. Water Resour. Res., 39, doi: 10.1029/2003WR002143
- Bachmann, J., Arye, G., Deurer, M., Woche, S.K., Horton, R., Hartge, K.-H., Chen, Y., 2006. Universality of a surface tension—contact-angle relation for hydrophobic soils of different texture. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci., 169, 745–753.
- Belnap, J., 2006. The potential roles of biological soil crusts in dryland hydrologic cycles. Hydrol. Process., 20, 3159–3178.
- Belnap, J., Gillette, D.A., 1998. Vulnerability of desert biological soil crusts to wind erosion: the influences of crust development, soil texture, and disturbance. J. Arid Environ., 39, 133–142.
- Belnap, J., Phillips, S.L., Herrick, J.E., Johansen, J.R., 2007. Wind erodibility of soils at Fort Irwin, California (Mojave Desert), USA, before and after trampling disturbance: implications for land management. Earth Surf. Process. Landf., 32, 75–84.
- Bisdom, E.B.A., Dekker, L.W., Schoute, J.F.T., 1993. Water repellency of sieve fractions from sandy soils and relationships with organic material and soil structure. Geoderma, 56, 105–118.
- Büdel, B., Veste, M., 2008. Biological crusts. In: Breckle, S.-W., Yair, A., Veste, M. (Eds.): Arid Dune Ecosystems. The Nizzana Sands in the Negev Desert. Springer, Berlin, pp. 149–155.
- Chamizo, S., Cantón, Y., Lázaro, R., Solé-Benet, A., Domingo, F., 2012. Crust composition and disturbance drive infiltration through biological soil crusts in semiarid ecosystems. Ecosystems, 15, 148–161.
- de Blas, E., Almendros, G., Sanz, J., 2013. Molecular characterization of lipid fractions from extremely water-repellent pine and eucalyptus forest soils. Geoderma, 206, 75–84.
- Dekker, L.W., Doerr, S.H., Oostindie, K., Ziogas, A.K., Ritsema, C.J., 2001. Water repellency and critical soil water content in a dune sand. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 65, 1667–1674.
- Diehl, D., 2013. Soil water repellency: Dynamics of heterogeneous surfaces. Colloids Surf. Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 432, 8–18.
- Doerr, S.H., Shakesby, R.A., Walsh, R.P.D., 2000. Soil water repellency: its causes, characteristics and hydro-geomorphological significance. Earth-Sci. Rev., 51, 33–65.
- Drahorad, S.L., Felix-Henningsen, P., 2013. Application of an electronic micropenetrometer to assess mechanical stability of biological soil crusts. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci., 176, 904–909.
- Drahorad, S.L., Felix-Henningsen, P., Eckhardt, K.-U., Leinweber, P., 2013a. Spatial carbon and nitrogen distribution and organic matter characteristics of biological soil crusts in the Negev desert (Israel) along a rainfall gradient. J. Arid Environ., 94, 18–26.
- Drahorad, S.L., Steckenmesser, D., Felix-Henningsen, P., Lichner, Ľ., Rodný, M., 2013b. Ongoing succession of biological soil crusts increases water repellency – a case study on Arenosols in Sekule, Slovakia. Biologia, 68, 1089–1093.
- Eldridge, D.J., Zaady, E., Shachak, M., 2000. Infiltration through three contrasting biological soil crusts in patterned landscapes in the Negev, Israel. Catena, 40, 323–336.
- Eldridge, D.J., Bowker, M.A., Maestre, F.T., Alonso, P., Mau, R.L., Papadopoulos, J., Escudero, A., 2010. Interactive effects of three ecosystem engineers on infiltration in a semi-arid mediterranean grassland. Ecosystems, 13, 499–510.
- Eynard, A., Schumacher, T.E., Lindstrom, M.J., Malo, D.D., Kohl, R.A., 2006. Effects of aggregate structure and organic C on wettability of Ustolls. Soil Tillage Res., 88, 205–216.
- Felde, V.J.M.N.L., Peth, S., Uteau-Puschmann, D., Drahorad, S., Felix-Henningsen, P., 2014. Soil microstructure as an under-explored feature of biological soil crust hydrological properties: case study from the NW Negev Desert. Biodivers. Conserv., 23, 1687–1708.
- Fischer, T., Veste, M., Wiehe, W., Lange, P., 2010. Water repellency and pore clogging at early successional stages of microbiotic crusts on inland dunes, Brandenburg, NE Germany. Catena, 80, 47–52.
- Fischer, T., Yair, A., Veste, M., Geppert, H., 2013. Hydraulic properties of biological soil crusts on sand dunes studied by 13C-CP/MAS-NMR: A comparison between an arid and a temperate site. Catena, 110, 155–160.
- Graber, E.R., Tagger, S., Wallach, R., 2009. Role of divalent fatty acid salts in soil water repellency. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 73, 541–549.
- Hagemann, M., Henneberg, M., Felde, V.J.M.N.L., Drahorad, S.L., Berkowicz, S.M., Felix-Henningsen, P., Kaplan, A., 2014. Cyanobacterial diversity in biological soil crusts along a precipitation gradient, Northwest Negev Desert, Israel. Microb. Ecol., doi:10.1007/s00248-014-0533-z
- Hajnos, M., Calka, A., Jozefaciuk, G., 2013. Wettability of mineral soils. Geoderma, 206, 63–69.
- Hakanpää, J., Paananen, A., Askolin, S., Nakari-Setälä, T., Parkkinen, T., Penttilä, M., Linder, M.B., Rouvinen, J., 2004. Atomic resolution structure of the HFBII hydrophobin, a self-assembling amphiphile. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 279, 534–539.
- Hallett, P.D., 2008. A brief overview of the causes, impacts and amelioration of soil water repellency – a review. Soil Water Res., 3, 21–29.
- Hallett, P.D., Young, I.M., 1999. Changes to water repellence of soil aggregates caused by substrate-induced microbial activity. Eur. J. Soil Sci., 50, 35–40.
- Hallett, P.D., Baumgartl, T., Young, I.M., 2001. Subcritical water repellency of aggregates from a range of soil management practices. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 65, 184–190.
- Hallett, P.D., Nunan, N., Douglas, J.T., Young, I.M., 2004. Millimeter-scale spatial variability in soil water sorptivity: scale, surface elevation, and subcritical repellency effects. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 68, 352–358.
- Heusinkveld, B.G., Berkowicz, S.M., Jacobs, A.F.G., Holtslag, A.A.M., Hillen, W.C.A.M., 2006. An automated microlysimeter to study dew formation and evaporation in arid and semiarid regions. J. Hydrometeorol., 7, 825–832.
- International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1998. Soil quality -- Determination of particle size distribution in mineral soil material -- Method by sieving and sedimentation. ISO 11277:1998-05-15.
- Karnieli, A., Kidron, G.J., Glaesser, C., Ben-Dor, E., 1999. Spectral characteristics of cyanobacteria soil crust in semiarid environments. Remote Sens. Environ., 69, 67–75.
- Kidron, G.J., Benenson, I., 2014. Biocrusts serve as biomarkers for the upper 30 cm soil water content. J. Hydrol., 509, 398–405.
- Kidron, G.J., Büdel, B., 2014. Contrasting hydrological response of coastal and desert biocrusts. Hydrol. Process., 28, 361–371.
- Kidron, G.J., Yaalon, D.H., Vonshak, A., 1999. Two causes for runoff initiation on microbiotic crusts: hydrophobicity and pore clogging. Soil Sci., 164, 18–27.
- Kidron, G.J., Vonshak, A., Dor, I., Barinova, S., Abeliovich, A., 2010. Properties and spatial distribution of microbiotic crusts in the Negev Desert, Israel. Catena, 82, 92–101.
- Kidron, G.J., Monger, H.C., Vonshak, A., Conrod, W., 2012. Contrasting effects of microbiotic crusts on runoff in desert surfaces. Geomorphology, 139–140, 484–494.
- Lamparter, A., Deurer, M., Bachmann, J., Duijnisveld, W.H.M., 2006. Effect of subcritical hydrophobicity in a sandy soil on water infiltration and mobile water content. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci., 169, 38–46.
- Lamparter, A., Bachmann, J., Deurer, M., Woche, S.K., 2010. Applicability of ethanol for measuring intrinsic hydraulic properies of sand with various water repellency levels. Vadose Zone J., 9, 445–450.
- Leelamanie, D.A.L., Karube, J., Yoshida, A., 2008. Characterizing water repellency indices: Contact angle and water drop penetration time of hydrophobized sand. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 54, 179–187.
- Letey, J., Carrillo, M.L., Pang, X., 2000. Approaches to characterize the degree of water repellency. J. Hydrol., 231–232, 61–65.
- Lichner, L., Hallett, P.D., Feeney, D.S., Ďugová, O., Šír, M., Tesař, M., 2007. Field measurement of soil water repellency and its impact on water flow under different vegetation. Biologia, 62, 537–541.
- Lichner, L., Hallett, P.D., Drongová, Z., Czachor, H., Kovacik, L., Mataix-Solera, J., Homolák, M., 2013. Algae influence the hydrophysical parameters of a sandy soil. Catena, 108, 58–68.
- Littmann, T., Berkowicz, S.M., 2008. The regional climatic setting. In: Breckle, S.-W., Yair, A., Veste, M. (Eds.): Arid Dune Ecosystems. The Nizzana Sands in the Negev Desert. Springer, Berlin, pp. 49–63.
- Maestre, F.T., Bowker, M.A., Cantón, Y., Castillo-Monroy, A.P., Cortina, J., Escolar, C., Escudero, A., Lázaro, R., Martínez, I., 2011. Ecology and functional roles of biological soil crusts in semi-arid ecosystems of Spain. J. Arid Environ., 75, 1282–1291.
- Mataix-Solera, J., Doerr, S., 2004. Hydrophobicity and aggregate stability in calcareous topsoils from fire-affected pine forests in southeastern Spain. Geoderma, 118, 77–88.
- Mataix-Solera, J., Arcenegui, V., Tessler, N., Zornoza, R., Wittenberg, L., Martínez, C., Caselles, P., Pérez-Bejarano, A., Malkinson, D., Jordán, M.M., 2013. Soil properties as key factors controlling water repellency in fire-affected areas: Evidences from burned sites in Spain and Israel. Catena, 108, 6–13.
- Mirbabaei, S.M., Shahrestani, M.S., Zolfaghari, A., Abkenar, K.T., 2013. Relationship between soil water repellency and some of soil properties in northern Iran. Catena, 108, 26–34.
- Nadav, I., Tarchitzky, J., Chen, Y., 2013. Induction of soil water repellency following irrigation with treated wastewater: effects of irrigation water quality and soil texture. Irrig. Sci., 31, 385–394.
- Orfánus, T., Bedrna, Z., Lichner, Ľ., Hallett, P.D., Kňava, K., Sebíň, M., 2008. Spatial variability of water repellency in pine forest soil. Soil Water Res., 3, 123–129.
- Rillig, M.C., 2005. A connection between fungal hydrophobins and soil water repellency? Pedobiologia, 49, 395–399.
- Rodríguez-Caballero, E., Cantón, Y., Chamizo, S., Afana, A., Solé-Benet, A., 2012. Effects of biological soil crusts on surface roughness and implications for runoff and erosion. Geomorphology, 145–146, 81–89.
- Rodríguez-Caballero, E., Cantón, Y., Chamizo, S., Lázaro, R., Escudero, A., 2013. Soil loss and runoff in semiarid ecosystems: a complex interaction between biological soil crusts, micro-topography, and hydrological drivers. Ecosystems, 16, 529–546.
- Schacht, K., Gönster, S., Jüschke, E., Chen, Y., Tarchitzky, J., Al-Bakri, J., Al-Karablieh, E., Marschner, B., 2011. Evaluation of soil sensitivity towards the irrigation with treated wastewater in the Jordan River Region. Water, 3, 1092–1111.
- Schacht, K., Chen, Y., Tarchitzky, J., Lichner, L., Marschner, B., 2014. Impact of treated wastewater irrigation on water repellency of Mediterranean soils. Irrig. Sci., 32, 369–378.
- Simkovic, I., Dlapa, P., Doerr, S.H., Mataix-Solera, J., Sasinkova, V., 2008. Thermal destruction of soil water repellency and associated changes to soil organic matter as observed by FTIR spectroscopy. Catena, 74, 205–211.
- Tsoar, H., 2008. Land use and its effect on the mobilization and stabilization of the North-Western Negev sand dunes. In: Breckle, S.-W., Yair, A., Veste, M. (Eds.): Arid Dune Ecosystems. The Nizzana Sands in the Negev Desert. Springer, Berlin, pp. 79–89.
- Varela, M.E., Benito, E., de Blas, E., 2005. Impact of wildfires on surface water repellency in soils of northwest Spain. Hydrol. Process., 19, 3649–3657.
- Verrecchia, E., Yair, A., Kidron, G.J., Verrecchia, K., 1995. Physical properties of the psammophile cryptogamic crust and their consequences to the water regime of sandy soils, north-western Negev Desert, Israel. J. Arid Environ., 29, 427–437.
- Veste, M., Littmann, T., Breckle, S.-W., Yair, A., 2001. The role of biological soil crusts on desert sand dunes of the north-western Negev (Israel). In: Breckle, S.-W., Veste, M., Wucherer, W. (Eds.): Sustainable Land-Use in Deserts. Springer, Heidelberg-New York-Tokyo, pp. 357–367.
- Veste, M., Breckle, S.-W., Eggert, K., Littmann, T., 2011. Vegetation pattern in arid sand dunes controlled by biological soil crusts along a climatic gradient in the Northern Negev desert. Basic Appl. Dryland Res., 5, 1–16.
- Vogelmann, E.S., Reichert, J.M., Prevedello, J., Consensa, C.O.B., Oliveira, A.É., Awe, G.O., Mataix-Solera, J., 2013. Threshold water content beyond which hydrophobic soils become hydrophilic: The role of soil texture and organic matter content. Geoderma, 209–210, 177–187.
- Walker, C., Lin, H.S., Fritton, D.D., 2006. Is the tension beneath a tension infiltrometer what we think it is? Vadose Zone J., 5, 860–866.
- Woche, S.K., Goebel, M.-O., Kirkham, M.B., Horton, R., Van der Ploeg, R.R., Bachmann, J., 2005. Contact angle of soils as affected by depth, texture, and land management. Eur. J. Soil Sci., 56, 239–251.
- Yair, A., 1990. Runoff generation in a sandy area - The Nizzana sands, Western Negev, Israel. Earth Surf. Process. Landf., 15, 597–609.
- Yair, A., Almog, R., Veste, M., 2011. Differential hydrological response of biological topsoil crusts along a rainfall gradient in a sandy arid area: Northern Negev desert, Israel. Catena, 87, 326–333.
- Young, I.M., Feeney, D.S., O’Donnell, A.G., Goulding, K.W.T., 2012. Fungi in century old managed soils could hold key to the development of soil water repellency. Soil Biol. Biochem., 45, 125–127.
- Zaady, E., Katra, I., Yizhaq, H., Kinast, S., Ashkenazy, Y., 2014. Inferring the impact of rainfall gradient on biocrusts’ developmental stage and thus on soil physical structures in sand dunes. Aeolian Res., 13, 81–89.