Heart Failure and Chronic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes

Simona Cernea

doi:10.1515/jim-2016-0066

.blurhash-client-img { display: none !important; }

Heart Failure and Chronic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes

Journal of Interdisciplinary Medicine

Volume 1 (2016): Issue 3 (December 2016)

By: Simona Cernea

Open Access

|Dec 2016

Abstract

Complex hemodynamic, neurohormonal and biochemical changes occur in heart failure and chronic kidney disease, and hyperglycemia/diabetes further accentuate the multifactorial pathogenetic mechanisms. The acknowledgement of concomitant heart and kidney dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes has major clinical implications with regards to prognosis, as they significantly increase the risk of mortality, and to therapeutical strategy of both conditions, as well as of hyperglycemia. A comprehensive interdisciplinary approach is needed in these cases in order to improve the outcomes.

References

1. Damman K, Valente MA, Voors AA, et al. Renal impairment, worsening renal function, and outcome in patients with heart failure: an updated meta-analysis. Eur Heart J. 2014;35:455-469.10.1093/eurheartj/eht386
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
2. Löfman I, Szummer K, Hagerman I, et al. Prevalence and prognostic impact of kidney disease on heart failure patients. Open Heart. 2016;3:e000324.10.1136/openhrt-2015-000324
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
3. Shiba N, Shimokawa H. Chronic kidney disease and heart failure — Bidirectional close link and common therapeutic goal. J Cardiol. 2011;57:8-17.10.1016/j.jjcc.2010.09.004
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
4. International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 2015. Available at: http://www.diabetesatlas.org
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
5. Thomas MC, Cooper ME, Zimmet P. Changing epidemiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus and associated chronic kidney disease. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2016;12:73-81.10.1038/nrneph.2015.173
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
6. Roberts AW, Clark AL, Witte KK. Review article: Left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure in metabolic syndrome and diabetes without overt coronary artery disease — do we need to screen our patients? Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2009;6:153-163.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
7. Boonman-de Winter LJ, Rutten FH, Cramer MJ, et al. High prevalence of previously unknown heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia. 2012;55:2154-2162.10.1007/s00125-012-2579-0
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
8. Kannel WB, Hjortland M, Castelli WP. Role of diabetes in congestive heart failure: the Framingham study. Am J Cardiol. 1974;34:29-34.10.1016/0002-9149(74)90089-7
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
9. American Diabetes Association. Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2017. Diabetes Care. 2017;40(Suppl1):S1-S135.10.2337/dci17-000728637893
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
10. Re RN. A Reassessment of the Pathophysiology of Progressive Cardiorenal Disorders. Med Clin North Am. 2017;101:103-115.10.1016/j.mcna.2016.08.00727884222
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
11. Schefold JC, Filippatos G, Hasenfuss G, et al. Heart failure and kidney dysfunction: epidemiology, mechanisms and management. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2016;12:610-623.10.1038/nrneph.2016.11327573728
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
12. Karnib HH, Ziyadeh FN. The cardiorenal syndrome in diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2010;89:201-208.10.1016/j.diabres.2010.05.02220599286
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
13. McMurray JJ, Gerstein HC, Holman RR, Pfeffer MA. Heart failure: a cardiovascular outcome in diabetes that can no longer be ignored. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2014;2:843-851.10.1016/S2213-8587(14)70031-2
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
14. Mullens W, Abrahams Z, Francis GS, et al. Importance of venous congestion for worsening of renal function in advanced decompensated heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;53:589-596.10.1016/j.jacc.2008.05.068285696019215833
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
15. Damman K, van Deursen VM, Navis G, Voors AA, van Veldhuisen DJ, Hillege HL. Increased central venous pressure is associated with impaired renal function and mortality in a broad spectrum of patients with cardiovascular disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;53:582-588.10.1016/j.jacc.2008.08.08019215832
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
16. Ramos HR, Birkenfeld AL, de Bold AJ. INTERACTING DISCIPLINES: Cardiac natriuretic peptides and obesity: perspectives from an endocrinologist and a cardiologist. Endocr Connect. 2015;4:R25-R36.10.1530/EC-15-0018448517726115665
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
17. Farmakis D, Filippatos G, Kremastinos DT, Gheorghiade M. Vasopressin and vasopressin antagonists in heart failure and hyponatremia. Curr Heart Fail Rep. 2008;5:91-96.10.1007/s11897-008-0015-z18765079
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
18. Lekawanvijit S, Krum H. Cardiorenal syndrome: acute kidney injury secondary to cardiovascular disease and role of protein-bound uraemic toxins. J Physiol. 2014;592:3969-3983.10.1113/jphysiol.2014.273078419800824907309
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
19. Rubattu S, Mennuni S, Testa M, et al. Pathogenesis of chronic cardiorenal syndrome: is there a role for oxidative stress? Int J Mol Sci. 2013;14:23011-23032.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
20. Ma RC. Genetics of cardiovascular and renal complications in diabetes. J Diabetes Investig. 2016;7:139-154.10.1111/jdi.12391477366127042264
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
21. Hundae A, McCullough PA. Cardiac and renal fibrosis in chronic cardiorenal syndromes. Nephron Clin Pract. 2014;127:106-112.10.1159/00036370525343831
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
22. Charytan DM, Fishbane S, Malyszko J, McCullough PA, Goldsmith D. Cardiorenal Syndrome and the Role of the Bone-Mineral Axis and Anemia. Am J Kidney Dis. 2015;66:196-120.10.1053/j.ajkd.2014.12.016451668325727384
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
23. Groenveld HF, Januzzi JL, Damman K, et al. Anemia and mortality in heart failure patients a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;52:818-827.10.1016/j.jacc.2008.04.06118755344
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
24. Young JB, Abraham WT, Albert NM, et al. Relation of low hemoglobin and anemia to morbidity and mortality in patients hospitalized with heart failure (insight from the OPTIMIZE-HF registry). Am J Cardiol. 2008;101:223-230.10.1016/j.amjcard.2007.07.06718178411
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
25. Battiprolu PK, Gillette TG, Wang ZV, Lavandero S, Hill JA. Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets. Drug Discov Today Dis Mech. 2010;7:e135-e143.10.1016/j.ddmec.2010.08.001302647321274425
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
26. Garud MS, Kulkarni YA. Hyperglycemia to nephropathy via transforming growth factor beta. Curr Diabetes Rev. 2014;10:182-189.10.2174/157339981066614060610364524919657
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
27. Satchell SC, Tooke JE. What is the mechanism of microalbuminuria in diabetes: a role for the glomerular endothelium? Diabetologia. 2008;51:714-725.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
28. Giacchetti G, Sechi LA, Rilli S, Carey RM. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, glucose metabolism and diabetes. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2005;16:120-126.10.1016/j.tem.2005.02.00315808810
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
29. Russo I, Frangogiannis NG. Diabetes-associated cardiac fibrosis: Cellular effectors, molecular mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2016;90:84-93.10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.12.011471874026705059
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
30. Yilmaz S, Canpolat U, Aydogdu S, Abboud HE. Diabetic Cardiomyopathy; Summary of 41 Years. Korean Circ J. 2015;45:266-272.10.4070/kcj.2015.45.4.266452110326240579
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
31. Aroor AR, Mandavia CH, Sowers JR. Insulin resistance and heart failure: molecular mechanisms. Heart Fail Clin. 2012;8:609-617.10.1016/j.hfc.2012.06.005345706522999243
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
32. Sweiss N, Sharma K. Adiponectin effects on the kidney. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014;28:71-79.10.1016/j.beem.2013.08.002425256724417947
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
33. Nasrallah MP, Ziyadeh FN. Overview of the physiology and pathophysiology of leptin with special emphasis on its role in the kidney. Semin Nephrol. 2013;33:54-65.10.1016/j.semnephrol.2012.12.00523374894
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
34. Rüster C1, Wolf G. Adipokines promote chronic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2013;28(Suppl4):iv8-iv14.10.1093/ndt/gft19124179016
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
35. Ybarra J, Sánchez-Hernández J, Vilallonga R, Romeo JH. Differential associations between glomerular filtration rate and duration of obesity depending on the presence or absence of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Eur J Intern Med. 2016;32:47-52.10.1016/j.ejim.2016.02.01626935097
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
36. Ponikowski P, Voors AA, Anker SD, et al. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: The Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur J Heart Fail. 2016;18:891-975.10.1002/ejhf.59227207191
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
37. Fenske W, Athanasiou T, Harling L, Drechsler C, Darzi A, Ashrafian H. Obesity-related cardiorenal disease: the benefits of bariatric surgery. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2013;9:539-551.10.1038/nrneph.2013.14523917797
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
38. Cahn A, Cernea S, Raz I. Outcome studies and safety as guide for decision making in treating patients with type 2 diabetes. Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2016;17:117-127.10.1007/s11154-016-9351-627106831
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
39. Mummidi S, Das NA, Carpenter AJ, et al. Metformin inhibits aldosterone-induced cardiac fibroblast activation, migration and proliferation in vitro, and reverses aldosterone+salt-induced cardiac fibrosis in vivo. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2016;98:95-102.10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.07.00627423273
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
40. Soraya H, Clanachan AS, Rameshrad M, Maleki-Dizaji N, Ghazi-Khansari M, Garjani A. Chronic treatment with metformin suppresses toll-like receptor 4 signaling and attenuates left ventricular dysfunction following myocardial infarction. Eur J Pharmacol. 2014;737:77-84.10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.05.00324842192
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
41. El Messaoudi S, Rongen GA, Riksen NP. Metformin therapy in diabetes: the role of cardioprotection. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2013;15:314.10.1007/s11883-013-0314-z23423523
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
42. Singh S, Loke YK, Furberg CD. Thiazolidinediones and heart failure: a teleo-analysis. Diabetes Care. 2007;30:2148-2153.10.2337/dc07-014117536074
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
43. Davies M, Chatterjee S, Khunti K. The treatment of type 2 diabetes in the presence of renal impairment: what we should know about newer therapies. Clin Pharmacol. 2016;8:61-81.10.2147/CPAA.S82008492277527382338
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
44. Aguilar D. Heart Failure, Diabetes Mellitus, and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Clinical Conundrum. Circ Heart Fail. 2016;97pii:e003316.10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.116.00331627413031
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
45. Pfeffer MA, Claggett B, Diaz R, et al. ELIXA Investigators. Lixisenatide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Acute Coronary Syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:2247-2257.10.1056/NEJMoa1509225
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
46. Marso SP, Daniels GH, Brown-Frandsen K, et al. Liraglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2016;375:311-322.10.1056/NEJMoa1603827
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
47. von Scholten BJ, Hansen TW, Goetze JP, Persson F, Rossing P. Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA): long-term effect on kidney function in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Complications. 2015;29:670-674.10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2015.04.004
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
48. Scirica BM, Bhatt DL, Braunwald E, et al. Saxagliptin and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 2013;369:1317-1326.10.1056/NEJMoa1307684
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
49. Zannad F, Cannon CP, Cushman WC, et al. Heart failure and mortality outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes taking alogliptin versus placebo in EXAMINE: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind trial. Lancet. 2015;385:2067-2076.10.1016/S0140-6736(14)62225-X
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
50. Green JB, Bethel MA, Armstrong PW, et al. Effect of Sitagliptin on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:232-242.10.1056/NEJMoa150135226052984
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
51. Cernea S, Cahn A, Raz I. Saxagliptin for the treatment of diabetes — a focus on safety. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2016;15:697-707.10.1517/14740338.2016.115967526923222
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
52. Udell JA, Bhatt DL, Braunwald E, et al. Saxagliptin and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and moderate or severe renal impairment: observations from the SAVOR-TIMI 53 Trial. Diabetes Care. 2015;38:696-705.10.2337/dc14-185025552421
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
53. Zinman B, Wanner C, Lachin JM, et al. Empagliflozin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:2117-2128.10.1056/NEJMoa150472026378978
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
54. Rajasekeran H, Lytvyn Y, Cherney DZ. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition and cardiovascular risk reduction in patients with type 2 diabetes: the emerging role of natriuresis. Kidney Int. 2016;89:524-526.10.1016/j.kint.2015.12.03826880444
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
55. Ferrannini E, Mark M, Mayoux E. CV Protection in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial: A “Thrifty Substrate” Hypothesis. Diabetes Care. 2016;39:1108-1114.10.2337/dc16-033027289126
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
56. Carubelli V, Lombardi C, Gorga E, Ravera A, Metra M, Mentz RJ. Cardiorenal Interactions. Heart Fail Clin. 2016;12:335-347.10.1016/j.hfc.2016.03.00227371511
Search in Google Scholar Back to article

Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/jim-2016-0066 | Journal eISSN: 2501-8132 | Journal ISSN: 2501-5974

Journal RSS Feed

Language: English

Page range: 252 - 258

Submitted on: Dec 9, 2016

Accepted on: Dec 22, 2016

Published on: Dec 30, 2016

Published by: Asociatia Transilvana de Terapie Transvasculara si Transplant KARDIOMED

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

Keywords:

type 2 diabetes,

heart failure,

chronic kidney disease,

cardiorenal syndrome

Related subjects:

Medicine,

Clinical medicine,

Clinical medicine, other,

Internal medicine,

Internal medicine, other,

Emergency medicine and intensive-care medicine,

Surgery,

Surgery, other

© 2016 Simona Cernea, published by Asociatia Transilvana de Terapie Transvasculara si Transplant KARDIOMED
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Volume 1 (2016): Issue 3 (December 2016)