References
- Adas M, Koc B, Adas G, Yalcin O, Celik S, Kemik O. Pitfalls in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma: A case series and review of the literature. J Epidemiol Res 2, 49–55, 2016.
- Allolio B. Adrenal incidentalomas. In: Adrenal Disorders (Eds. Margioris AN, Chrousos GP), pp 249–261, Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, 2001.
- Amar L, Servais A, Gimenez-Roqueplo AP, Zinzindohoue F, Chatellier G, Plouin PF. Year of diagnosis, features at presentation, and risk of recurrence in patients with pheochromocytoma or secreting paraganglioma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90, 2110–2116, 2005.
- Amar L, Fassnacht M, Gimenez-Roqueplo AP, Januszewicz A, Prejbisz A, Timmers H, Plouin PF. Long-term postoperative follow-up in patients with apparently benign pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma. Horm Metab Res 44, 385–389, 2012.
- American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO). American Society of Clinical Oncology policy statement update: genetic testing for cancer susceptibility. J Clin Oncol 21, 2397–2406, 2003.
- Ayala-Ramirez M, Feng L, Johnson MM, Ejaz S, Habra MA, Rich T, Busaidy N, Cote GJ, Perrier N, Phan A, Patel S, Waguespack S, Jimenez C. Clinical risk factors for malignancy and overall survival in patients with pheochromocytomas and sympathetic paragangliomas: primary tumor size and primary tumor location as prognostic indicators. J Clinl Endocrinol Metab 96, 717–725, 2011.
- Beierwaltes WH. Endocrine imaging: parathyroid, adrenal cortex and medulla, and other endocrine tumors. Part II. J Nucl Med 32, 1627–1639, 1991.
- Bessell-Browne R, O’Malley ME. CT of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: risk of adverse events with i.v. administration of nonionic contrast material. AJR Am J Roentgenol 188, 970–974, 2007.
- Bittar DA. Unsuspected phaeochromocytoma. Can Anaesth Soc J 29, 183–184, 1982.
- Bittner JG 4th, Gershuni VM, Matthews BD, Moley JF, Brunt LM. Risk factors affecting operative approach, conversion, and morbidity for adrenalectomy: a single-institution series of 402 patients. Surg Endosc 27, 2342–2350, 2013.
- Blake MA, Krishnamoorthy SK, Boland GW, Sweeney AT, Pitman MB, Harisinghani M, Mueller PR, Hahn PF. Low-density pheochromocytoma on CT: a mimicker of adrenal adenoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol 181, 1663–1668, 2003.
- Bowerman RA, Silver TM, Jaffe MH, Stuck KJ, Hinerman DL. Sonography of adrenal pheochromocytomas. AJR Am J Roentgenol 137, 1227–1231, 1981.
- Brennan MF, Keiser HR. Persistent and recurrent pheochromocytoma: the role of surgery. World J Surg 6, 397–401, 1982.
- Brunaud L, Boutami M, Nguyen-Thi PL, Finnerty B, Germain A, Weryha G, Fahey TJ 3rd, Mirallie E, Bresler L, Zarnegar R. Both preoperative alpha and calcium channel blockade impact intraoperative hemodynamic stability similarly in the management of pheochromocytoma. Surgery 156, 1410–1418, 2014.
- Bruynzeel H, Feelders RA, Groenland TH, van den Meiracker AH, van Eijck CH, Lange JF, de Herder WW, Kazemier G. Risk factors for hemodynamic instability during surgery for pheochromocytoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95, 678–685, 2010.
- Bryant J, Farmer J, Kessler LJ, Townsend RR, Nathanson KL. Pheochromocytoma: the expanding genetic differential diagnosis. J Natl Cancer Inst 95, 1196–1204, 2003.
- Burnichon N, Abermil N, Buffet A, Favier J, Gimenez-Roqueplo AP. The genetics of paragangliomas. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 129, 315–318, 2012.
- Castinetti F, Qi XP, Walz MK, Maia AL, Sanso G, Peczkowska M, Hasse-Lazar K et al. Outcomes of adrenal-sparing surgery or total adrenalectomy in phaeochromocytoma associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2: an international retrospective population-based study. Lancet Oncol 15, 648–655, 2014.
- Chai YJ, Kwon H, Yu HW, Kim SJ, Choi JY, Lee KE, Youn YK. Systematic review of surgical approaches for adrenal tumors: lateral transperitoneal versus posterior retroperitoneal and laparoscopic versus robotic adrenalectomy. Int J Endocrinol 2014 918346, 2014.
- Chang A, Glazer HS, Lee JK, Ling D, Heiken JP. Adrenal gland: MR imaging. Radiology 163, 123–128, 1987.
- Cheah WK, Clark OH, Horn JK, Siperstein AE, Duh QY. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma. World J Surgery 26, 1048–1051, 2002.
- Chen H, Sippel RS, O’Dorisio MS, Vinik AI, Lloyd RV, Pacak K; North American Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (NANETS). The North American Neuroendocrine Tumor Society consensus guideline for the diagnosis and management of neuroendocrine tumors: pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma, and medullary thyroid cancer. Pancreas 39, 775–783, 2010.
- Chen Y, Hodin RA, Pandolfi C, Ruan DT, McKenzie TJ. Hypoglycemia after resection of pheochromocytoma. Surgery 156, 1404–1409, 2014.
- Conder G, Rendle J, Kidd S, Misraet RR. A-Z of abdominal radiology. Cambridge University Press, 2009.
- De Toma G, Letizia C, Cavallaro G, Giacchino V, Mosiello G, Cavallaro A, Basile U [Malignant pheochromocytoma. Personal experience, review of the literature]. Ann Ital Chir 73, 413–419, 2002.
- Dorland Newman WA. Dorland’s illustrated medical dictionary. Saunders, Philadelphia, PA, 2007.
- Dunnick NR, Korobkin M. Imaging of adrenal incidentalomas: current status. AJR Am J Roentgenol 179, 559–568, 2002.
- Eisenhofer G, Goldstein DS, Walther MM, Friberg P, Lenders JW, Keiser HR, Pacak K. Biochemical diagnosis of pheochromocytoma: how to distinguish true-from false-positive test results. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88, 2656–2666, 2003.
- Eisenhofer G, Lenders JW, Pacak K. Biochemical diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. Front Horm Res 31, 76–106, 2004.
- Eisenhofer G, Lenders JW, Siegert G, Bornstein SR, Friberg P, Milosevic D, Mannelli M, Linehan WM, Adams K, Timmers HJ, Pacak K. Plasma methoxytyramine: a novel biomarker of metastatic pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma in relation to established risk factors of tumour size, location and SDHB mutation status. Eur J Cancer 48, 1739–1749, 2012.
- Elder EE, Skog ALH, Hoog A, Hamberger B. The management of benign and malignant pheochromocytoma and abdominal paraganglioma. Eur J Surg Oncol 29, 278–283, 2003.
- Elder EE, Elder G, Larsson C. Pheochromocytoma and functional paraganglioma syndrome: no longer the 10% tumor. J Surg Oncol 89, 193–201, 2005.
- Ellis RJ, Patel D, Prodanov T, Sadowski S, Nilubol N, Adams K, Steinberg SM, Pacak K, Kebebew E. Response after surgical resection of metastatic pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: can postoperative biochemical remission be predicted? J Am Coll Surg 217, 489–496, 2013.
- Elsayes KM, Mukundan G, Narra VR, Lewis JS Jr, Shirkhoda A, Farooki A, Brown JJ. Adrenal masses: MR imaging features with pathologic correlation. Radiographics 24 (Suppl 1), S73–S86, 2004.
- Elsayes KM, Narra VR, Leyendecker JR, Francis IR, Lewis JS Jr, Brown JJ. MRI of adrenal and extraadrenal pheochromocytoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol 184, 860–867, 2005.
- Erlic Z, Neumann HP. Familial pheochromocytoma. Hormones (Athens) 8, 29–38, 2009.
- Fishbein L, Merrill S, Fraker DL, Cohen DL, Nathanson KL. Inherited mutations in pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: why all patients should be offered genetic testing. Ann Surg Oncol 20, 1444–1450, 2013.
- Francis IR, Korobkin M. Pheochromocytoma. Radiol Clin North Am 34, 1101–1112, 1996.
- Galati SJ, Said M, Gospin R, Babic N, Brown K, Geer EB, Kostakoglu L, Krakoff LR, Leibowitz AB, Mehta L, Muller S, Owen RP, Pertsemlidis DS, Wilck E, Xiao GQ, Levine AC, Inabnet WB 3rd. The Mount Sinai clinical pathway for the management of pheochromocytoma. Endocr Pract 21, 368–382, 2015.
- Giannini AJB, Henry R, Goettsche, Roger L. Psychiatric, Psychogenic and Somatopsychic Disorders Handbook. M. Examination. Garden City, NY, 1978.
- Goffredo P, Sosa JA, Roman SA. Malignant pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: a population level analysis of long-term survival over two decades. J Surg Oncol 107, 659–664, 2013.
- Goldman L, Schafer AI. Goldman’s Cecil Medicine E-Book, 24th Edition. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2012. https://www.us.elsevierhealth.com/goldmans-cecil-medicine-e-book-9781437736083.html
- Goldstein RE, O’Neill JA Jr, Holcomb GW 3rd, Morgan WM 3rd, Neblett WW 3rd, Oates JA, Brown N, Nadeau J, Smith B, Page DL, Abumrad NN, Scott HW Jr. Clinical experience over 48 years with pheochromocytoma. Ann Surg 229, 755–766, 1999.
- Gonias S, Goldsby R, Matthay KK, Hawkins R, Price D, Huberty J, Damon L, Linker C, Sznewajs A, Shiboski S, Fitzgerald P. Phase II study of high-dose [131I] metaiodobenzylguanidine therapy for patients with metastatic pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma. J Clin Oncol 27, 4162–4168, 2009.
- Gutmann DH, Aylsworth A, Carey JC, Korf B, Marks J, Pyeritz RE, Rubenstein A, Viskochil D. The diagnostic evaluation and multidisciplinary management of neurofibromatosis 1 and neurofibromatosis 2. Jama 278, 51–57, 1997.
- Hack H. The perioperative management of children with phaeochromocytoma. Paediatr Anaesth 10, 463–476, 2000.
- Harari A, Inabnet WB 3rd. Malignant pheochromocytoma: a review. Am J Surg 201, 700–708, 2011.
- Havekes B, Lai EW, Corssmit EP, Romijn JA, Timmers HJ, Pacak K. Detection and treatment of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas: current standing of MIBG scintigraphy and future role of PET imaging. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 52, 419–429, 2008.
- Havekes B, King K, Lai EW, Romijn JA, Corssmit EP, Pacak K. New imaging approaches to phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 72, 137–145, 2010.
- Hirayama T, Fujita T, et al. Safety and feasibility of laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma irrespective of tumor size. The Kitasato Medical Journal 45, 17–20, 2015.
- Hofer M. Kidneys and Adrenal Glands. Ultrasound Teaching Manual Hofer, Matthias, Thieme, 37–50, 1999.
- Ilias I, Yu J, Carrasquillo JA, Chen CC, Eisenhofer G, Whatley M, McElroy B, Pacak K. Superiority of 6-[18F]-fluorodopamine positron emission tomography versus [131I]-metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy in the localization of metastatic pheochromocytoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88, 4083–4087, 2003.
- Ilias I, Pacak K. Current approaches and recommended algorithm for the diagnostic localization of pheochromocytoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89, 479–491, 2004.
- Ilias I, Sahdev A, Reznek RH, Grossman AB, Pacak K. The optimal imaging of adrenal tumours: a comparison of different methods. Endocr Relat Cancer 14, 587–599, 2007.
- Inabnet WB, Caragliano P, Pertsemlidis D. Pheochromocytoma: inherited associations, bilaterality, and cortex preservation. Surgery 128, 1007–1012, 2000.
- Incidentaloma. NIH state-of-the-science statement on management of the clinically inapparent adrenal mass (“incidentaloma”). NIH Consens State Sci Statements 19, 1–25, 2002.
- Jaroszewski DE, Tessier DJ, Schlinkert RT, Grant CS, Thompson GB, van Heerden JA, Farley DR, Smith SL, Hinder RA. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma. Mayo Clinic Proc 78, 1501–1504, 2003.
- Jimenez C, Waguespack SG. Functional imaging for pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma: a step closer to understanding its place in clinical practice. Endocrine 50, 6–8, 2015.
- Kalady MF, McKinlay R, Olson JA Jr, Pinheiro J, Lagoo S, Park A, Eubanks WS. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma. Surg Endosc 18, 621–625, 2004.
- Kercher KW, Novitsky YW, Park A, Matthews BD, Litwin DE, Heniford BT. Laparoscopic curative resection of pheochromocytomas. Ann Surg 241, 916–928, 2005.
- Kinney MA, Narr BJ, Warner MA. Perioperative management of pheochromocytoma. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 16, 359–369, 2002.
- Krestin GP, Steinbrich W, Friedmann G. Adrenal masses: evaluation with fast gradient-echo MR imaging and Gd-DTPA-enhanced dynamic studies. Radiology 171, 675–680, 1989.
- Lack EE; Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (US); Universities Associated for Research and Education in Pathology. Tumors of the adrenal gland and extra-adrenal paraganglia. Atlas of Tumor Pathology, Third series. Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, 1997.
- Lee JKT, Sagel SS, Stanley RJ, Heiken JP. Computed body tomography with MRI correlation, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 1998.
- Lenders JW, Eisenhofer G, Mannelli M, Pacak K. Phaeochromocytoma. Lancet 366, 665–675, 2005.
- Lenders JW, Duh QY, Eisenhofer G, Gimenez-Roqueplo AP, Grebe SK, Murad MH, Naruse M, Pacak K, Young WF Jr; Endocrine Society. Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 99, 1915–1942, 2014.
- Lentschener C, Gaujoux S, Tesniere A, Dousset B. Point of controversy: perioperative care of patients undergoing pheochromocytoma removal-time for a reappraisal? Eur J Endocrinol 165, 365–373, 2011.
- Leung K, Stamm M, Raja A, Low G. Pheochromocytoma: the range of appearances on ultrasound, CT, MRI, and functional imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol 200, 370–378, 2013.
- Li J, Yang CH. Improvement of preoperative management in patients with adrenal pheochromocytoma. Int J Clin Exp Med 7, 5541–5546, 2014.
- Maitra A. The Endocrine System. In: Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease, professional edition: expert consult (Eds. Kumar V, Abas A, Fausto N, Aster J), pp. 1159-1161, Phladelphia, PA, Saunders Elsevier, 2010.
- Manger WM, Gifford RW. Pheochromocytoma. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 4, 62–72, 2002.
- Mannelli M, Ianni L, Cilotti A, Conti A. Pheochromocytoma in Italy: a multicentric retrospective study. Eur J Endocrinol 141, 619–624, 1999.
- Mantero F, Terzolo M, Arnaldi G, Osella G, Masini AM, Ali A, Giovagnetti M, Opocher G, Angeli A. A survey on adrenal incidentaloma in Italy. Study Group on Adrenal Tumors of the Italian Society of Endocrinology. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85, 637–644, 2000.
- Marini F, Falchetti A, Del Monte F, Carbonell Sala S, Tognarini I, Luzi E, Brandi ML. Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2. Orphanet J Rare Dis 1, 45, 2006.
- Maurea S, Cuocolo A, Reynolds JC, Neumann RD, Salvatore M. Diagnostic imaging in patients with paragangliomas. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance and MIBG scintigraphy comparison. Q J Nucl Med 40, 365–371, 1996.
- McHenry CR. Pheochromocytoma: A clinical enigma. Endocr Pract 2016.
- Megias MC, Puyol DR, Rodriguez LF, Martinez GLS, Miguel PM. Pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma: Biochemical and genetic diagnosis. [Feocromocitoma-paraganglioma: del diagnostico bioquimico al genetico.] Nefrologia (Madr.) 36, 481–488, 2016.
- Melicow MM. One hundred cases of pheochromocytoma (107 tumors) at the Columbia and Presbyterian Medical Center, 1926–1976: a clinicopathological analysis. Cancer 40, 1987–2004, 1977.
- Mezzadri NA, Catalina Mandry A, Sinagra DL, Eduardo Falco J, Fernandez Vila JM. [Laparoscopic approach in the treatment of malignant adrenal tumours.] Cir Esp 87, 306–311, 2010.
- Mittendorf EA, Evans DB, Lee JE, Perrier ND. Pheochromocytoma: advances in genetics, diagnosis, localization, and treatment. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 21, 509–525, 2007.
- Miyake H, Maeda H, Tashiro M, Suzuki K, Nagatomo H, Aikawa H, Ashizawa A, Iechika S, Moriuchi A. CT of adrenal tumors: frequency and clinical significance of low-attenuation lesions. AJR Am J Roentgenol 152, 1005–1007, 1989.
- Moon KL Jr, Hricak H, Crooks LE, Gooding CA, Moss AA, Engelstad BL, Kaufman L. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of the adrenal gland: a preliminary report. Radiology 147, 155–160, 1983.
- Nagaraja V, Eslick GD, Edirimanne S. Recurrence and functional outcomes of partial adrenalectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Surg 16, 7–13, 2015.
- Nakane M, Takahashi S, Sekine I, Fukui I, Koizumi M, Kage K, Ito Y, Aiba K, Horikoshi N, Hatake K, Ishikawa Y, Ogata E. Successful treatment of malignant pheochromocytoma with combination chemotherapy containing anthracycline. Ann Oncol 14, 1449–1450, 2003.
- National Cancer Institute, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (NCI SEER). Glossary of Statistical Terms (http://seer.cancer.gov), 2015.
- Neumann HP, Bausch B, McWhinney SR, Bender BU, Gimm O, Franke G et al. Germ-line mutations in nonsyndromic pheochromocytoma. N Engl J Med 346, 1459–1466, 2002.
- Neurofibromatosis. National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement: neurofibromatosis. Bethesda, Md., USA, July 13-15, 1987. Neurofibromatosis 1, 172–178, 1988.
- Newhouse JH. MRI of the adrenal gland. Urol Radiol 12, 1–6, 1990.
- Newhouse JH, Heffess CS, Wagner BJ, Imray TJ, Adair CF, Davidson AJ. Large degenerated adrenal adenomas: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiology 210, 385–391, 1999.
- Pacak K, Linehan WM, Eisenhofer G, Walther MM, Goldstein DS. Recent advances in genetics, diagnosis, localization, and treatment of pheochromocytoma. Ann Intern Med 134, 315–329, 2001a.
- Pacak K, Eisenhofer G, Carrasquillo JA, Chen CC, Li ST, Goldstein DS. 6-[18F]fluorodopamine positron emission tomographic (PET) scanning for diagnostic localization of pheochromocytoma. Hypertension 38, 6–8, 2001b.
- Pacak K, Fojo T, Goldstein DS, Eisenhofer G, Walther MM, Linehan WM, Bachenheimer L, Abraham J, Wood BJ. Radiofrequency ablation: a novel approach for treatment of metastatic pheochromocytoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 93, 648–649, 2001c.
- Pacak K. Preoperative management of the pheochromocytoma patient. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 92, 4069–4079, 2007.
- Pacak K, Eisenhofer G, Ahlman H, Bornstein SR, Gimenez-Roqueplo AP, Grossman AB, Kimura N, Mannelli M, McNicol AM, Tischler AS; International Symposium on Pheochromocytoma. Pheochromocytoma: recommendations for clinical practice from the First International Symposium. October 2005. Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab 3, 92–102, 2007.
- Pacak K, Wimalawansa SJ. Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma. Endocri Pract 21, 406–412, 2015.
- Papierska L, Cichocki A, Sankowski AJ, Cwikla JB. Adrenal incidentaloma imaging - the first steps in therapeutic management. Pol J Radiol 78, 47–55, 2013.
- Pappachan JM, Raskauskiene D, Sriraman R, Edavalath M, Hanna FW. Diagnosis and management of pheochromocytoma: a practical guide to clinicians. Curr Hypertens Rep 16, 442, 2014.
- Parenti G, Zampetti B, Rapizzi E, Ercolino T, Giache V, Mannelli M. Updated and new perspectives on diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of malignant pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma. J Oncol 2012, 872713, 2012.
- Pederson LC, Lee JE. Pheochromocytoma. Curr Treat Options Oncol 4, 329–337, 2003.
- Portela-Gomes GM, Stridsberg M, Grimelius L, Falkmer UG, Falkmer S. Expression of chromogranins A, B, and C (secretogranin II) in human adrenal medulla and in benign and malignant pheochromocytomas An immunohistochemical study with region-specific antibodies. AMPIS 112, 663–673, 2004.
- Press D, Akyuz M, Dural C, Aliyev S, Monteiro R, Mino J, Mitchell J, Hamrahian A, Siperstein A, Berber E. Predictors of recurrence in pheochromocytoma. Surgery 156, 1523–1528, 2014.
- Prokopakis E, Doulaptsi M, Kaprana A, Velegrakis S, Vlastos Y, Velegrakis G. Treating medullary thyroid carcinoma in a tertiary center. Current trends and review of the literature. Hippokratia 18, 130–134, 2014.
- Renard J, Clerici T, Licker M, Triponez F. Pheochromocytoma and abdominal paraganglioma. J Visc Surg 148, e409–e416, 2011.
- Reynolds RM, Browning GG, Nawroz I, Campbell IW. Von Recklinghausen’s neurofibromatosis: neurofibromatosis type 1. Lancet 361, 1552–1554, 2003.
- Schteingart DE, Doherty GM, Gauger PG, Giordano TJ, Hammer GD, Korobkin M, Worden FP. Management of patients with adrenal cancer: recommendations of an international consensus conference. Endocr Relat Cancer12, 667–680, 2005.
- Schultz CL, Haaga JR, Fletcher BD, Alfidi RJ, Schultz MA. Magnetic resonance imaging of the adrenal glands: a comparison with computed tomography. AJR Am J Roentgenol 143, 1235–1240, 1984.
- Schulz C, Eisenhofer G, Lehnert H. Principles of catecholamine biosynthesis, metabolism and release. Front Horm Res, 31, 1–25, 2004.
- Siddiqi HK, Yang HY, Laird AM, Fox AC, Doherty GM, Miller BS, Gauger PG. Utility of oral nicardipine and magnesium sulfate infusion during preparation and resection of pheochromocytomas. Surgery 152, 1027–1036, 2012.
- Sommerey S, Foroghi Y, Chiapponi C, Baumbach SF, Hallfeldt KK, Ladurner R, Gallwas JK. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy--10-year experience at a teaching hospital. Langenbecks Arch Surg 400, 341–347, 2015.
- Stein PP, Black HR. A simplified diagnostic approach to pheochromocytoma. A review of the literature and report of one institution’s experience. Medicine (Baltimore) 70, 46–66, 1991.
- Stenstrom G, Svardsudd K. Pheochromocytoma in Sweden 1958 to 1981. An analysis of the National Cancer Registry Data. Acta Med Scand 220, 225–232, 1986.
- Sternberg SS, Antonioli DA, Carter D, Mills SE, Oberman HA. Diagnostic surgical pathology. Philadelphia, PA, USA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 1999.
- Sutton MG, Sheps SG, Lie JT. Prevalence of clinically unsuspected pheochromocytoma. Review of a 50-year autopsy series. Mayo Clin Proc 56, 354–360, 1981.
- Szudek J, Evans DG, Friedman JM. Patterns of associations of clinical features in neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1). Hum Genet 112, 289–297, 2003.
- Tang SH, Chen A, Lee CT, Yu DS, Chang SY, Sun GH. Remote recurrence of malignant pheochromocytoma 14 years after primary operation. J Urol 169, 269, 2003.
- The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Pathology and genetics of tumours of endocrine organs (IARC WHO Classification of Tumours) (Eds. DeLellis RA, Lloyd RV, Heitz P, Eng C). IARC Press, Lyon, 2004.
- Thompson LD. Pheochromocytoma of the Adrenal gland Scaled Score (PASS) to separate benign from malignant neoplasms: a clinicopathologic and immunophenotypic study of 100 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 26, 551–566, 2002.
- Thompson GB, Young WF Jr. Adrenal incidentaloma. Curr Opin Oncol 15, 84–90, 2003.
- van Berkel A, Lenders JW, Timmers HJ. Diagnosis of endocrine disease: Biochemical diagnosis of phaeochromocytoma and paraganglioma. Eur J Endocrinol 170, R109–R119, 2014.
- van Heerden J, Roland CF, Carney JA, Sheps SG, Grant CS. Long-term evaluation following resection of apparently benign pheochromocytoma(s)/paraganglioma(s). World J Surg 14, 325–329, 1990.
- Weingarten TN, Cata JP, O’Hara JF, Prybilla DJ, Pike TL, Thompson GB, Grant CS, Warner DO, Bravo E, Sprung J. Comparison of two preoperative medical management strategies for laparoscopic resection of pheochromocytoma. Urology 76, 508.e6–508. e11, 2010.
- Wells SA Jr, Asa SL, Dralle H, Elisei R, Evans DB, Gagel RF, Lee N, Machens A, Moley JF, Pacini F, Raue F, Frank-Raue K, Robinson B, Rosenthal MS, Santoro M, Schlumberger M, Shah M, Waguespack SG; American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma. Revised American Thyroid Association guidelines for the management of medullary thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid 25, 567–610, 2015.
- Williams VC, Lucas J, Babcock MA, Gutmann DH, Korf B, Maria BL. Neurofibromatosis type 1 revisited. Pediatrics 123, 124–133, 2009.
- Shen WT, Grogan R, Vriens M, Clark OH, Duh QY. One hundred two patients with pheochromocytoma treated at a single institution since the introduction of laparoscopic adrenalectomy. Arch Surg 145, 893–897, 2010.