Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

The arrangement and measurement parameters of the two phase TT test (phase 1 adopted from Truelsen and Wallinga, 2003)_
| Step | TT test, phase 1 | TT test, phase 2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| pre | Optical bleaching (Stimulation 200 s at 120°C) | |||
| 1 | Optical and thermal bleaching (Stimulation 200 s at 280°C) | Optical and thermal bleaching (Stimulation 200 s at 280°C) | ||
| 2 | - | Regeneration doses (0.8 – 1.7 – 2.5 Gy) | - | Regeneration doses (0.8 – 1.7 – 2.5 Gy) |
| 3 | Preheat (120–300°C, 20°C steps) | Preheat (200°C) | Preheat (120–300°C, 20°C steps) | Preheat (200°C) |
| 4 | OSL measurement (Stimulation 40 s at 125°C) | OSL measurement (Stimulation 40 s at 125°C) | OSL measurement (Stimulation 40 s at 125°C) | OSL measurement (Stimulation 40 s at 125°C) |
| 5 | Test dose (1.7 Gy) | Test dose (1.7 Gy) | Test dose (1.7 Gy) | Test dose (1.7 Gy) |
| 6 | Cutheat (160°C) | Cutheat (160°C) | Cutheat (160°C) | Cutheat (160°C) |
| 7 | OSL measurement (Stimulation 40 s at 125°C) | OSL measurement (Stimulation 40 s at 125°C) | OSL measurement (Stimulation 40 s at 125°C) | OSL measurement (Stimulation 40 s at 125°C) |
Equivalent dose, thermal transfer and corrected residual dose of the investigated modern samples_
| Sample ID | river km | coarse grain | fine grain | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| De (Gy) | TT (Gy) | Dres (Gy) | De (Gy) | TT (Gy) | Dres (Gy) | ||||||||
| D1 | 1835 | 0.20 ± 0.21 | 0.03 ± 0.04 | 0.18 ± 0.21 | |||||||||
| D2 | 1830 | 0.24 ± 0.17 | 0.04 ± 0.06 | 0.20 ± 0.18 | 1.65 ± 0.46 | −0.02 ± 0.01 | 1.65 ± 0.46 | ||||||
| D3 | 1825 | 0.26 ± 0.17 | 0.01 ± 0.03 | 0.24 ± 0.17 | |||||||||
| D4 | 1820 | 0.08 ± 0.15 | 0.08 ± 0.05 | 0.00 ± 0.16 | 0.56 ± 0.04 | −0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.56 ± 0.04 | ||||||
| D5 | 1801 | 0.07 ± 0.06 | 0.25 ± 0.14 | 0.00 ± 0.15 | 0.43 ± 0.04 | −0.08 ± 0.02 | 0.43 ± 0.04 | ||||||
| D6 | 1772 | 0.67 ± 0.12 | −0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.67 ± 0.12 | |||||||||
| D7 | 1768 | 0.27 ± 0.27 | 0.04 ± 0.03 | 0.23 ± 0.27 | |||||||||
| D8 | 1765 | 0.37 ± 0.05 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.35 ± 0.05 | |||||||||
| D9 | 1755 | 0.86 ± 0.06 | −0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.86 ± 0.06 | |||||||||
| D10 | 1750 | 0.04 ± 0.04 | 0.04 ± 0.03 | 0.00 ± 0.05 | 0.98 ± 0.09 | −0.17 ± 0.05 | 0.98 ± 0.09 | ||||||
| D11 | 1725 | 0.05 ± 0.08 | 0.00 ± 0.06 | 0.05 ± 0.10 | 0.46 ± 0.05 | −0.07 ± 0.01 | 0.46 ± 0.05 | ||||||
| D12 | 1715 | 0.27 ± 0.04 | −0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.27 ± 0.04 | |||||||||
| D13 | 1712 | 0.88 ± 0.12 | 0.00 ± 0.01 | 0.88 ± 0.12 | |||||||||
| D14 | 1700 | 0.56 ± 0.34 | 0.05 ± 0.12 | 0.52 ± 0.36 | 0.63 ± 0.09 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.60 ± 0.09 | ||||||
| D15 | 1696 | 1.59 ± 0.27 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 1.59 ± 0.27 | |||||||||
| D16 | 1690 | 0.61 ± 0.04 | 0.00 ± 0.01 | 0.61 ± 0.04 | |||||||||
| D17 | 1684 | 1.03 ± 0.10 | −0.05 ± 0.01 | 1.03 ± 0.10 | |||||||||
| D18 | 1675 | 0.08 ± 0.05 | 0.03 ± 0.02 | 0.06 ± 0.06 | 0.77 ± 0.09 | −0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.77 ± 0.09 | ||||||
| D19 | 1670 | 0.05 ± 0.04 | 0.00 ± 0.04 | 0.05 ± 0.06 | 1.96 ± 0.26 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 1.92 ± 0.26 | ||||||
| D20 | 1610 | 0.63 ± 0.10 | −0.06 ± 0.01 | 0.63 ± 0.10 | |||||||||
| D21 | 1600 | 0.07 ± 0.04 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.07 ± 0.04 | 1.27 ± 0.07 | −0.08 ± 0.03 | 1.27 ± 0.07 | ||||||
| D22 | 1597 | 0.17 ± 0.20 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.13 ± 0.20 | 3.18 ± 0.16 | −0.03 ± 0.01 | 3.18 ± 0.16 | ||||||
| D23 | 1592 | 14.52 ± 0.52 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 14.50 ± 0.52 | |||||||||
| D24 | 1570 | 0.03 ± 0.05 | 0.04 ± 0.04 | −0.01 ± 0.06 | |||||||||
| D25 | 1565 | 0.09 ± 0.11 | −0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.09 ± 0.11 | 2.37 ± 0.17 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 2.36 ± 0.17 | ||||||
| D26 | 1560 | 0.04 ± 0.04 | 0.03 ± 0.06 | 0.01 ± 0.07 | 7.55 ± 0.35 | 0.00 ± 0.01 | 7.55 ± 0.35 | ||||||
| D27 | 1545 | 13.11 ± 0.96 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 13.07 ± 0.96 | |||||||||
| D28 | 1535 | 0.16 ± 0.16 | 0.00 ± 0.05 | 0.16 ± 0.17 | 2.50 ± 0.83 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 2.48 ± 0.83 | ||||||
| D29 | 1522 | 0.87 ± 0.03 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.85 ± 0.03 | |||||||||
| D30 | 1510 | 0.07 ± 0.10 | −0.01 ± 0.11 | 0.07 ± 0.10 | 1.25 ± 0.03 | −0.01 ± 0.04 | 1.25 ± 0.03 | ||||||