The Influence of the Filtration Bed type in the Pool Water Treatment System on Washings Quality
References
- [1] Mays LW. A brief history of water filtration/sedimentation. Water Sci Technol Water Supply. 2013;13:735-742. DOI: 10.2166/ws.2013.102.
10.2166/ws.2013.102 - [2] Brandt MJ, Johnson MK, Elphinston AJ, Ratnayaka DD. Twort’s Water Supply. 7th Ed. Butterworth-Heinemann: Elsevier Ltd; 2017. ISBN 9780081000250. DOI: 10.1016/C2012-0-06331-4.
- [3] Evans G, Dennis P, Cousins M, Campbell R. Use of recycled crushed glass as a filtration medium in municipal potable water treatment plants. Water Sci Technol Water Supply. 2002;2:9-16. DOI: 10.2166/ws.2002.0144.
10.2166/ws.2002.0144 - [4] Cromphout J, Rougge W. Cost-effective water treatment of polluted surface water by using direct filtration and granular activated carbon filtration. Water Sci Technol Water Supply. 2002;2:233-240. DOI: 10.2166/ws.2002.0028.
10.2166/ws.2002.0028 - [5] Skoczko I, Szatylowicz E. The analysis of physico-chemical properties of two unknown filter materials. J Ecol Eng. 2016;17:148-154. DOI: 10.12911/22998993/63480.
- [6] Zaman S, Begum A, Rabbani KS, Bari L. Low cost and sustainable surface water purification methods using Moringa seeds and scallop powder followed by bio-sand filtration. Water Sci Technol Water Supply. 2017;17:125-137. DOI: 10.2166/ws.2016.111.
10.2166/ws.2016.111 - [7] Shafiquzzaman M, Al-Mahmud A, AlSaleem S, Haider H, Shafiquzzaman M, Al-Mahmud A, et al. Application of a low cost ceramic filter for recycling sand filter backwash water. Water. 2018;10:150. DOI: 10.3390/w10020150.
- [8] Guo D, Wang H, Fu P, Huang Y, Liu Y, Lv W, et al. Diatomite precoat filtration for wastewater treatment: Filtration performance and pollution mechanisms. Chem Eng Res Des. 2018;137:403-411. DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2018.06.036.
- [9] Onur A, Ng A, Garnier G, Batchelor W. Engineering cellulose fibre inorganic composites for depth filtration and adsorption. Sep Purif Technol. 2018;203:209-216. DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.04.038.
10.1016/j.seppur.2018.04.038 - [10] Wasielewski S, Rott E, Minke R, Steinmetz H, Wasielewski S, Rott E, et al. Evaluation of different clinoptilolite zeolites as adsorbent for ammonium removal from highly concentrated synthetic wastewater. Water. 2018;10:584. DOI: 10.3390/w10050584.
- [11] Fouad HA, El-Hefny RM, Mohamed MA. Reuse of spent filter backwash water. Int J Civ Eng Technol. 2016;7:176-187.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=7&IType=4 . - [12] Skolubovich Y, Voytov E, Skolubovich A, Ilyina L. Cleaning and reusing backwash water of water treatment plants. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci. 2017;90:12035. DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/90/1/012035.
10.1088/1755-1315/90/1/012035 - [13] Skoczko I, Piekutin J, Ignatowicz K. Efficiency of manganese removal from water in selected filter beds. Desalin Water Treat. 2016;57:1611-1619. DOI: 10.1080/19443994.2015.1043487.
10.1080/19443994.2015.1043487 - [14] Keuten MGA, Peters MCFM, Daanen HAM, de Kreuk MK, Rietveld LC, van Dijk JC. Quantification of continual anthropogenic pollutants released in swimming pools. Water Res. 2014;53:259-270. DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.01.027.
10.1016/j.watres.2014.01.027 - [15] Teo TLL, Coleman HM, Khan SJ. Chemical contaminants in swimming pools: Occurrence, implications and control. Environ Int. 2015;76:16-31. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.11.012.
10.1016/j.envint.2014.11.012 - [16] Tardif R, Rodriguez M, Catto C, Charest-Tardif G, Simard S. Concentrations of disinfection by-products in swimming pool following modifications of the water treatment process: An exploratory study. J Environ Sci. 2017;58:163-172. DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.05.021.
10.1016/j.jes.2017.05.021 - [17] Lempart A, Kudlek E, Dudziak M, Szyguła A. The impact of the circulation system on the concentration level of micropollutants in the swimming pool water treatment system. Inżynieria Ekol. 2018;19:23-31. DOI: 10.12912/23920629/86051.
- [18] Lempart A, Kudlek E, Dudziak M. Determination of micropollutants in water samples from swimming pool systems. Water. 2018;10:1083. DOI: 10.3390/w10081083.
- [19] Reissmann FG, Schulze E, Albrecht V. Application of a combined UF/RO system for the reuse of filter backwash water from treated swimming pool water. Desalination. 2005;178:41-49. DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2004.11.027.
10.1016/j.desal.2004.11.027 - [20] Wyczarska-Kokot J. Badania jakości popłuczyn ze stacji filtrów w obiekcie basenowym w aspekcie możliwości odprowadzania ich do wód lub do ziemi - studium przypadku (Studies of backwash water quality from a swimming pool filter plant in terms of their discharge to surface water bodies or into the ground - a case study). Ochr Środ. 2017;39:45-50.
http://www.os.not.pl/docs/czasopismo/2017/2-2017/Wyczarska_2-2017.pdf . - [21] Wyczarska-Kokot J. The study of possibilities for reuse of washings from swimming pool circulation systems. Ecol Chem Eng S. 2016;23:447-459. DOI: 10.1515/eces-2016-0032.
10.1515/eces-2016-0032 - [22] Dudziak M, Łaskawiec E, Wyczarska-Kokot J. Treatment of pool water installation washings in flocculation/ultrafiltration/integrated system. J Ecol Eng. 2017;18:96-103. DOI: 10.12911/22998993/74603.
- [23] Łaskawiec E, Madej M, Dudziak M, Wyczarska-Kokot J. The use of membrane techniques in swimming pool water treatment. J Ecol Eng. 2017;18(4):130-136. DOI: 10.12911/22998993/74282.
- [24] American National Standard for Water Quality in Public Pools and Spas.
https://standards.nsf.org/apps/group_public/download.php/17496/ANSI-APSP-112009-for-apsp-store.pdf . - [25] Filter Backwash Recycling Rule. Technical Guidance Manual. Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water (4606M). EPA 816-R-02-014.
www.epa.gov/safewater , 2002. - [26] Aufbereitung von Schwimm und Badebeckenwasser (Water treatment for swimming and bathing pools). DIN 19643 1-4:2012-11. Berlin: Beuth-Verlag; 2012.
www.beuth.de/de/norm/din-19643-1/164174095 . - [27] Łaskawiec E, Dudziak M, Wyczarska-Kokot J. Ocena skuteczności procesu koagulacji w oczyszczaniu popłuczyn z układu cyrkulacji wody basenowej (Evaluation of coagulation process effectiveness in purification of filter washings from swimming pool circulation system). Ochr Środ. 2018;40:57-60.
http://www.os.not.pl/docs/czasopismo/2018/1-2018/Laskawiec_1-2018.pdf . - [28] Guida M, Di Onofrio V, Gallè F, Gesuele R, Valeriani F, Liguori R, et al. Pseudomonas aeruginosa in swimming pool water: Evidences and perspectives for a new control strategy. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016;13(9):919. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13090919.
10.3390/ijerph13090919 - [29] Liguori G, Di Onofrio V, Gallè F, Liguori R, Nastro RA, Guida M. Occurrence of Legionella spp. in thermal environments: Virulence factors and biofilm formation in isolates from a spa. Microchem J. 2014;112:109-112. DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2013.09.023.
10.1016/j.microc.2013.09.023 - [30] Suppes LM, Canales RA, Gerba CP, Reynolds KA. Cryptosporidium risk from swimming pool exposures. Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2016;219:915-919. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.07.001.
10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.07.001 - [31] Wyczarska-Kokot J, Piechurski F. Application of nanosilver in swimming pool water treatment technology. Proceedings. 2017;2:175. DOI: 10.3390/ecws-2-04944.
10.3390/ecws-2-04944 - [32] Dryden Aqua - Innovative water treatment technology
https://www.drydenaqua.com . - [33] Ediz N, Bentli I, Tatar I. Improvement in filtration characteristics of diatomite by calcination. Int J Miner Process. 2010;94:129-134. DOI: 10.1016/j.minpro.2010.02.004.
10.1016/j.minpro.2010.02.004 - [34] Giaccobi S, Kromm FX, Wargnier H, Danis M. Filtration in materials selection and multi-materials design. Mater Des. 2010;31:1842-1847. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2009.11.005.
10.1016/j.matdes.2009.11.005 - [35] Rozporządzenie Ministra Środowiska z dnia 18 listopada 2014 r. w sprawie warunków, jakie należy spełnić przy wprowadzaniu ścieków do wód lub do ziemi (Regulation of Environment Minister of 18 November 2014, on conditions to be met when discharging sewage to waters or to the soil). DzU 2014, poz. 1800.
http://isap.sejm.gov.pl/DetailsServlet?id=WDU20140001800 . - [36] Directive 2006/118/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2006 on the protection of groundwater against pollution and deterioration.
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32006L0118 . - [37] Directive 2008/105/EC of 16 December 2008 on environmental quality standards in the field of water policy.
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex:32008L0105 . - [38] Polish Standard PN-EN ISO 6222:2004 Water quality - Quantification of microorganisms capable of growth - Determination of the total number of colonies by culture on the nutrient agar.
http://sklep.pkn.pl/pn-en-iso-6222-2004p.htm . - [39] Łaskawiec E, Dudziak M, Wyczarska-Kokot J. Ultrafiltration for purification and treatment of water streams in swimming pool circuits. J Ecol Eng. 2018;19:38-44. DOI: 10.12911/22998993/85451.
- [40] Korkosz A, Janczarek M, Aranowski R, Rzechula J, Hupka J. Efficiency of deep bed filtration in treatment of swimming pool water. Physicochem Probl Miner Process. 2010;44:103-113.
http://www.minproc.pwr.wroc.pl/journal/pdf/2010/FPM%2044/KORKOSZ.pdf .
Language: English
Page range: 535 - 545
Published on: Oct 11, 2019
Published by: Society of Ecological Chemistry and Engineering
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 times per year
Keywords:
Related subjects:
© 2019 Joanna Wyczarska-Kokot, Anna Lempart, published by Society of Ecological Chemistry and Engineering
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.