References
- [1] Friederich C.J., Constitutional Government and Democracy, Ginn Publishing House, Boston, 1950, p. 808
- [2] Direct Democracy, when people are self-governed; Representative democracy, when power, which cannot be exercised directly by the people or the nation, requires representation, delegation to act in the name of the power-holder, the people; Within it, the people delegate their sovereignty to some principals, who have the capacity to decide on their behalf; Semi-representative democracy, a form of government resulting from the mitigation of the negative consequences of ultra-representativeness; semi-direct democracy, characterized by the coexistence of representative democracy with direct democracy.
- [3] G. Sartori, The re-interpreted democracy theory, translated by D. Pop, Polirom Publishing House, 1999, p. 119
- [4] J.-C. Cabanne, Référendum et légitimité, in “Référendum et démocratie”, Presses de l’Université des Sciences sociales de Toulouse Publishing House, Toulouse, 1998, p. 71
- [5] Idem
- [6] S. Belaid, Essai d’une théorie générale du référendum, in “Référendum et démocratie”, Presses de l’Université des Sciences Socieles de Toulouse Publishing House, Toulouse, 1998, p. 37
- [7] G. Sartori, cited work., p. 122
- [8] F. Hamon, Hamon Francis, Le référendum. Étude comparative, L.G.D.J. Publishing House, Paris, 1995, p. 15-16
- [9] Geoffrey de Q. Walker, The People’s Law, Collingwood Publishing House, Victoria, Center for Independent Studies, 1987, p. 50
- [10] V. Constantin, Public International Law, West University Publishing House, Timişoara, 2004, p. 18
- [11] For details, S. Diémert, Le référendum d’initiative minoritaire dans l’art. 11, révisé, de la Constitution, in Revue française de Droit constitutionnel, 77, 2009, p. 55-97
- [12] D. Butler, A. Ranney, Referendums. A Study in Practice and Theory, Washington DC, American Entreprise Institute, 1978, p. 226
- [13] Vincent Auriol, President of the French Republic (1947-1954), Hier ... demain, vol. II, Charlot Publishing House, Paris, 1945, p. 202
- [14] J. Rivero, Consensus et légitimité, in “Pouvoirs - Revue française d’études constitutionnelles et politiques”, n. 5, 1978, Paris
- [15] André Malraux, Antimémoire, Gallimard Publishing House, Paris, 1967, p. 160
- [16] An example of this is Chile and its famous dictator, accused of crimes against humanity, Augusto Pinochet Ugarte. The 1981 state constitution, written by Pinochet’s military junta and approved by popular referendum, stipulated that at the end of Pinochet’s 8-year term, the junta would elect a candidate and the voters would be called upon to support or reject it. Junta chose Pinochet, but the referendum of October 5, 1988 had an unexpected result: Of 92% of the participants, 55% responded with no. Pinochet accepted the outcome, and in 1989, after a democratic election, which had been disputed among several candidates, Chile had a new president
- [17] This is the case of Belgium in 1950 on the return of King Leopold III to the throne, and the case of Great Britain in 1975 on the remaining in the European Economic Community.
- [18] For details, É. Seizelet, Le référendum d’intérêt national en matière constitutionnelle au Japon, in Revue française de Droit constitutionnel, 85/2011, p. 53-40
- [18] F. Esposito, Vers a nouveau pouvoir citoyen? Des référendums nationaux au référendum européen, Université de Genève, Bruulant-Académie Publishing House, Geneva, 2007, p. 96
- [19] Épiney A., Le référendum européen, in ‘Le référendum européen: actes du colloque international de Strasbourg, 21-22 février 1997’, Andreas Auer et Jean-François Flauss (éd.); Université de Genève, Centre d ‘études et de documentation sur la démocratie directe, Institut européen [et] Université Robert Schuman de Strasbourg, Centre d’études internationales et européennes, Institut des hautes études européennes, Bruylant Publishing House, Bruxelles, 1997, p. 292
- [20] For details, L. F. Uşvat, European Referendum, in the International Academic Conference on Law, Politics & Management, p. 92, The International Institute for Academic Development, Batumi, Georgia, 2015
- [21] P. de Visscher, Le plébiscite international, in La participation directe du citoyen à la vie politique et administrative”, Bruylant Publishing House, Bruxelles, 1986, p. 139
- [22] Idem
- [23] Celotto A., Regional and Local People Consultation through Referendum, Perspectives on Federalism, Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2012, p. 12