Have a personal or library account? Click to login

Japan’s Diplomatic Strategy toward East Asia: Creation and Evolution of ‘Dual-Track Diplomacy’ in the Post-Cold War Era

By:
Open Access
|Nov 2019

References

  1. Advisory Group on Defense Issues (1994), The Modality of Security and Defense Capability of Japan: The Outlook for the 21st Century, Report of the Advisory Group on Defense Issues, 12 August.
  2. Art, R. (2009), ‘Fungibility of Force,’ in R. Art & K. Waltz (eds.) The Use of Force: Military Power and International Politics, 7th ed., Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
  3. ASEAN (1976), The Declaration of ASEAN Concord, Bali, Indonesia, 24 February, ASEAN Secretariat.
  4. ASEAN (2013), Joint Statement of the ASEAN-Japan Commemorative Summit ‘Hand in hand, facing regional and global challenges’, 14 December, ASEAN Secretariat.
  5. Aspin, L. (1993), Report on the Bottom-Up Review, Washington, DC: Department of Defense. https://doi.org/10.21236/ADA35995310.21236/ADA359953
  6. Brooks, S.; Ikenberry, J. G. & Wohlfor, W. C. (2013), ‘Lean forward: in defense of American engagement,’ Foreign Affairs, vol. 92, no. 1, pp. 130–142.
  7. Chanlett-Avery, E. & Rinehart, I. (2014), The US Military Presence in Okinawa and the Futenma Base Controversy, CRS Report for Congress 7-5700, R42645. Retrieved from http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/R42645.pdf [accessed 8 Jun 2015]
  8. Clinton, H. (2009), ‘Closing remarks for US-China strategic and economic dialogue,’ 29 July. Retrieved from http://www.state.gov/secretary/rm/2009a/july/126599.htm [accessed 25 Sep 2014]
  9. Clinton, H. (2010), ‘Remarks at press availability,’ July 23. Retrieved from http://www.state.gov/secretary/20092013clinton/rm/2010/07/145095.htm [accessed 25 Sep 2014]
  10. Clinton, H. (2011), ‘America’s Pacific century,’ Foreign Policy, October 11. Retrieved from http://foreignpolicy.com/2011/10/11/americas-pacific-century [accessed 8 Jun 2015]
  11. Clinton, H. & Geithner, T. (2009), ‘A new strategic and economic dialogue with China: few global problems can be solved by either country alone,’ The Wall Street Journal, 27 July.
  12. Cohen, W. (1999), Annual Report to the President and the Congress, Washington, DC: Office of Secretary of Defense.
  13. Cohen, W. (2000), Annual Report to the President and the Congress, Washington, DC: Office of Secretary of Defense.
  14. Cronin, P. & Green, M. (1994), Redefining the US-Japan Alliance: Tokyo’s National Defense Program, Washington, DC: National Defense University. https://doi.org/10.21236/ADA42188510.21236/ADA421885
  15. Department of Defense (2004), ‘US-East Asia Policy’, 9 November.
  16. Department of Defense (2010), Quadrennial Defense Review Report, Washington, DC: Department of Defense.
  17. Department of Defense (2012), Sustaining US Global Leadership: Priorities for 21st Century Defense, Washington, DC: The White House.
  18. DoD News (2014), ‘DoD releases report on estimated sequestration impacts,’ 15 April, American Forces Press Service.
  19. East Asia Vision Group (2001), Towards an East Asian Community: Region of Peace, Prosperity and Progress, East Asia Vision Group Report 2001. Retrieved from http://www.mofa.go.jp/region/asia-paci/report2001.pdf [accessed 25 Sep 2014]
  20. East Asia Study Group (2002), Final Report of the East Asia Study Group, ASEAN+3 Summit, November 4, 2002. Retrieved from http://www.mofa.go.jp/region/asia-paci/asean/pmv0211/report.pdf [accessed 25 Sep 2014]
  21. George, A. (2009), ‘Coercive Diplomacy,’ in R. Art & K. Waltz (eds.) The Use of Force: Military Power and International Politics, 7th ed., Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
  22. Johnston, A. I. (2013), ‘How new and assertive is China’s new assertiveness?’ International Security, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 7–48. https://doi.org/10.1162/ISEC_a_0011510.1162/ISEC_a_00115
  23. Koga, K. (2011), ‘The US and East Asian regional security architecture: building a regional security nexus on hub-and-spoke,’ Asian Perspective, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 1–36. https://doi.org/10.1353/apr.2011.001410.1353/apr.2011.0014
  24. Koga, K. (2012), ‘Explaining the Transformation of ASEAN’s Security Functions in East Asia: The Cases of ARF and ASEAN+3,’ Asian Regional Integration Review, vol. 4, pp. 1–27.
  25. Koga, K. (2013), ‘The delicate balance of Abe’s ASEAN diplomacy,’ OpenAsia, 27 November. Retrieved from http://openasia.asia/the-delicate-balance-of-abesasean-diplomacy-1161 [accessed 25 Sep 2014]
  26. Koga, K. (2014a), ‘Japan’s ‘strategic diplomacy’: Leveraging on ASEAN in 2014,’ RSIS Commentaries, 2 January. Retrieved from http://www.rsis.edu.sg/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/CO14001.pdf [accessed 9 Jun 2015]
  27. Koga, K. (2014b), ‘Japan in East Asia: challenges and opportunities for 2014,’ Asia Pacific Bulletin, no. 247, 14 January. Retrieved from http://www.eastwestcenter.org/system/tdf/private/apb247_0.pdf?file=1&type=node&id=34401 [accessed 9 Jun 2015]
  28. Koga, K. (2018), ‘The concept of “hedging” revisited: case of Japan’s foreign policy strategy in East Asia’s power shift,’ International Studies Review, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 49–80.
  29. Kojima, K. (2000), ‘The “flying geese” model of Asian economic development: origin, theoretical extensions, and regional policy implications,’ Journal of Asian Economics, vol. 11, p. 376. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1049-0078(00)00067-110.1016/S1049-0078(00)00067-1
  30. MOD (2010), National Defense Program Guidelines for FY 2011 and beyond: Approved by the Security Council and the Cabinet on December 17, 2010 (Provisional Translation), Ministry of Defense of Japan. Retrieved from http://www.tr.emb-japan.go.jp/T_06/files/National_Defense_Program_FY2011.PDF [accessed 8 Jun 2015]
  31. MOD (2012), Defense of Japan 2012, Tokyo: Ministry of Defense.
  32. MOD (2013), National Defense Program Guidelines for FY 2014 and beyond, December 17, 2013 (Provisional Translation), Ministry of Defense of Japan. Retrieved from http://www.mod.go.jp/j/approach/agenda/guideline/2014/pdf/20131217_e2.pdf [accessed 8 Jun 2015]
  33. MOD (2015), The Guidelines for Japan-US Defense Cooperation April 27, 2015, Ministry of Defense of Japan. Retrieved from http://www.mod.go.jp/e/d_act/anpo/pdf/shishin_20150427e.pdf [accessed 8 Jun 2015]
  34. MOFA (1960), Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between Japan and the United States of America, January 19, 1960, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. Retrieved from http://www.mofa.go.jp/region/n-america/us/q&a/ref/1.html [accessed 8 Jun 2015]
  35. MOFA (1991), Japan, Diplomatic Bluebook 1991: Japan’s Diplomatic Activities, Tokyo: Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan.
  36. MOFA (1995), National Defense Program Outline in and after FY 1996, December 1995, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. Retrieved from http://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/security/defense96/capability.html [accessed 25 Sep 2014]
  37. MOFA (1996a), Japan-US Joint Declaration on Security: Alliance for the 21st Century, 17 April 1996, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. Retrieved from http://www.mofa.go.jp/region/n-america/us/security/security.html [accessed 25 Sep 2014]
  38. MOFA (1996b), U.N. Peace-keeping Operations, Tokyo: Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. Retrieved from http://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/un/pamph96/un.html [accessed 25 Sep 2014]
  39. MOFA (1997), The Guidelines for Japan-US Defense Cooperation, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. Retrieved from http://www.mofa.go.jp/region/n-america/us/security/guideline2.html [accessed 25 Sep 2014]
  40. MOFA (2006a), ‘Japan-US Summit Meeting: the Japan-US Alliance of the New Century,’ Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. Retrieved from http://www.mofa.go.jp/region/n-america/us/summit0606.html [accessed 25 Sep 2014]
  41. MOFA (2006b), Trilateral Strategic Dialogue: Joint Statement Australia-Japan-United States, March 18, 2006, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan.
  42. MOFA (2013), ‘Fifth Japan-US-Australia Trilateral Strategic Dialogue,’ Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan, 4 October.
  43. Morgenthau, H. (1993), Politics among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace, New York: McGraw-Hill.
  44. NPRE (2012), ‘Nicchu boeki gaku no suii (1991–2012),’ Northwest Pacific Region Economic Center. Retrieved from http://www.near21.jp/kan/data/trade/trade2/jcsuii.htm [accessed 25 Sep 2014]
  45. Office of the Secretary of Defense (2008), Annual Report to Congress, Military Power of the People’s Republic of China 2008, Washington, DC: Office of the Secretary of Defense.
  46. Posen, B. (2013), ‘Pull back: the case for a less activist foreign policy,’ Foreign Affairs, vol. 92, no. 1, pp. 116–128.
  47. PMO (2001), ‘Tero taisaku tokubtsu sochi ho,’ Prime Minister of Japan and His Cabinet. Retrieved from http://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/singi/anpo/houan/tero/index.html [accessed 25 Sep 2014]
  48. PMO (2003), ‘Iraku ni okeru jindo fukko shien katsudo oyobi anzen kakuho shien katsudo no jisshi ni kansuru tokubetsu sochi ho,’ Prime Minister of Japan and His Cabinet. Retrieved from http://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/houan/2003/iraq/030613iraq.html [accessed 25 Sep 2014]
  49. SIPRI (2014), Military Expenditure database, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. Retrieved from https://www.sipri.org/databases/milex [accessed 25 Sep 2014]
  50. UN (1968), A System of National Accounts, New York: Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office of the United Nations.
  51. The White House (2002), National Security Strategy of the United States of America, Washington, DC: The White House.
  52. The White House (2009), ‘Statement on bilateral meeting with President Hu of China,’ 1 April. Retrieved from http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/Statement-On-Bilateral-Meeting-With-President-Hu-Of-China/Statement [accessed 25 Sep 2014]
  53. The World Bank (2014a), ‘GDP (current US$)’. Retrieved from http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD?order=wbapi_data_value_1980+wbapi_data_value+wbapi_data_value-first&sort=desc&page=6 [accessed 25 Sep 2014]
  54. The World Bank (2014b), ‘GDP growth (annual %).’ Retrieved from http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG [accessed 25 Sep 2014]
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/bjes-2019-0013 | Journal eISSN: 2674-4619 | Journal ISSN: 2674-4600
Language: English
Page range: 40 - 60
Published on: Nov 7, 2019
Published by: Tallinn University of Technology
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 2 issues per year

© 2019 Kei Koga, published by Tallinn University of Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.